Visual: Ruby Color, Slight Orange Rim (even in youth), Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity - Fruit: Cooked / Stewed Strawberry, Maraschino Cherry, Prune, Fig, Raisin, Plum Pie - Possible Volatile Acidity, Oxidation - Floral: Red Flowers - Herbal: Mint, Menthol, Eucalyptus, Black Tea Leaf, Dried Savory Herbs - Spice: Curing Spices, Black Pepper, Licorice - Other: Powdered Sugar, Possible Old Leather / Brettanomyces - Earth: Moderate Minerality, Crushed Vitamin - Oak: Neutral to Moderate Use of New French of American Oak - Structure: Dry (with a Ripe, Sappy Attack), Moderate Plus to Full Body, Moderate Tannin, Moderate Acidity, Elevated to High Alcohol

- Grenache ( Grenache Noir) Country : Australia GI: South Australia

Testable Grape Tasting notes Flashcards by Duc Linh Vu

Visual:
- Bright ruby with purple tones
- Low to Moderate plus
( Low to Medium Minus in basic village wines, with higher concentration in some Cru wines)
- Possible residual gas from Carbonic Maceration)

Aromas / Flavors
- Moderate Plus to High Intensity

Fruit:
- Tart Red Fruit (Strawberry, Red Cherry, Raspberry, Cranberry, Red Currant) , Watermelon

Carbonic Maceration Notes:
- Pear Drop, Bubblegum, Cotton Candy, Lifted Red Fruit / Floral Aromatics

Floral:
- Violeta, Lilacs, Peonies

Other:
- Slight Black Pepper, Dry Savory Herbs

Earth:
- Moderate to High Minerality, Wet Granite, Stony, Crushed Rock

Oak:
- None or Neutral Cask

Structure

Dry
Moderate Minus to Moderate Body
Diminished to Moderate Tannin
Elevated Acidity
Moderate Alcohol

Gamay ( Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc)

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Visual:

Dark Ruby / Purple Color
Moderate plus Concentration

Aromas / Flavors:
- moderate plus intensity

Fruit:

Black fruit ( Blackcurrant / Cassis, Blackberry, Black Cherry)
Slight Red Fruit and Plum

Floral:
- Purple Flowers, Violets

Herbal / Green:
- Sage, Green Bell Pepper, Mint, Tobacco, Dried Savory Herbs

Spice (Savory):
- Green Peppercorn, Anise, Clove, Exotic Spices

Other:
- Leather, Pencil Shavings, Cedar, Iodine, Medicinal, Game, Cigar Box

Earth:
- Moderate Plus to high Minerality, Graphite, Gravel, Iron, Damp Soil, Mushroom

Oak:
- Moderate Plus to High Use of New French Oak ( Baking Spices, Clove, Smoke, Coffee, Vanilla, Roasted Nut, Cedar)

Structure

Dry
Moderate to Moderate plus Body
Elevated Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Cabernet Sauvignon - Bordeaux (Graves and Medoc)

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Visual

Dark Ruby to Purple Color
Moderate Plus Concentration

Aromas / Flavors:

Fruit:

ripe / lush black fruit (cassis / black currant, blackberry, black cherry)
ripe / lush red fruit (red cherry and red plum)
prune

Floral:

purple flowers
Violets

Herbal / Green:
- Intense Green Character, Eucalyptus, Mint, Green Bell Pepper, Sage

Spice (Sweet)
- Licorice / Anise, Coca, Cinnamon, clove, allspice, Nutmeg

Other:
- Cedar, Pencil Shavings, Leather, Cigar Box

Earth:
-Moderate to moderate plus Minerality, Terra Rossa / Red Soils , Loamy / Clay

Oak:
- Moderate to Moderate Plus use of New French or American Oak (Baking spices, Clove, Smoke, Coffee, Vanilla, Roasted Nut, Cedar)

Structure:

Dry (with ripe attack)
Moderate plus body
elevated tannin
moderate to elevated acidity
elevated alcohol

Cabernet Sauvignon - Australian

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Visual:

Dark Ruby / Purple Color
Moderate Plus Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity
Fruit:
-Ripe / Lush Black Fruits (Blackcurrant / Cassis, Blackberry, Black Cherry)
- Ripe / Lush Red Fruits ( Red Plum , Raspberry)

Floral:
- purple flowers, violets

Herbal / Green:
- Green Bell Pepper, Capsicum , Green / Black Olive, Mint, Tobacco

Spice (Sweet):
- Anise, Cocoa, Cinnamon, Clove, Allspice, Nutmeg

Other:
- Cedar, Pencil Shavings, Leather, Cigar Box

Earth:
- Moderate to Moderate Plus Minerality, Damp Earth, Mushroom / Compost Iron, Graphite

Oak:
- Moderate Use of New French Oak ( Baking Spices, Clove, Smoke, Coffee, Vanilla, Roasted Nut, Cedar)

Structure:

Dry ( Ripe Attack)
Moderate Plus Body
Elevated Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Cabernet Sauvignon - Chile

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Visual: Ruby Color, Slight Orange Rim (even in youth), Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity
- Fruit: Cooked to Dried Red Fruits (strawberry, cherry, raspberry), roasted red plum, blackberry, raisin / fig

Possible Volatile Acidity, Oxidation
Floral: Red Flowers, Dried Lavender
Herbal: Herbes de Provence, Garrigue / Wild Brush, Rosemary, Brewed Black Tea, Savory Herbs
Spices: Curing Spices, Black Pepper, Juniper, Clove, Licorice, Lavender
Other: Powdered Sugar, Dried Orange / Grapefruit Peel, Old Leather / Brettanomyces
Earth: Moderate Plus to High Minerality, Stone, Gravelly, Baked Earth
Oak: Large Neutral Casks (foudres) or Concrete Vats, although some modern special cuvèe styles may incorporate smaller barrels and new oak
Structure: Dry, Moderate Plus to Full Body, Moderate to Elevated Tannin, Diminished to Moderate Acidity, Elevated to High Alcohol

Grenache ( Grenache Noir)

Country: France

Region: Rhone Valley

AOC: Châteauneuf - du - Pape & Gigondas

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Visual: Ruby Color, Slight Orange Rim (even in youth), Moderate Plus Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity
- Fruit: Cooked / Stewed Strawberry, Maraschino Cherry, Prune, Fig, Raisin, Plum Pie

Possible Volatile Acidity, Oxidation
Floral: Red Flowers
Herbal: Mint, Menthol, Eucalyptus, Black Tea Leaf, Dried Savory Herbs
Spice: Curing Spices, Black Pepper, Licorice
Other: Powdered Sugar, Possible Old Leather / Brettanomyces
Earth: Moderate Minerality, Crushed Vitamin
Oak: Neutral to Moderate Use of New French of American Oak
Structure: Dry (with a Ripe, Sappy Attack), Moderate Plus to Full Body, Moderate Tannin, Moderate Acidity, Elevated to High Alcohol

Grenache ( Grenache Noir)

Country : Australia

GI: South Australia

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Visual: Ruby Color with Garnet Tones, Moderate Plus Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit:
Blue Fruit (Plum, Blueberry)
Red Fruit: (Strawberry, Raspberry, Red Cherry)
Black Fruit: (Blackberry, Black Cherry), Fig / Fruitcake

Floral:
Purple Flowers, Violets

Herbal:
Mint, Bay Leaf, Fern, Tobacco

Spice:
Licorice / Anise, Christmas Spice

Earth:
Moderate Plus to High Minerality, Clay, Mushroom / Truffle

Oak:
Moderate Plus to High Use of New French Oak, Chocolate, Coffee, Cinnamon, Vanilla

Structure:
Dry, Moderate to Moderate Plus Body, Moderate to Elevated Tannin, Moderate Acidity, Elevated Alcohol

Merlot

Country: France

Region: Bordeaux (Right Bank)

AOC: Saint Emillon or Pomerol

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Visual: Ruby Color with Blue Tones, Moderate Plus Concentration

Aromas / Flavors:
Stewed Fruit Character
Ripe Lush Blue Fruit ( Plum, Blueberry)
Ripe Lush Black Fruit ( Blackcurrant)
Lush Red Fruit (Red Cherry, Raspberry), Fig, Prune

Floral:
Purple Flowers, Violets

Herbal:
Fern, Bay Leaf, Sage

Spice:
Christmas Spice, Licorice / Anise

Earth:
Low to Moderate Minerality

Oak:
Moderate to High Use of New French Oak or Mixed Origin Oak, Chocolate, Coffee,Mocha, Sweet Baking Spices, Vanilla

Structure:
Dry (with Ripe Attack), Moderate Plus to Full Body, Moderate Tannin, Diminished to Moderate Acidity, Elevated to High Alcohol

Merlot

Country: United States

AVA: Napa Valley or Sonoma

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Visual: Ruby / Garnet Color, Significant Garnet, Orange Rim Variation, Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity
- Fruit:
Tart Red Fruit: ( Sour Cherry, Red Plum), Blackberry, Mulberry, Dried Plum / Prune and Dried Cherry

Significant Volatile Acidity, Oxidation

Floral:
Heady Floral Character, Roses, Violets

Herbal:
Tea Leaf, Tobacco, Bitter Root, Tree Bark

Spice:
Licorice, Anise, Resin, Slight Clove / Cinnamon Spice

Other:
Tar, Leather

Earth:
High Minerality, Truffle, Mushroom, Dust, Organic Earth

Oak:
Neutral Large Cask ( Slavonian Oak and Chestnut Botti are considered traditional casks for Barolo)

Structure:
Dry, Medium to Full Body, High Tannin, Elevated to High Acidity, Elevated to High Alcohol

Nebbiolo

Country: Italy

Region: Piedmonte

DOCG: Barolo or Barbaresco

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Visual: Ruby / Purple Color, Moderate Plus to High Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Tart / Ripe
- Black Fruit (Blackberry, Black Cherry, Black Plum)

Blue Fruit: Blueberry , Boysenberry
Red Fruit: Raspberry

Possible Carbonic Maceration and / or Stem Inclusion

Floral: Purple and Red Flowers, Lavender, Violets

Herbal / Green: Black / Green Olives, Green Peppercorn, Herbes de Provence, Rosemary

Spice: White / Black Pepper, Curing Spices, Juniper

Other: Tar, Hung / Cured Meat, Smoke, Bacon Fat, Band - Aid (Brettanomyces)

Earth: moderate plus to High Minerality, Granite, Crushed Rock

Oak: Neutral Barrel / Cask or Low to Moderate use of New French Oak

Structure:

Bone Dry to Dry
Moderate Plus Body
Moderate to Elevated Tannin
Elevated to High Acidity
Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Syrah - Northern Rhône ( France)

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Visual: Opaque, Dark Purple Color, High Concentration, Deep Stained Tears

Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity

Fruit: Ripe / Lush

Black Fruit: Blackberry, Cassis
Blue Fruit: Blueberry, Plum
Dried Fruit: Fig, Raisin, Date, Raspberry Liqueur, Mulberry

Floral: Purple and Red Flowers, Lavender (less prominent, than in Northern Rhône examples)

Herbal / Green: Eucalyptus, Mint / Methol, Herbes de Provence, Rosemary

Spice: Blackpepper, Dried Savory Spices, Licorice, Christmas Spices / Fruitcake

Other: Bitter Chocolate, Smoke, Grilled Meat

Earth: Low to Moderate Minerality

Oak: Low to High Use of New American or French Oak, Vanilla, Coconut, Dill, Chocolate, Mocha, Baking Spices, Cumin, Curry / Febugreek, Maple

Structure:

Dry
Full Body
Moderate to Elevated Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Elevated to High Alcohol

Shiraz - South Australia, Western Australia, Victoria (Australia)

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Visual:

Dark Ruby / Purple Color with Blue Tones
Moderate Plus to High Concentration
Electric Pink Rim

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus to High Intensity

Fruit: Ripe / Lush
- Black Fruit: Black Raspberry, Black Cherry, Blackberry

Blue fruit: Concord grape jam, blueberry, plum
Red Fruit: Raspberry Liqueur, Fig, Raisin, Prune

Floral: Purple and Red Flowers, Violets, Damson Flowers (floral aromatics are especially expressive in higher altitude wines)

Herbal / Green: Malbec may have slight green notes

Earth:Moderate Minus to Moderate Minerality, Clay / Mud

Oak: Low to High Use of New French and or American Oak, Vanilla, Baking Spices, Chocolate, Cinnamon

Structure:

Dry (with Ripe Attack)
Full Body
Elevated Tannin
Diminished to Moderate Acidity
Elevated to High Alcohol

Malbec - Mendoza - Argentina

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Visual:

Light Ruby / Ruby Color
Moderate Minus to Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Tart to Just Ripe

Red Fruit: Cherry, Raspberry, Cranberry, Wild Strawberry
Black Fruit: Possible Black Cherry, Beet / Beetroot, Tomato

Possible Stem Inclusion

Floral: Purple and Red Flowers, Violets, Lilac, Potpourri

Herbal / Vegetable: Tea Leaf, Dried Herbs, Fennel, Rhubarb, Sweet Squash

Spice: Red Licorice, Anise, Clove

Other: Game, Leather

Earth: Moderate to High Minerality, Flouride, Limestone, Mushroom / Forest Floor, Damp Leaves

Oak: Neutral to High Use of French Oak, Toast, Vanilla Bean, Smoke, Baking Spices, Cinnamon, Roasted Nut, Caramel (Côte de Nuits producers use higher percentage of new oak than their counterparts in the Côte de Beaune)

Structure:

Dry
Moderate to Moderate Plus Body
Diminished to Elevated Tannin
Elevated Acidity
Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Pinot Noir - Côte d’Or - France

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Visual:

High Clarity
Bright Ruby Color
Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Ripe / Lush
Red Fruit: Strawberry Jam, Cherry, Raspberry
Black Fruit: Blackcherry, Plum, Prune

Floral: Purple and Red Flowers, Potpourri

Herbal: Tea Leaf, Citrus Zest / Peel

Spice: Red Licorice, Clove, Cinnamon

Other: Cola, Cola Nut

Earth: Moderate Minerality

Oak: Moderate Plus to High Use of New French Oak (1/3 or more new barrels), Toast, Vanilla Bean, Smoke, Baking Spices, Clove, Cinnamon, Roasted Nut, Caramel

Structure:

Dry (with ripe attack)
Moderate plus body
Moderate Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Elevated Alcohol

Pinot Noir - Russian River Valley - California

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Visual:

Ruby
Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Ripe / Lush

Red Fruit: Strawberry, Cherry, Raspberry
Black Fruit: Black Cherry
Blue Fruit: Blueberry

Floral: Purple and Red Flowers, Potpourri

Herbal: Tea Leaf, Citrus Zest / Peel, Tomato Leaf

Spice: Red Licorice, Oak Spices

Other: Cola, Cola Nut

Earth: Moderate Plus Minerality, Wet Leaves, Compost, Mushroom, Forest Floor

Oak: Moderate to High Use of French Oak, Vanilla, Baking Spices, Coffee, Chocolate, Caramel

Structure:

Dry (with ripe attack)
Moderate Plus Body
Diminished to Moderate Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Pinot Noir - Williamette Valley - Oregon

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Visual

light Ruby with slightly garnet tones
Moderate Minus to Moderate Concentration (concentration and color may be darker if the wine is a blend)

Aroma / Flavors:

Fruit: Tart / Dried

Red Fruit: Sour Cherry, Raspberry, Cranberry, Red Currant, Red Apple, Tomato
Black Fruit: Black Cherry, Mulberry

Floral: Dried Flowers, Potpourri

Herbal / Green: Fennel, Roasted Savory Herbs, Thyme, Rosemary, Marjoram, Camphor, Bitter Root

Spice: Clove, Smoke (Brettanomyces Indictators), Coffee / Oak Spices

Other: Sanguine / Blood, Balsamic, Animal, Leather, Tar

Earth: Moderate to High Minerality, Clay, Crushed Rock, Baked Earth

Oak:
- none or large neutral cask with possible mixed use of French oak barriques ( classic examples do not see any significant new wood)

Structure:
- Bone Dry to Dry

Moderate to moderate plus body
Elevated to high tannin
Elevated to high acidity
Moderate to elevated alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Sangiovese - Tuscany - Chianti Classico - Italy

Visual

Dark Ruby with slightly garnet rim variation
Moderate Plus Concentration

Aroma / Flavors:

Fruit: Tart / Dried

Red Fruit: Sour Cherry, Raspberry, Cranberry, Red Currant, Red Apple, Tomato
Black Fruit: Black Cherry, Mulberry

Floral: Dried Flowers, Potpourri

Herbal / Green: Fennel, Roasted Savory Herbs, Thyme, Rosemary, Marjoram, Camphor, Bitter Root

Spice: Clove, Smoke (Brettanomyces Indictators), Coffee / Oak Spices

Other: Sanguine / Blood, Balsamic, Animal, Leather, Tar

Earth: Moderate to High Minerality, Clay, Crushed Rock, Baked Earth

Oak:
- large neutral cask with possible mixes use of French Oak Barriques

Structure:
- Bone Dry to Dry

Full Body
Elevated to high tannin
Elevated to high acidity
Elevated alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Sangiovese - Tuscany - Brunello di Montalcino - Italy

Visual:

Ruby
Moderate Minus to Moderate Concentration

Aroma / Flavors: Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Tart / Dried

Red Fruit: Cherry, Strawberry, Red Currant, Sour Asian Plum, Dried Plum

Significant Oxidation and Brettanomyces for Gran Reserva Styles

Floral: Red and Dried Flowers

Herbal: Tobacco , Dill

Other: Sweet and Sour Sauce, Iodine, Leather, Spice

Earth: Moderate to High Minerality, Baked Earth, Clay, Compost

Oak: Low to Moderate Use of New American or Mixed American / French Barrels ( Long Aging in Oak for Reserva and Gran Reserva Styles), vanilla, coconut, dill, cumin, curry, fenugreek, sandalwood

Structure:

Dry
Moderate Plus Body
Elevated Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Tempranillo - Rioja - Spain

Visual

Ruby / Dark Ruby
Moderate to Moderate Plus Concentration ( color and concentration are highly affected by blending other varieties)

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Plus to High Intensity of Aromas

Fruit: Ripe / Jammy

Red Fruit: Raspberry, Cranberry Jam, Raisin, Fig, Cherry Compote, apricot, peach yogurt
Black Cherry: Blackberry, Cassis
Blue Fruit: Blueberry

Non - Fruit: Black pepper, Briar, Slight Potting Soil / Turned Earth

Oak: Neutral to Moderate Use of New American Oak, French Oak, of Mixed Barrels: Vanilla, Sawdust, Coconut, Chocolate, Mocha, Coffee, Caramel, Dillwood, Cinnamon

Structure:

Dry (often with perceptible RS)
Full Body
Moderate Tannin
Moderate to Elevated Acidity
Elevated to High Alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Zinfandel - California

Visual
- Pale Straw / Straw with hints of Green

Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Intensity

Fruit: Tart to Ripe

Tree fruit: Green Apple, Yellow Apple, Green Pear
Citrus: Lemon

Sulphuric Note (especially in youth): Fling, Burnt Match, Slight Cabbage

Oxidative Notes (if neutral barrels are employed): Hazelnut, Almond, Chesse Rind

Floral: Faint white Flowers, Apple Blossoms, Hasthorne Acacia

Earth: High Minerality, Stony, Chalk, Saline / Seaspray, oyster shell, Button Mushroom

Oak: None or Neutral Barrel

Struture:

Bone Dry to Dry
Moderate to Moderate Plus Body
Elevated to High Acidy
Moderate Alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Chardonnay - Chablis - France

Visual:
straw to yellow / pale gold
Moderate to Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit:
Tree Fruits: Green / Yellow Apple, Pear, Quince

Citrus: Lemon, Melon

Stone Fruit: White Peach, Yellow Cherry

Sulphuric Note (especially in youth): Flint, Burnt Match, Slight Cabbage

Oxidative Notes: Almond, Hazelnut, Cheese Rind

Malolactic Notes: Slight Butter, Crème Fraiche / Sour Cream

Floral: White Flowers, Acacia, Hawthorne, Honeysuckle, Apple Blossoms

Other: Slight Spice, Slight Savory Herbs

Earth: Moderate to High Minerality, Limestone, Button Mushroom

Oak: Low to high use of French oak, toffee, salted caramel, butterscotch, sweet baking spices, cinnamon, toast, smoke

Bottle Age Aromas: Truffle, Honey, Nut

Structure:

dry
moderate to full body
elevated acidity
moderate to elevated alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Chardonnay - Côte de Beaune - France

Visual

yellow / pale gold
moderate plus concentration

Aromas / Flavors
- Moderate to Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Ripe

Tree Fruits: Yellow Apple, Baked Pears

Citrus Fruit: Meyer Lemon , Ripe Apricot, Melon

Tropical Fruits: Pineapple, Mango

Floral: White Flowers, Apple Blossoms, Honeysuckle

Oxidative Notes: Hazelnut, Almond

Malolactic Notes: Butter, Yogurt, Crème Fraiche / Sour Cream

Other: Sweet / Canned Corn

Earth: Low Minerality, Sight Limestone

Oak: Moderate to high use of French Oak, Toffee, Salted Caramel, Butterscotch, Sweet Baking Spices, Vanilla, Pie Crust, Toast

Structure

Dry (may have slight RS)
Moderate Plus to full body
Moderate Acidity
Elevated Alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Chardonnay - Oak Driven - California

Visual

Pale Straw with Hints of Green
Moderate Minus Concentration
Slight Residual Gas ( in youth)

Aromas / Flavors:
- Moderate Plus Intensity

Fruit: Ripe

Citrus: Orange, Meyer Lemon, Ruby Red Grapefruit, Melon

Stone Fruit: white peach, peach pit, apricot, nectorine

Tree Fruit: Green Apple

Floral:

White and Yellow Flowers
Citrus and Apple Blossoms

Other: Bubblegum, Agave, Slight Beer Yeast, Leesy, Saline, Possible ML fermentation

Earth:Moderate Plus Minerality

Oak: None

Structure:

Dry
Moderate Body
Elevated Acidity
Moderate Alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Albariño - Rías Baixas - Spain

Visual
Pale Straw / Straw with hints of green
Moderate Concentration

Aromas / Flavors:
Moderate to Moderate Plus Intensity of Aromas

Fruit:
Tree Fruit: Green, Golden, Oxidized Apple, Quince, Yellow Pear

Citrus: Tangerine , Orange, Lemon

Sulphuric Notes in youth

Oxidative Notes: Slightly Bruised Apple, Bitter Nut, Almond, Cheese Rind / Soft Cheese

Floral: Orange Blossoms, Jasmine, Honeysuckle, Fragrant White Flowers

Herbal: Chamomile / Herbal Tea, Medicinal Notes, Dandelion Greens, Wasabi, Savory Herbs, Tree Bark

Botrytis: Honey (particularly with Bottle Age), Ginger, Marmalade

Other: Wet Wool, Lanolin

Earth: Moderate Plus to High Minerality, Damp Straw, Limestone / Tuffeau, Wet Stones, White Mushroom

Oak: None or Neutral Cask

Structure:

Dry to Off Dry (examples typically have slight RS)
Moderate Body
High Acidity
Diminished to Moderate Alcohol

Study These Flashcards

Chenin Blanc - Vouvray - Loire Valley - France

Visual Pale Yellow / Gold Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: Tree Fruit: Green / Golden / Oxidized Apple, Quince, Yellow Pear Citrus: Tangerine, Bergamot, Lemon, dried Apricot Oxidative Notes: Bruised / Rotten Apple, Cider, Bitter Nut, Almond / Marzipan, Pistachio, Cheese Rind / Soft Cheese Floral: Honeysuckle, Jasmine, White Flowers Herbal: Chamomile / Herbal Tea, Medicinal Notes, Dandelion Greens, Wasabi, Savory Herbs, Tree Bark Botrytis (possible): Honey (particularly with bottle age), Saffron, Ginger, Marmalade Other: Wet Wool, Lanolin Earth: Moderate Plus to High Minerality, Damp Straw, Schist, Wet Stones, White Mushroom Oak: None or Neutral Cask Structure - Dry - Moderate to Full Body - High Levels of Extract - High Acidity - Moderate to Elevated Alcohol

Chenin Blanc - Savennières- Loire Valley

Visual Yellow / Gold Moderate Plus to High Concentration Aromas / Flavors: High (Heady) Intensity Fruit: Ripe Tropical Fruit: Lychee, Pineapple, Tropical Fruit Punch Stone Fruit: Peach, Jam, Dried Apricot Citrus: Orange Marmalade, Grapefruit Pith Floral: Roses, Floral Perfume Spice: Cinnamon, Clove, Gingerbread, Musk, Potpourri, Exotic Spices Other: Honey, Bergamot Oil, Face Lotion / Perfumed Hand Soap Earth: Moderate to Moderate Plus Minerality Oak: None or Neutral Cask Structure: - Dry to Off Dry - Moderate Plus to Full Body - Diminished to Moderate Acidity - Moderate to Elevated Alcohol - Phenolic Bitterness

Gewürztraminer - Alsace - France

Visual Yellow / Pale Gold (possibly with slight copper and pink tones) Moderate to Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: Moderate to Moderate Plus Intensity Fruit: Ripe Stone Fruit: Apricot, Yellow Peach Citrus Fruit: Meyer Lemon, Orange Tree Fruit: Baked Apple, Quince Tropical Fruit: Pineapple, Banana / Banana Peel Floral: Faint White Flowers, Apple Blossoms, Honeysuckle Spice: Exotic Spices, Musk, Cinnamon Botrytis: Honey, Ginger Other: Beeswax, Damp Cellar, Nutty, Bitter Almond Earth: Moderate to High Minerality, Mushroom / Forest Floor Oak: Large Neutral Oak Casks Structure - Dry to Medium Dry - Moderate Plus Body - Moderate Acidity - Moderate to Elevated Alcohol - Phenolic Bitterness

Pinot Gris - Alsace - France

Visual Pale straw with hint of Green (possibly with slight copper and pink tones) Moderate Concentration Aromas: Moderate Intensity Fruit: Tart Citrus Fruit: Lemon Tree Fruit: red and yellow Apple Stony fruit: white peach, nectarine , melon Floral: White and yellow flowers Herbal: Watercress / Arugula Other: Peanut Shell, Lager Yeast / Stale Beer Earth: Moderate to Moderate Plus Minerality, stone / chalk, ashen notes, saline Oak: none Structure - Dry - Moderate Body - Elevated Acidity - Moderate Alcohol - Slight Phenolic Bitterness

Pinot Grigio - Italy

Visual Brillant Watery White with hints of Green Low Concentration Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity Fruit: Tart Tree Fruit: Green Apple, Bosc Pear, Quince Citrus Fruit: Lemon, Lime, Grapefruit Stone Fruit: White Peach, White Plum, Nectarine, Blackcurrant Sulphuric Note (in youth) Floral: White Flowers, Jasmine, Fruit Tree Blossoms Other: Slight Smoke, Candlewax, Panna Cotta / Meringue, Slight Petrol Earth: High Minerality, Slate, Crushed Rock Oak: None or Large Neutral Cask Bottle Age Aromas: Honey, Petrol, Paraffin Structure - Off Dry to Medium Dry - Light Body - High Acidity - Low Alcohol

Riesling - Kabinett - Mosal - Germany

Visual Star Bright Straw with hints of Pale Gold and Green Moderate Concentration Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity Fruit: Ripe Tree Fruit: Yellow Apple, Pear, Quince Citrus Fruit: Grapefruit, Orange, Meyer Lemon Stone Fruit: Nectarine, White Peach, Apricot, Cherry, Melon Sulphuric Note (in youth) Floral: White Flowers, Wildflowers, Honeysuckle, Jasmine, Fruit Blossoms Botrytis: Ginger, Honey, Saffron Slight Herbal / Spice: Lemongrass Other: Slight Smoke, Candlewax, Panna Cotta / Meringue, Slight Petrol Earth: High Minerality , Granite, Slate, Crushed Rock Oak: None or Large Neutral Cask Bottle Age Aromas: Honey, Petrol, Paraffin, Herbs (Marjoram, Spearmint) Structure - Medium Dry to Medium Sweet - Moderate Minus Body - High Acidity - Low Alcohol

Riesling - Spätlese - Rheingau - Germany

Visual: - Yellow / Gold with hint of Green - Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity Fruit: Ripe and Cooked - Tree Fruit: yellow Apple, baked pear, quince - Citrus: Lemon, Citronella, Grapefruit - Stone Fruit: yellow peach, stewed apricot - Tropical Fruit: Pineapple, Banana / Banana Peel Sulphuric Note in Youth Floral: White Flowers, Honeysuckle, Jasmine Botrytis: Ginger, Honey, Saffron Spice: Cardamom, Anise, Fennel Other: Smoke, Candlewax, Slight Petrol Earth: High Minerality, White Mushroom Oak: None or Large Oak Cask Bottle Age Aromas: Honey Petrol, Paraffin, Marzipan, Browned Toast Structure - Dry - Moderate Plus Body - High Acidity - Moderate to elevated Alcohol

Riesling - France - Alsace

Visual - Pale straw with hints of gold and green - Moderate Concentration Aromas / Flavors - High Intensity Fruit: Ripe and Tart - Citrus Fruit: Lime, Lemon, Lime Candy - Stone Fruit: White Peach, White Nectarine - Tree Fruit: Green Apple - Tropical Fruit: Passion Fruit, Guava Sulphuric Notes in Youth Floral: white flowers, purple flowers, Linden / Lime Blossoms, Roses Other: Slight Spice, Kerosene / Petrol, Margarita Salt, "Fresh Tennis Ball " Earth: Moderate to Moderate Plus Minerality, Slate, Steely Oak: None Structure: - Dry - Moderate to Moderate Plus Body - High Acidity - Moderate Alcohol

Riesling - Australia - Clare Valley, Eden Valley

Visual Pale Straw with Hints of Green Moderate Concentration Aromas / Flavors - Moderate to Moderate Plus Intensity of Aromas Fruit: Tart and Ripe Citrus Fruit: Grapefruit, Lemon, Lime Tree Fruit: Green Apple, Green Pear, Gooseberry Tropical Fruit: Kiwi, Passion Fruit Floral: Faint White Flowers, Citrus Blossoms Herbal: Green, Pyrazine, Cut Grass, Green Bell Pepper, Blackcurrant Bud, Box Tree, Nettles, Tarragon Earth: High Minerality, Wet Stones, Chalk, Crushed Rocks Oak: None or Neutral Oak Casks Structure - Dry - Moderate Body - High Acidity - Moderate to Moderate Plus Alcohol

Sauvignon Blanc - Loire Valley - Sancerre

Visual Pale Straw with Hints of Green Moderate Concentration Aromas / Flavors - High Intensity of Aromas Fruit: Ripe and Tart Citrus Fruit: Grapefruit, Lemon, Lime, Melon, Gooseberry Tropical Fruit: Passion Fruit, Guava, Pineapple Stone Fruit: N/A Floral: Faint White Flowers, Citrus Blossoms Herbal: Green, Pyrazine: Cut Grass, Asparagus, Canned Pea, Green Bell Pepper, Jalapeño, Blackcurrant Bud, Rhubarb Earth: Low to Moderate Minerality, Wet Sand, Chalk Oak: None Structure: - Dry - Moderate Body - High Acidity - Moderate to Moderate Plus Alcohol

Sauvignon Blanc - New Zealand - Marlborough

Visual Straw with Hints of Green and Gold Moderate Concentration Aromas / Flavors - Moderate Plus Intensity, Less Pronounced Varietal Character Fruit: Ripe and Tart - Citrus Fruit: Ruby Red Grapefruit, Lemon, Mandarin Orange, Lime - Tropical Fruit: Passion Fruit, Guava, Kiwi - Tree Fruit: Red Apple - Stone Fruit: White Peach, Nectarine, Melon Floral: White Flowers, Citrus Blossoms Herbal: Green / Pyrazine: Cut Grass, Celery, Tarragon, Lemongrass Earth: Low to Moderate Minerality Oak: None or Low to Moderate use of French Oak Structure - Dry - Moderate Plus Body - Moderate Plus to High Acidity - Moderate Plus to High Alcohol

Sauvignon Blanc - California - Napa / Sonoma

Visual - Yellow / Pale color with hints of Green - Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: Moderate Intensity of Aromas Fruit: Tart - Citrus Fruit:Grapefruit, Lemon - Tropical Fruit: Pineapple, Passion Fruit - Tree Fruit:Green Fig, Green / Yellow Apple - Stone Fruit: Melon, Nectarine, Peach, Apricot Floral: Honeysuckle, Faint White Flowers Herbal: Green, Pyrazines, Cut Grass, Celery Seed / Celery Earth: Gravel, Wet Rocks Other: Beeswax, Lanolin, Cream Soda, Sunflower Seed Oak: Moderate to High Use of new French oak, vanilla, toast Structure: - Dry - Moderate to Moderate Plus Body - Moderate Plus to High Acidity - Moderate to Moderate Plus Alcohol

Sauvignon Blanc ( usually blended with Semillon) - France - Bordeaux - Graves

Visual Yellow with hints of Green Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity Fruit: ripe Tropical Fruit: Pineapple, Guava, Papaya Citrus Fruit: Orange, Meyer, Lemon Stone Fruit: Peach, Melon Floral: Highly Floral, Perfumed Orange Blossoms, Roses, Jasmine, Geraniums Other: Hand Lotion / Soapy, potpourri, slight Musk Spice Earth: Low to Moderate Minerality Oak: None Structure: - Dry - Moderate Plus Body - Moderate to Elevated Acidity - Elevated Alcohol - Possible Phenolic Bitterness

Torrontés - Argentina - Salta

Visual - Yellow / Gold Color - Moderate Plus Concentration Aromas / Flavors: High Intensity Fruit: Ripe Stone Fruit: Apricot, Peach, Peach Pit Citrus Fruit: Mandarin Orange, Ruby Red Grapefruit Tropical Fruit: Mango, Persimmon, Fruit Cocktail Floral: Honeysuckle, Jasmine, Orange Blossoms, Rose Spice: Cinnamon, Musk, Potpourii, Candied Citrus Peel, Anise, Gingerbread Malolactic Fermentation (not always present): Crème Fraiche, Yogurt, Butter Earth: Moderate to Moderate Plus Minerality,Stone / Granite Oak: None, Neutral Oak, Low to Moderate use of New French Oak Structure - Dry (may have slight residual sugar) - Moderate Plus to Full Body - Diminished to Moderate Acidity - Elevated Alcohol - Phenolic Bitterness

Viognier - France - Rhône Valley - Condrieu

Visual: dark purple color, high concentration Aromas / Flavors: Moderate plus intensity Fruit: Ripe Red Fruit: sweet cherry, raspberry Black Fruit: black currant , cassis, blackberry, black cherry Blue Fruit: boysenberry , blueberry Possible Volatile Acidity Floral: Purple Flowers, Violets Herbal / Green (in cooler vintages): Sage, Mint, Green Bell Pepper, Tobacco, Eucalyptus Spice (sweet): Anise, Cocoa, Cinnamon, Clove, Allspice, Nutmeg Other: Cedar, Pencil Shavings, Sweet Leather, Cigar Box Earth: Low to Moderate Plus Minerality, Volcanic / Ashen, Gravel, Loamy Oak: Moderate Plus to high use of new French oak (allspice, nutmeg,clove, smoke, toast, coffee, vanilla, roasted nut, cocoa, cedar) ``` Structure Dry (with ripe attack) Full body Elevated to high tannins Moderate Acidity Elevated to High Alcohol ```

Cabernet Sauvignon - Napa Valley

Testable Grape Tasting notes Flashcards

(39 cards)