The Circulatory System

Question 1

Severe constricting chest pain, often radiating from the precordium to the left shoulder and down the arm.

Answer 1

Angina pectoris

Question 2

A minute artery, especially a terminal artery continuous with the capillary network.

Answer 2

Arterioles

Question 3

A blood vessel that conveys blood from the heart to any part of the body.

Answer 3

Arteries

Question 4

Either of two heart valves through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles; prevents return of blood to the atrium

Answer 4

Atrioventricular (AV) valve

Question 5

Either the right or the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle.

Answer 5

Atrium

Question 6

Another name for mitral valve

Answer 6

Bicuspid valve

Question 7

Relating to or resembling a hair; fine and slender.

Answer 7

Capillary

Question 8

Blood volume in liters pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per minute.

Answer 8

Cardiac output

Question 9

Is a manual technique, used in emergencies, to reinstate blood flow to someone suffering from cardiac arrest.

Answer 9

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Question 10

Either of two arteries that originate in the aorta and supply the heart muscle with blood.

Answer 10

Coronary arteries

Question 11

The circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle (the myocardium).

Answer 11

Coronary circulation

Question 12

The lowest arterial blood pressure reached during any given ventricular cycle.

Answer 12

Diastolic pressure

Question 13

A blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth

Answer 13

Ductus arteriosus

Question 14

Blood shunt between the left umbilical vein and the right sinus venosus of the heart of an embryo.

Answer 14

Ductus venosus

Question 15

Measures the heart’s electrical activity.

Answer 15

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 16

Inflammation of the endocardium.

Answer 16

Endocarditis

Question 17

The serous membrane that lines the cavities of the heart.

Answer 17

Endocardium

Question 18

The inner serous layer of the pericardium, lying directly upon the heart.

Answer 18

Epicardium

Question 19

An opening between the right and left atria (the upper chambers of the heart), normally found in fetuses.

Answer 19

Foramen ovale

Question 20

The portal venous system responsible for directing blood from parts of the gastrointestinal tract to the liver.

Answer 20

Hepatic portal circulation

Question 21

Persistent high blood pressure.

Answer 21

Hypertension

Question 22

Abnormally low arterial blood pressure. Also called hypopiesis .

Answer 22

Hypotension

Question 23

A valve of the heart, composed of two triangular flaps, that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and regulates blood flow between these chambers. Also called bicuspid valve , left atrioventricular valve .

Answer 23

Mitral valve

Question 24

Necrosis of a region of the myocardium caused by an interruption in the supply of blood to the heart. Also called cardiac infarction .

Answer 24

Myocardial infarction

Question 25

The muscular substance of the heart.

Answer 25

Myocardium

Question 26

A deflection in an electrocardiogram indicating depolarization of the atria.

Answer 26

P-wave

Question 27

A part of the body, such as the specialized mass of cardiac muscle fibers of the sinoatrial node, that sets the pace or rhythm of physiological activity.

Answer 27

Pacemaker

Question 28

The membranous sac enclosing the heart.

Answer 28

Pericardium

Question 29

The circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back to the heart.

Answer 29

Pulmonary circulation

Question 30

The rhythmical dilation of arteries produced when blood is pumped outward by regular contractions of the heart.

Answer 30

Pulse

Question 31

Specialized muscle fibers found in the heart.

Answer 31

Purkinje fibres

Question 32

The principal deflection in the electrocardiogram, representing ventricular depolarization.

Answer 32

QRS complex

Question 33

One of three semilunar segments serving as the cusps of a valve preventing regurgitation, as in the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve.

Answer 33

Semilunar valve

Question 34

A small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers located in the posterior wall of the right atrium of the heart that acts as a pacemaker of the cardiac conduction system . Also called sinoauricular node , sinus node .

Answer 34

Sinoatrial node

Question 35

Circulation of blood throughout the body through the arteries, capillaries, and veins.

Answer 35

Systemic circulation

Question 36

The highest arterial blood pressure reached during any given ventricular cycle.

Answer 36

Systolic pressure

Question 37

Represents the repolarization (or recovery) of the ventricles.

Answer 37

T - wave

Question 38

The three-segmented valve of the heart that keeps blood in the right ventricle from flowing back into the right atrium. Also called right atrioventricular valve .

Answer 38

Tricuspid valve

Question 39

A vein passing through the umbilical cord and conveying purified, nutrient-rich blood from placenta to fetus.

Answer 39

Umbilical Veins

Question 40

A small cavity or chamber within a body or an organ, especially the right or left ventricle of the heart or any of the interconnecting ventricles of the brain.

Answer 40

Ventricle

Question 41

A small vein, especially one joining capillaries to larger veins. Also called capillary vein .

Answer 41

Venules

Question 42

Blood and lymph vessel

Answer 42

angi/o

Question 43

Combining form meaning " aorta ".

Answer 43

aort/o

Question 44

A combining form meaning “artery”.

Answer 44

arteri/o

Question 45

A descriptive term for the heart or the arteries.

Answer 45

coron/o

Question 46

A combining form meaning “vein”

Answer 46

phleb/o

Question 47

A combining form representing sphygmus.

Answer 47

sphygm/o

Question 48

A combining form meaning “heart”

Answer 48

cardi/o

Question 49

A combining form with the meanings “blood clot,” “coagulation,” “thrombin,” .

Answer 49

thromb/o

Question 50

A combining form meaning “vessel”.

Answer 50

vas/o

Question 51

A combining form with the meaning “vein” .

Answer 51

ven/o

Question 52

A combining form with the meaning “venule” .

Answer 52

venul/o