What is an Atom?
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still retains the identity and physical and chemical properties of the element
What is the Atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus
What Are The Three Subatomic Particles?
- Proton 2. Neutron 3. Electron
What is the Mass number?
The mass number is the number protons plus neutrons in the nucleus
Name The Relative Mass And Relative Charge of The Three Subatomic Particles:
A Proton
- Relative Mass: 1 u
- Relative Charge: 1+
A Neutron
- Relative Mass: 1 u
- Relative Charge: Neutral Mass
An Electron
- Relative Mass: 0
- Relative Charge: 1-
Number of neutrons equals…
The Mass number subtracted by the Atomic number
Number of electrons equals…
The number of number of protons (in a neutral atom and not in an ion)
What are Isotopes?
They are the atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Average Atomic Mass
Is the average masses of all the element’s naturally occuring isotopes.
Characteristics of Isotopes are…
- All the isotopes of an element have same atomic number but different mass numbers
- All isotopes of an element have the identical chemical properties due to same number of protons in them.
What do we Need to Calulate the Average Atomic Mass?
To calculate the average atomic mass, we need to know the atomic mass and the abundance of each isotope.
The Formula for the Average Atomic Mass is…
Average atomic mass = (atomic mass of isotope A) x (abundance of isotope A) + (atomic mass of isotope B) x (abundance of isotope B) + ……
What are Radioisotopes?
Radioisotopes are isotopes of elements that undergo spontaneous decay, creating different element and releasing radioactive particles such as alpha radiation.
Radioactive Isotopes are…
capable of spontaneous disintegration of the atomic nuclei.
Medical Isotopes
Are a medical isotope is a very small quantity of radioactive substance used in imaging and treatment of disease.
What Does the Existence of Isotopes Explain?
The existence of isotopes explains the apparent contradiction between the atomic number and atomic mass of the elements.
What Does the A, Z And X Represent in Standard Atomic Notation?
A is the Mass Number
Z is the Atomic Number
X is the Element Symbol
The location of a Neutron is…
inside the necleus
The location of a Proton is…
inside the necleus
An Electron is located…
An electron orbits around the necleus in orbitals.
