Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MTM > The Cell Surface > Flashcards

The Cell Surface Flashcards

1
Q

4 major phospholipids

A
  • Phosphatidylethanolamine
  • Phosphatidylserine
  • Phosphatidylcholine
  • Sphingomyelin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does cholesterol do?

A
  • Increases rigidity
  • Decreases permeability to small molecules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do intracellular signal transduction lipids do?

A
  • Bind specifically to certain regions of proteins
  • Cause conformational, localization and/or activity change(s)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does fluidity of membranes allow?

A
  • Signalling lipids and membrane proteins to rapidly diffuse laterally
  • Membrane to be shared equally by daughter cells
  • Membranes to fuse with other membranes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Integral and peripheral membrane proteins

A
  • Single-pass
  • Multi-pass
  • Beta-barrel
  • Lipid-linked
  • Peripheral membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functions of membrane proteins

A
  • Transport
  • Enzymatic activity
  • Signal transduction
  • Cell-cell recognition
  • Intercellular joining
  • Attachment to cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Factors affecting ability of solute to simply diffuse across a membrane

A
  • Concentration gradient
  • Hydrophobicity/charge
  • Size
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 classes of membrane proteins involved in facilitated diffusion

A
  • Channels
  • Uniporter carrier proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do channel proteins form in the membrane?

A

Hydrophilic pores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Speed of channel proteins

A

10^7 ions per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do uniporter carrier proteins work?

A

Solute binds to the binding site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Speed of uniporter carrier proteins

A

<1000 molecules per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do cells maintain electrochemical gradients?

A
  • Drive transport
  • Maintain osmotic balance
  • Electrical forces inside and out must be balanced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What protein is used to maintain Na+ electrochemical gradient?

A

Na+/K+ ATPase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is Na+/K+ ATPase both a carrier and enzyme?

A

Also hydrolyses ATP to ADP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Na+/K+ ATPase mechanism of action

A
  1. 3x Na+ bind and pump is phosphorylated by hydrolysing ATP
  2. Conformational change transfers Na+ and it is released
  3. 2x K+ bind and pump dephosphorylated
  4. Conformational return transfers K+ and releases them
17
Q

3 ways active transport happens

A
  • ATP-driven pumps
  • Coupled transporters
  • Light-driven pumps
18
Q

How do ATP-driven pumps work?

A

Transport of solute coupled with hydrolysis of ATP (primary AT)

19
Q

How do coupled transporters work?

A

Transport of one solute down gradient with to another against gradient (secondary AT)

20
Q

Types of coupled transporters

A
  • Symport (both solutes same way)
  • Antiport (solutes in opposite directions)
21
Q

How do light-driven pumps work?

A

Transport of solute coupled with input of energy from light

MTM (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions