The Brain

Question 1

avg mass of brain for adult male & female

Answer 1

male: 1600g (3.5 lbs), female: 1450 g (3.2 lbs)

Question 2

4 regions of the brain include:

Answer 2

cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum), diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

Question 3

paired (left & right) superior parts of the brain

Answer 3

cerebral hemispheres

Question 4

each of the cerebral hemispheres consist of 3 things:

Answer 4

cortex, white matter, & basal nuclei

Question 5

includes more than half of the brain’s mass

Answer 5

cerebrum

Question 6

Cerebrum is made of ridges (___) & grooves (___)

Answer 6

ridges= gyri
grooves= sulci

Question 7

the surface is made of ridges and grooves

Answer 7

cerebrum

Question 8

____ divide the cerebrum into lobes

Answer 8

fissures (deep grooves)

Question 9

“executive site” of the nervous system

Answer 9

cerebral cortex

Question 10

where our conscious mind is found

Answer 10

cerebral cortex

Question 11

enables us to be aware of ourselves and our sensations

Answer 11

cerebral cortex

Question 12

enables us to communicate, remember, understand

Answer 12

cerebral cortex

Question 13

initiates voluntary movements

Answer 13

cerebral cortex

Question 14

composed of gray matter: neuron cell bodies, dendrites, associated neuroglia & blood vessels

Answer 14

cerebral cortex

Question 15

neuron cell bodies, dendrites, associated neuroglia & blood vessels

Answer 15

gray matter

Question 16

modern imaging techniques have shown that specific ___& ___functions are localized in discrete areas within the ___

Answer 16

motor & sensory … within the cortex

Question 17

higher mental functions, such as ___& ___involve language overlap & are spread over large areas of the ___

Answer 17

memory & language…within the cortex

Question 18

receives impulses from the body’s sensory receptors

Answer 18

primary somatic sensory area

Question 19

located in the parietal lobe

Answer 19

primary somatic sensory area

Question 20

sends impulses to the skeletal muscles

Answer 20

primary motor area

Question 21

located in the frontal lobe

Answer 21

primary motor area

Question 22

involved in our ability to speak

Answer 22

broca’s area

Question 23

4 cerebral areas involved in special senses:

Answer 23

gustatory area (taste), visual area, auditory area, olfactory area

Question 24

involved in intellectual reasoning & socially acceptable behavior

Answer 24

anterior association area

Question 25

recognizing faces and patterns

Answer 25

posterior association area

Question 26

speech area

Answer 26

posterior association area

Question 27

fiber tracts deep to the gray matter

Answer 27

white matter

Question 28

islands of gray matter buried within the white matter

Answer 28

basal nuclei

Question 29

sits on top of the brain stem

Answer 29

diencephalon

Question 30

enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 30

diencephalon

Question 31

made up of thalamus, hypothalamus, & epithalamus

Answer 31

diencephalon

Question 32

surrounds the 3rd ventricle

Answer 32

thalamus

Question 33

relay station for sensory impulses

Answer 33

thalamus

Question 34

Thalamus: transfers impulses to the correct part of the cortex for ___ & ____

Answer 34

localization & interpretation

Question 35

under the thalamus

Answer 35

hypothalamus

Question 36

important autonomic nervous system center

Answer 36

hypothalamus

Question 37

helps regulate body temp

Answer 37

hypothalamus

Question 38

controls water balance

Answer 38

hypothalamus

Question 39

regulates metabolism

Answer 39

hypothalamus

Question 40

houses the limbic center for emotions

Answer 40

hypothalamus

Question 41

regulates the nearby pituitary gland (which produces 2 hormones of its own)

Answer 41

hypothalamus

Question 42

forms the roof of the 3rd ventricle

Answer 42

epithalamus

Question 43

houses the pineal body (an endocrine gland)

Answer 43

epithalamus

Question 44

includes the choroid plexus- produces cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 44

epithalamus

Question 45

attaches to the spinal cord

Answer 45

brain stem

Question 46

3 parts of the brain stem

Answer 46

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 47

mostly composed of tracts of nerve fibers

Answer 47

midbrain

Question 48

has 2 bulging fiber tracts

Answer 48

midbrain

Question 49

the 2 bulging fiber tracts of the midbrain are called:

Answer 49

cerebral peduncles (midbrain)

Question 50

convey ascending & descending impulses

Answer 50

cerebral peduncles (midbrain)

Question 51

has four rounded protrusions

Answer 51

midbrain

Question 52

the 4 rounded protrusions of the midbrains are called:

Answer 52

corpora quadrigemina (midbrain)

Question 53

reflex centers for vision & hearing

Answer 53

corpora quadrigemina (midbrain)

Question 54

the bulging center part of the brain stem

Answer 54

pons

Question 55

mostly composed of fiber tracts

Answer 55

pons

Question 56

includes nuclei involved in the control of breathing

Answer 56

pons

Question 57

lowest part of the brain stem

Answer 57

medulla oblongata

Question 58

merges into the spinal cord

Answer 58

medulla oblongata

Question 59

includes important fiber tracts

Answer 59

medulla oblongata

Question 60

contains important control centers

Answer 60

medulla oblongata

Question 61

the important control centers of the medulla oblongata are: (5 of them)

Answer 61

vomiting, swallowing, heart rate control, BP regulation, breathing

Question 62

reticular formation: ___ mass of gray matter along the brain stem

Answer 62

diffuse

Question 63

reticular formation: ______- plays a role in awake/sleep cycles & consciousness

Answer 63

reticular activating system (RAS)

Question 64

reticular formation: filters out flood of ___ input of the CNS

Answer 64

sensory

Question 65

2 hemispheres w/ convoluted surfaces

Answer 65

cerebellum

Question 66

provides involuntary coordination of body movements

Answer 66

cerebellum

Question 67

pons & medulla make up:

Answer 67

the brain stem