The Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the four components of blood?

Answer 1

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma

Question 2

Function of red blood cells

Answer 2

Carry oxygen around the body

Question 3

Function of white blood cell

Answer 3

Defend the body against pathogens

Question 4

Function of platelets

Answer 4

Clot the blood

Question 5

Plasma

Answer 5

Carries dissolved substances

Question 6

What substances does plasma carry

Answer 6

Plasma also distributes heat around the body

Small soluble, food, molecules like glucose amino acids
Waste chemicals produced by the body, e.g. carbon dioxide for respiration and urea produced by the liver
Hormones, e.g. insulin
Mineral salts, e.g. sodium ions

Question 7

Function of coronary arteries

Answer 7

Supply oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle without a steady supply of oxygenated blood. The heart muscle couldn’t keep contracting.

Question 8

What happens if there’s a blood clot in a coronary artery?

Answer 8

The heart muscles won’t get enough oxygen and will stop working. This is a heart attack.

Question 9

Semi-lunar valves

Answer 9

Prevent backflow of blood from arteries when the ventricles relax

Question 10

Pulmonary artery

Answer 10

Curry blood from heart to lungs

Question 11

Superior vena cava

Answer 11

A vein carrying blood from the body to the right atrium

Question 12

Tricuspid valve

Answer 12

Prevents backflow of blood to the right atrium with the right ventricle contracts

Question 13

Bicuspid valve

Answer 13

Prevents backflow of blood to the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts

Question 14

Pulmonary vein

Answer 14

Carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 15

Aorta

Answer 15

An artery carrying blood to the body