Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Human Histology > The Cell > Flashcards

The Cell Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major function of the Nucleus?

A

It houses the DNA that serves as the genetic material for directing protein synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A phospholipid bilayer that forms a selectively permeable boundary of the cell.

A

Plasma Membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give the three functions of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.

A

Synthesis of Lipids
Glycogen Metabolism
Stores Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

These are ribosomes that produce proteins used within the cell.

A

Free Ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the major function of the Nucleolus?

A

Synthesis of ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The nucleus and centrosome is also duplicated.

A

S Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the major function of the Nuclear Envelope?

A

It separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three phases under the Interphase?

A

G1 Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

During _________, constriction of the ring produces a cleavage furrow and progresses until the cytoplasm and its organelles are divided into two daughter cells.

A

Cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the major function of the Cytoplasm?

A

It is responsible for many cellular processes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

During this phase, the two centrosomes with their now-duplicated centrioles separate and migrate to opposite poles of the cell and organize the microtubules of the mitotic spindle.

A

Prophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are trans face Golgi stacks?

A

shipping sites away from the ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the major functions of the Cytoskeleton?

A

Provide mechanical strength
Establish cell shape
Locomotion
Intracellular transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the major function of Ribosomes?

A

Protein Synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The period primarily devoted to DNA replication.

A

S Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

It is a large rounded or oval structure that is enclosed within a double membrane.

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the four phases of Mitosis?

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the other function of the cytosol asides from providing support?

A

This is where diffusion occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

It is a large prominent structure that is found within the nucleus.

A

Nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

These are composed of 9 sets of triplet microtubules arranged in a ring, and it replicates before cell division.

A

Centrioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A short period of preparation for mitosis.

A

G2 Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

It is the basic structural and unit of all forms of life.

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

It is a double-membrane boundary that separates the cytoplasm and nuclear components; continuous with rough ER.

A

Nuclear Envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the functions of Peroxisomes?

A

It detoxifies harmful substances and engage in beta oxidation of FA to acetyl coA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
During this phase, the cell is now more spherical, and the microtubules move the chromosomes into alignment at the equatorial plate.
Metaphase
26
During this phase, the microtubules begin to depolymerize, and the nuclear envelope begins to reassemble.
Telophase
27
The cell cycle is divided into two major phases which are _______________.
Interphase and Mitotic Phase (Mitosis)
28
What are cis face Golgi stacks?
receiving sites near the ER
29
The cells grow physically larger, copy its organelles, and makes the molecular building blocks that will be needed in the next steps of cell division.
G1 Phase
30
It is a viscous fluid medium that provides support for the organelles.
Cytosol
31
What are the functions of Lysosomes?
It contains hydrolytic enzymes to digest proteins. Autophagy Intracellular digestion
32
It increases the membrane surface area for greater absorption.
Microvilli
33
These are organelles composed of both protein and rRNA that are organized into both a large and small subunit.
Ribosomes
34
During this phase, the sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.
Anaphase
35
During this phase, actual cell division occurs.
Mitotic Phase
36
Where are lysosomes formed?
At the Golgi apparatus
37
Describe the cisternae of Endoplasmic Reticulum
physically connected to each other
38
Describe the cisternae of Golgi Apparatus
flattened, not physically connected to each other
39
This is where the synthesis of secretory proteins, cell membrane proteins, and organelle proteins occur.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
40
These are ribosomes that produce proteins that are secreted, incorporated into plasma membrane, and within lysosomes.
Bound Ribosomes
41
What are the major functions of the plasma membrane?
Physical barrier Regulates material movement Maintain electrical charge Cell communication
42
It is a spherical-shaped, membranous structure that is formed from the Golgi apparatus.
Lysosomes
43
A double-membrane bound organelle containing a circular strand of DNA.
Mitochondria
44
These are smaller, spherical-shaped organelles formed from the ER, and contains oxidative enzymes.
Peroxisomes
45
The major site for carbohydrate synthesis is _________.
Golgi Apparatus
46
The cell grows even more, makes protein and organelles. and re-organizes its content prior to mitosis.
G2 Phase
47
What is the major function of the Mitochondria?
It serves as an energy transformer of the cell by synthesizing most ATP.
48
Nucleus contains ___________.
chromatin, nucleolus, and nucleoplasm
49
It gives a platform for the organelles to do their specific functions.
Cytoplasm
50
During this phase, the nucleolus disappears and the replicated chromatin condenses into thread-like chromosomes.
Prophase
51
It moves substances over the cell.
Cilia
52
A region near the nucleus from which microtubules sprouts. It contains a pair of centriole.
Centrosomes
53
It consists of a network of membranous tubules and sacs called cisternae.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
54
The period in which the cells accumulate the enzymes and nucleotides.
G1 Phase
55
What are the major functions of Centrosome?
It organizes microtubules Participates in mitotic spindle formation
56
During this phase, the cell will grow and double its size and organelles, and make a copy of its DNA.
Interphase
57
It is the backbone of the cell, which is an organized network of protein filaments.
Cytoskeleton
58
During this phase, the two sets of chromosomes are at the spindle poles and begin reverting to their uncondensed state.
Telophase
59
They carry out specific metabolic activities of the cell.
Organelles
60
The ________ serves as the sorting and dispatching station for the products of ER.
Golgi Apparatus
61
It provides locomotion for the cell, and propels the sperm.
Flagella

Human Histology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions