test on theory Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are the 3 maxims of Robin Lakoff’s politeness principle?
1) Don’t impose
2) Give the receiver options
3) Make the receiver feel good
Give an example of saving face
Someone tripping over and instead of looking embarrassed, they laugh and make a joke about it
Give an example of losing face
When a student confidently answers a question in class, only to find out they were completely wrong, and then become embarrassed about it
Who coined the term ‘face theory’?
Erving Goffman
Who coined the terms ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ politeness?
Penelope Brown and Stephen Levinson
What is Grice’s implicature?
It refers to the idea that speakers often imply more than what they explicitly say, relying on context and conversational principles.
What is hedging?
When someone uses words to make their statements less direct or certain, often helping soften the message/ make it less forceful. Instead of saying “I know this is true’, a person might say “I think this might be true”
Give an example of a face-threatening act
A boss saying to an employee, “Your report was poorly done.” This criticism directly challenges and insults the competence of the employee.
What are the names of the 4 Grice’s maxims?
1) Maxim of quantity
2) Maxim of quality
3) Maxim of relevance
4) Maxim of manner
Who coined the term ‘accommodation theory’?
Howard Giles
