The Urinary System

Question 1

A steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates the salt and water balance in the body.

Answer 1

Aldosterone

Question 2

The absence or suppression of urine.

Answer 2

Anuria

Question 3

A hormone involved in natriuresis and the regulation of renal and cardiovascular homeostasis. It causes natriuresis, diuresis, and renal vasodilation; reduces circulating concentrations of renin, aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone; Also called atrial natriuretic factor.

Answer 3

Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)

Question 4

A polypeptide hormone secreted by the posterior portion of the pituitary gland that constricts blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and reduces excretion of urine. Also called vasopressin .

Answer 4

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 5

A membranous, double-walled capsule surrounding a glomerulus of a nephron.

Answer 5

Bowman’s capsule

Question 6

A cuplike part.

Answer 6

Calyx

Question 7

To introduce a catheter into.

Answer 7

Catheterization

Question 8

The part of a nephron that collects the urine from the distal convoluted tubule and discharges it into the pelvis of the kidney.

Answer 8

Collecting tubule

Question 9

Inflammation of the urinary bladder.

Answer 9

Cystitis

Question 10

The portion of the nephron in the vertebrate kidney lying between the loop of Henle and the collecting tubules.

Answer 10

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 11

Is fashioned by skeletal muscles as the urethra passes thorugh the pelvic floor.This sphincter is voluntary controlled.

Answer 11

External urethral sphincter

Question 12

The process of passing a liquid through a filter.

Answer 12

Filtration

Question 13

A tuft of capillaries situated within a Bowman’s capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the kidney that filters waste products from the blood and thus initiates urine formation.

Answer 13

Glomerulus

Question 14

Excretion of glucose in the urine

Answer 14

Glycosuria

Question 15

The inability to control excretory functions.

Answer 15

Incontinence

Question 16

An involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra closed when urine is not being used.

Answer 16

Internal urethral sphincter

Question 17

A pair of bean-shaped organs in the back part of the abdominal cavity that form and excrete urine, regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, and act as endocrine glands.

Answer 17

Kidneys

Question 18

An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder; a lithotrite.

Answer 18

Lithotriptor

Question 19

The part of a nephron between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules that extends, in a loop, from the cortex into the medulla of the kidney.

Answer 19

Loop of Henle

Question 20

The act of passing urine; urination.

Answer 20

Micturition

Question 21

Scantiness of urine due to diminished secretion.

Answer 21

Oliguria

Question 22

Any small, nipplelike process or projection.

Answer 22

Papilla

Question 23

The passing of an excessive quantity of urine.

Answer 23

Polyuria

Question 24

Is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman’s capsule to the loop of Henle.

Answer 24

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 25

A structure or part shaped like a pyramid.

Answer 25

Pyramids

Question 26

The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation.

Answer 26

Reabsorption

Question 27

Sharp pain in the lower back that radiates into the groin; associated with the passage of a renal calculus through the ureter

Answer 27

Renal colic

Question 28

A tuft of glomerular capillaries with the Bowman's capsule that encloses it. Also called malpighian corpuscle .

Answer 28

Renal corpuscle

Question 29

A small funnel-shaped cavity of the kidney into which urine is discharged before passing into the ureter.

Answer 29

Renal pelvis

Question 30

A fold, crease, or wrinkle, as in the lining of the stomach.

Answer 30

Rugae

Question 31

A substance, such as saliva, mucus, tears, bile, or a hormone, that is secreted.

Answer 31

Secretion

Question 32

A triangle or trigonum.

Answer 32

Trigone

Question 33

The accumulation of urinary waste products in the blood. Also called azotemia .

Answer 33

Uremia

Question 34

The long narrow duct that conveys urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Answer 34

Ureters

Question 35

The canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder also called urogenital canal .

Answer 35

Urethra

Question 36

Yellow to amber in color, slightly acidic, and discharged from the body through the urethra.

Answer 36

Urine

Question 37

The passing of urine. Also called emiction , miction , micturition , uresis .

Answer 37

Urination

Question 38

To excrete body wastes

Answer 38

Voiding

Question 39

Combining form meaning bladder.

Answer 39

cyst/o

Question 40

Combining form meaning kidney.

Answer 40

nephr/o

Question 41

Combining form meaning pelvis.

Answer 41

pyel/o

Question 42

Combining form meaning kidney.

Answer 42

ren/o

Question 43

Combining form meaning ureter

Answer 43

ureter/o

Question 44

Combining form meaning urethra

Answer 44

urethr/o