The Musculoskeletal System Ch.4 Flashcards
(212 cards)
1
Q
-physis
A
growth
ex: diaphysis
2
Q
oste/o
A
bone
ex: osteopathy
3
Q
crani/o
A
head, skull
ex: craniometer
4
Q
cervic/o
A
neck
ex: cervical spine
5
Q
spondly/o
A
vertebra
ex: invertebrate or spondlyitis
6
Q
lumb/o
A
loin, lower back
ex: lumbar
7
Q
brachi/o
A
arm
ex: brachiocephalic
8
Q
carp/o
A
wrist
ex: metacarpel
9
Q
dactyl/o
A
finger
ex: adactyly
10
Q
cost/o
A
rib
ex: intercostal
11
Q
femor/o
A
femur (thighbone)
ex: femoral artery
12
Q
tibi/o
A
tibia (shinbone)
ex: tibialgia
13
Q
tars/o
A
ankle
ex: tarsalgia
14
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
ex: chondritis
15
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
ex: arthritis
16
Q
burs/o
A
bursa
ex: bursectomy
17
Q
ten/o
tend/o
tendin/o
A
tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone
ex: tenodynia
18
Q
muscul/o
my/o
myos/o
A
muscle
ex: myopathy
19
Q
fasci/o
A
fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)
ex: fasciitis
20
Q
ton/o
A
tone, tension
ex: dystonia
21
Q
kinesi/o
kinet/o
A
movement, motion
ex: kinesiology
22
Q
tax/o
A
arrangement, order, coordination
ex: ataxia
23
Q
ankyl/o
A
stiff, bent
ex: ankylosis
24
Q
costalgia
A
rib pain
25
metatarsalgia
pain in the bones of the foot
26
ostalgia
ostealgia
bone pain
27
osteodynia
bone pain
28
spondylodynia
vertebra pain
29
tibialgia
tibia (shin) pain
30
anklyosis
joint stiffness
31
arthralgia
joint pain
32
arthrodynia
joint pain
33
cervicodynia
neck pain
34
crepitation
a crackling sound heard in joints
35
genu valgum
knock-kneed
36
genu varum
bowlegged
37
bradykinesia
slow movement
38
dyskinesia
inability to control movement
39
dystaxia
poor coordination
40
dystonia
poor muscle tone
41
graphospasm
writer's cramp
42
hyperkinesia
increase in muscle movement or activity
43
hypertonia
increased muscle tone or tightness
44
hypokinesia
decrease in muscle movement or activity
45
hypotonia
decrease in muscle tone or tightness
46
myalgia
muscle pain
47
myasthenia
muscle weakness
48
myodynia
muscle pain
49
myospasm
muscle spasm
50
tenalgia
tendon pain
51
arthrocentesis
puncture of a joint
52
arthroscope
instrument for looking into a joint
53
arthroscopy
procedure of looking into a joint
54
electromyogram
a record of the electrical activity of a muscle
55
electromyography
procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle
56
myography
procedure for studying muscles
57
arthrogram
visual record of a joint
58
arthrography
procedure used to examine a joint
59
computed axial tomography (CAT or CT)
imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
60
kyphosis
humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
61
lordosis
sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine
62
scoliosis
crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
63
carpitis
wrist inflammation
64
craniomalacia
softening of the skull
65
exostosis
an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
66
fracture
a bone break
67
osteodystrophy
poor bone development
68
osteolysis
bone loss
69
osteonecrosis
death of bone
70
osteosclerosis
abnormal hardening of bone
71
polydactyly
having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes)
72
spondylitis
vertebra inflammation
73
spondylomalacia
softening of the vertebra
74
syndactyly
fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes)
75
tarsoptosis
flat feet
76
bursolith
a stone in a bursa
77
effusion
fluid buildup
78
hemarthrosis
blood in a joint
79
hydrarthrosis
water (fluid) in a joint
80
pyarthrosis
pus in a joint
81
atrophy
underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue
82
hypertrophy
overdevelopment of muscle tissue
83
myocele
hernia of muscle tissue
84
myolysis
loss of muscle tissue
85
myomalacia
softening of a muscle
86
myosclerosis
hardening of a muscle
87
myotasis
stretching of a muscle
88
myotonia
muscle tone
89
ankylosing spondylitis
a stiffening inflammation of the vertebra
90
chondro-osteodystrophy
poor development of bones and cartilage
91
craniosynostosis
the premature fusing of the skull bones
92
dactylitis
finger inflammation
93
hypertrophic spondylitis
overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation
94
osteitis
bone inflammation
95
osteochondritis
inflammation of bone cartilage
96
osteogenesis imperfecta
a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease
97
osteomalacia
softening of bone
98
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
99
osteopathy
bone disease
100
osteopenia
reduction in bone volume
101
osteoporosis
loss of bone density
102
spinal stenosis
abnormal narrowing of the spine
103
spondyloarthropathy
joint disease of the vertebrae
104
spondylolisthesis
the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra
105
spondylolysis
loss of vertebra structure
106
spondylosis
vertebra condition
107
arthritis
joint inflammation
108
rheumatoid arthritis
inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever
109
septic arthritis
inflammation of the joint caused by infection
110
osteoarthritis
inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight
111
arthrocele
hernia of a joint
112
arthrodysplasia
abnormal joint development
113
arthropathy
joint disease
114
arthrosclerosis
hardening of the joints
115
bursitis
inflammation of the bursa
116
bursopathy
disease of the bursa
117
subluxation
partial dislocation of a joint
118
achondroplasia
a defect in the formation of cartilage
119
chondromalacia
abnormal softening of the cartilage
120
costochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage of the rib
121
fasciitis
inflammation of the fascia
122
muscular dystrophy
disorder characterized by poor muscle development
123
myoclonus
violent muscle contraction
124
myopathy
muscle disease
125
myasthenia
muscle weakness
126
myofasciitis
inflammation of muscle and fascia
127
myositis
muscle inflammation
128
necrotizing fasciitis
inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue
129
polymyositis
inflammation of multiple muscles
130
tardive dyskinesia
condition characterized by the loss of muscle control
131
tendinitis
tendonitis
tendon inflammation
(these words are both accepted spellings for the same condition.)
132
chondroma
a tumorlike growth of cartilage tissue
133
myoma
a muscle tumor
134
myosarcoma
a cancerous muscle tumor
135
osteocarcinoma
bone cancer tumor
136
osteochondroma
a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage
137
osteosarcoma
cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells.
138
analgesic
a drug that relieves pain
139
antiarthritic
a drug that opposes joint inflammation
140
anti-inflammatory
a drug that opposes inflammation
141
antipyretic
a drug that opposes fever
142
orthotics
a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body
143
prosthesis
a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function
144
carpectomy
removal of all or part of the wrist
145
costectomy
removal of a rib
146
craniectomy
removal of a portion of the skull
(the piece of bone that was removed to allow surgical access to the brain is NOT replaced
147
craniotomy
removal of a portion of the skull
(the piece of bone that was removed to allow surgical access to the brain is replaced.)
148
external fixation
the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e., using casts, splints, stabilizers)
149
internal fixation
the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e., using screws, pins, plates)
150
closed reduction
returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery
151
open reduction
returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery
152
metacarpectomy
removal of a bone in the hand
153
ostectomy
osteectomy
removal of a bone
154
osteoclasia
the surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity)
155
osteoplasty
reconstruction of a bone
156
osteotomy
incision
157
spondylosyndesis
fusing together of multiple vertebrae
158
sternotomy
incision into the sternum
159
tarsectomy
removal of all or a portion of the ankle
160
tarsoclasia
surgical fracture of the ankle (i.e., to treat clubfoot)
161
arthrectomy
removal of a joint
162
arthroclasia
the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility
163
arthrodesis
a surgical fixation of a joint
164
arthrolysis
loosening a stiff joint
165
arthroplasty
reconstruction of a joint
166
arthrotomy
incison into a joint
167
bursectomy
removal of a bursa
168
bursotomy
incision into a bursa
169
chondrectomy
removal of cartilage
170
chrondroplasty
reconstruction of cartilage
171
fasciectomy
removal of fascia
172
fasciodesis
binding of fascia
173
fascioplasty
reconstruction of fascia
174
fasciorrhaphy
suturing of fascia
175
fasciotomy
incision into fascia
176
myectomy
removal of muscle
177
myodesis
binding of a muscle
178
myomectomy
removal of a muscle tumor
179
myoplasty
muscle reconstruction
180
myorrhaphy
muscle suture
181
myotomy
incision into muscle
182
tendectomy
removal of a tendon
183
tendoplasty
reconstruction of tendon
184
tenodesis
binding of a tendon
185
tenolysis
freeing/loosening a tendon
186
tenonectomy
removal of a tendon
187
tenoplasty
reconstruction of a tendon
188
tenorrhaphy
suture of a tendon
189
tenotomy
incision into a tendon
190
Hx
history
191
Fx
fracture
192
Tx
traction or treatment
193
ACL
anterior cruciate ligament
194
MCL
medial collateral ligament
195
LCL
lateral collateral ligament
196
PCL
posterior cruciate ligament
197
C1-C7
cervical (of the neck) vertebrae
198
T1-T12
thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae
199
L1-L5
lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae
200
S1-S5
sacral vertebrae
201
DTR
deep tendon reflex
(what drs are testing when they tap your knee with a reflex hammer)
202
EMG
electromyogram
203
FROM
full range of motion
204
NSAID
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
205
OA
osteoarthritis
206
ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
207
PT
physical therapy
208
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
209
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation
210
ROM
range of motion
211
WB
weight bearing
212
WBAT
weight bearing as tolerated
