The Heart

Question 1

What is the same of the serous sac that surrounds the heart?

Answer 1

Pericardium

Question 2

Where does the heart lie?

Answer 2

The mediastinum

Question 3

What is the mediastinum?

Answer 3

The space that separates the two pleural cavities of the thorax

Question 4

What divides the heart into right and left parts?

Answer 4

The septum

Question 5

Which side of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation?

Answer 5

Right

Question 6

Which side of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation?

Answer 6

Left

Question 7

What is the name of the upper chambers of the heart?

Answer 7

Atria / atrium

Question 8

What is the name of the lower chambers of the heart?

Answer 8

Ventricles

Question 9

Which parts of the heart has the thickest muscle?

Answer 9

The walls of the ventricles

Question 10

Which ventricle has the thickest myocardium?

Answer 10

Left ventricle

Question 11

What are the layers of the wall of the heart?

Answer 11

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

Question 12

What is the name of the valves within the chambers of the heart?

Answer 12

Atrioventricular valves (AV)

Question 13

What is the name of the atrioventricular valve in the right side of the heart?

Answer 13

Tricuspid

Question 14

What is the name of the atrioventricular valve in the left side of the heart?

Answer 14

Bicuspid or Mitral

Question 15

What is the name of the fibrous threads that attach the free edge of the AV valves to the papillary muscles of the walls of the ventricles?

Answer 15

Chordae tendineae

Question 16

What is the name of the valves at the base of the major vessels leaving the ventricles?

Answer 16

The semilunar valves

Question 17

What is the function of the semilunar valves?

Answer 17

prevent the flow of blood from the vessels back into the ventricle

Question 18

What is the name of the valve located at the base of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 18

Pulmonary valve

Question 19

What is the name of the valve located at the major vessel leaving the right ventricle?

Answer 19

Pulmonary valve

Question 20

What is the name of the valve located at the base of the aorta?

Answer 20

Aortic valve

Question 21

What is the name of the valve located at the major vessel leaving the left ventricle?

Answer 21

Aortic valve

Question 22

Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?

Answer 22

The Right side

Question 23

Which side of the heart contains oxygenated blood?

Answer 23

The left side

Question 24

What is the name of the major veins that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart?

Answer 24

cranial vena cava and caudal vena cava

Question 25

When the heart contracts where does the blood from the right atrium go?

Answer 25

The Right ventricle

Question 26

When the heart contracts where does the blood from the right ventricle go?

Answer 26

out of the heart via the pulmonary artery

Question 27

Where does blood from the pulmonary artery go?

Answer 27

the the lungs

Question 28

Where does oxygenated blood from the lungs go?

Answer 28

to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins

Question 29

When the heart contracts where does blood from the left atrium go?

Answer 29

the left ventricle

Question 30

When the heart contracts where does blood from the left ventricle go?

Answer 30

the aorta

Question 31

What is the term for the period of contraction within the cardiac cycle?

Answer 31

systole

Question 32

What is the term for the period of relaxation within the cardiac cycle?

Answer 32

diastole

Question 33

What is the name of the mechanism responsible for initiating and coordinating the heart beat?

Answer 33

The conduction system

Question 34

What does inherent contractibility mean?

Answer 34

The heart is able to contract rhythmically and automatically without nervous input.

Question 35

Where does the heart beat begin?

Answer 35

the sinoatrial node (pacemaker)

Question 36

Where is the sinoatrial node located?

Answer 36

the wall of the right atrium, near its junction with the cranial vena cava

Question 37

What is the sinoatrial node?

Answer 37

an area of modified cardiac muscle cells

Question 38

Where does the nerve impulse travel after the sinoatrial node?

Answer 38

to the AV node

Question 39

Where is the AV node located?

Answer 39

at the top of the interventricular septum

Question 40

What is the bundle of his?

Answer 40

specialised nerve fibres that run down the interventricular septum and divide into right and left branches at the bottom of the interventricular septum and spread into the two ventricles.

Question 41

What is the name of the neurons that spread out through the ventricular muscles?

Answer 41

Purkinje Fibres

Question 42

On an ECG reading what does the P wave indicate?

Answer 42

Atrial Systole - SA node sinds signal to both atria causing muscle to contract.

Question 43

On an ECG reading what does the QRS wave indicate?

Answer 43

Ventricular systole - SA node sends signal to AV node which enters the bundle of his to the bundle branches to the purkinje fibres which causes the ventricles to contract.

Question 44

On an EGA reading what does the T wave indicate?

Answer 44

Ventricular diastole - Relaxation