The Nerve And Arterial Supply To The Lower Limb

Question 1

Where does the spinal cord terminate?

Answer 1

Conus Medullaris

Question 2

What are the names of the roots from which the peripheral spinal nerve emerges from the spinal cord?

Answer 2

Ventral and dorsal root

Question 3

What does the dorsal root of the spinal cord do?

Answer 3

Carries sensory information to the spinal cord

Question 4

What does the dorsal root ganglia contain?

Answer 4

Sensory cell bodies

Question 5

What does the ventral root of the spinal cord do?

Answer 5

Carries motor information from the anterior horn cells

Question 6

What is a dermatome?

Answer 6

An area of the skin supplied by a single spinal nerve or spinal cord level

Question 7

Describe the position of the Inguinal tunnel

Answer 7

Between deep to inguinal ligament and anterior aspect of pelvis and acetabulum

Question 8

Name 2 nerves that exit via the inguinal tunnel

Answer 8

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Femoral nerve

Question 9

Name the main branches of the limbo-sacral plexus

Answer 9

Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Sciatic nerve
Superficial and inferior gluteal nerve

Question 10

Where do the Lumbar Plexus lay?

Answer 10

Within the posterior part of Psoas Major

Question 11

What does the Lumbar Plexus supply?

Answer 11

The abdominal wall and lower extremities

Question 12

Name the branches of the Lumbar plexus

Answer 12

Muscular branches
Femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
Ilio-hypogastric
Ilio-inguinal
Gntiofemoral
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

Question 13

What does the femoral nerve supply in the pelvis?

Answer 13

Illiacus
Pectineus

Question 14

What does the femoral nerve supply in its anterior branch?

Answer 14

Sartorius
Intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh
Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh

Question 15

What does the femoral nerve supply in its posterior branch?

Answer 15

Saphenous nerve
Quadriceps

Question 16

Where does the Obturator nerve originate?

Answer 16

Ventral branches of L2 - L4

Question 17

Where does the Obturator nerve exit the pelvis via?

Answer 17

Obturator Foramen

Question 18

What does the Obturator nerve supply?

Answer 18

Adductor Magnus
Adduction Longus
Adductor Brevis
Gracilis
Pectineus
Obturator Externus
Medial side of thigh
Knee and hip joint

Question 19

Where does the iliohypogastric nerve originate?

Answer 19

L1

Question 20

What does iliohypogastric nerve innervate?

Answer 20

Skin over lower abdomen above the pubis, lower back, hip
Transversus Abdominis
Internal and external oblique

Question 21

Where does the ilio-inguinal nerve originate?

Answer 21

L1

Question 22

What does the ilio-inguinal nerve innervate?

Answer 22

Skin of external genitalia
Proximal medial aspect of thigh
Transversus Abdominis
Obliques

Question 23

Where does the genitofemoral nerve originate?

Answer 23

L1-L2

Question 24

What does the genitofemoral nerve innervate?

Answer 24

Anterior thigh to inguinal region

Question 25

Where does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh originate?

Answer 25

L2 -L3 (Passes under the inguinal ligament medial to the ASIS)

Question 26

What does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh innervate?

Answer 26

Lateral skin of thigh

Question 27

What are the branches of sacral plexus?

Answer 27

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1) Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5-S2) Quadratus Femoris and Gemellus Inferior (L4-S1) Obturator Internus and Gemellus Superior (L5-S2) Piriformis (S1-S2)

Question 28

What is the largest nerve in the body?

Answer 28

Sciatic nerve

Question 29

What 2 nerves does the sciatic nerve consist of?

Answer 29

Tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve

Question 30

Where does the sciatic nerve leave the pelvis via?

Answer 30

Greater sciatic notch, most commonly inferior to Piriformis

Question 31

What does the sciatic nerve innervate?

Answer 31

Hamstrings Adductor Magnus (Ischial head)

Question 32

What does the superior Gluteal nerve innervate?

Answer 32

Gluteus Medius and Minimus TFL

Question 33

What does the inferior Gluteal Nerve innervate?

Answer 33

Gluteus Maximus

Question 34

Where do the divisions of the sciatic nerve occur?

Answer 34

Approximately lower 1/3 of posterior thigh

Question 35

What does the tibial nerve supply?

Answer 35

Popliteus Plantaris Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior FHL FDL (All of the superficial and deep posterior compartments of calf)

Question 36

What does the aural nerve supply?

Answer 36

The skin over the lateral side of the lower third of the leg

Question 37

What does the aural nerve derive from?

Answer 37

Branches from both tibial and common peroneal nerves

Question 38

What does the superficial peroneal Nerve innervate?

Answer 38

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Skin over lateral leg

Question 39

What does the deep peroneal nerve innervate?

Answer 39

Dorsiflexors Tibialis Anterior EHL EDL Peroneus tertius Ankle joint

Question 40

What is the name of the major artery supplying the lower limb which is a continuation of the external iliac artery?

Answer 40

Femoral artery

Question 41

When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

Answer 41

As the vessel passes under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle

Question 42

When does the femoral artery become the Popliteal artery posterior to the knee?

Answer 42

When it travels through the adductor hiatus

Question 43

What is the name of the major artery that supplies the leg and foot and enters the posterior compartment of the leg from the Popliteal fossa?

Answer 43

Popliteal artery

Question 44

In the posterior compartment, what does the popliteal artery divide into?

Answer 44

The anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery

Question 45

Which artery enters the foot through tarsal tunnel on medial side of ankle and posterior to medial malleoulus?

Answer 45

Posterior tibial artery