The Diversity of Life Flashcards
(13 cards)
what are 8 characteristics of life
- cellular organization
- reproduction
- metabolism
- homeostasis
- heredity
- response to stimuli
- growth and development
- adaption through evolution
3 options of the origin of life
- generation of complex biomolecules due to
- complex early atmosphere
- deep sea hydrothermal vents - generation of replicating organisms via
- an RNA world
- chelation by mineral world - panspermia
List the scale of nature smallest to largest
- atoms 0.1 nm
- small molecules
- lipids
- proteins
- ribosomes
- viruses
- smallest bacteria
- mitochondria
- most bacteria
- nucleus
- most plant and animal cells
- human egg cells
- frog egg
- chicken egg
- length of some nerve and muscle cells
- human height
size of eukaryote cell
ranges from 10-100 micrometers
size of prokaryote cell
less than 5 micrometers
size of mitochondria
1-10 micrometers
size of chloroplast
2-5 micrometers
what is evolution
when you have organisms that vary, pass on their characteristics and survive differently
what is natural selection
a mechanism of evolution where organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully, passing on advantageous traits to future generations, leading to the evolution of populations over time
what are phylogenetic trees
a diagram that depicts the evolutionary relationships among different species or groups of organisms, showing how they are related through shared ancestry
what are the 3 domains of life
- bacteria
- eukarya
- archaea
what is endosymbiosis
A theory that states that 2 key organelles, first the mitochondria and then the chloroplasts, in eukaryotes are derived from bacteria. Mitochondria are derived from proteobacteria and chloroplasts from cyanobacteria. These bacteria were engulfed by ancestors of eukaryotes and tamed.
what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotes have membrane enclosed organelles
