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Anatomy > The Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

The Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the shoulder girdle?

A

The bones, joints and muscles associated with the suspension of the upper limb on the trunk

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2
Q

What is the shoulder?

A

The area of articulation of the upper limb with its girdle

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3
Q

name the bones of the shoulder girdle

A

Scapula and clavicle

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4
Q

What are the joints of the shoulder girdle (names)?

A

Acromiclavicular joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Scapula-thoracic junction

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5
Q

What is the clavicle?

A

A strut to hold the scapula and therefore the numerous out to the side of the body away from the thorax

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6
Q

What Does the medial end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

Sternum

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7
Q

What does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

The acromion of the scapula

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8
Q

What are the key points on the clavicle?

A

Deltoid tuberosity
Trapezoid line and conoid tubercle
Subclavian groove
Costal tuberosity

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9
Q

What attaches at the deltoid tubercle?

A

Anterior fibres of deltoid

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10
Q

What attaches at the trapezoid line and conoid tubercle?

A

The coracoclavicular ligament

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11
Q

What is the subclavian groove for?

A

The subclavian vessels

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12
Q

What attaches at the costal tuberosity?

A

Costocalvicular ligament

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13
Q

Describe the scapula

A

A classic flat bone, there for protection of the thoracic cavity and multiple anchor points for many muscles

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14
Q

What are the names of the 3 borders of the scapula?

A

Medial, lateral and superior

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15
Q

What are the names of the two angles of the scapula?

A

Inferior and superior

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16
Q

What are the names of the 2 surfaces of the scapula?

A

Costal/anterior
Dorsal/posterior

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17
Q

What are the names of the 3 bones processes of the scapula?

A

The head, acromion process, coracoid process

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18
Q

What are the names of the fossae of the scapula?

A

Supraspinopus and infraspinous

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19
Q

Where is the acromioclavicular join found?

A

It is the junction between the lateral end of the clavicle and the medial facing aspect of the acromion process

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20
Q

What type of joint is the acromiclavicular joint?

A

Synovial plane joint

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21
Q

What movements occur at the acromioclavicular joint?

A

Very small glides of acromion on clavicle

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22
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

Synovial saddle joint

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23
Q

What muscles are involved in elevation of the shoulder girdle?

A

Upper fibres of Trapezius
Levator Scapulae

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24
Q

What muscles are involved in depression of the shoulder girdle?

A

Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Minor

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25
What muscles are involved in protraction of the shoulder girdle?
Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Minor
26
What muscles are involved in retraction of the shoulder girdle?
Rhomboid major Rhomboid Minor Middle Trapezius
27
What muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the shoulder girdle?
Upper and lower fibres of Trapezius Serratus Anterior
28
What muscles are involved in medial rotation of the shoulder girdle?
The Rhomboids Pectoralis Minor Levator Scapulae
29
Name the muscles acting on the shoulder girdle
Subclavius Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major Serratus Anterior Trapezius Levator Scapular Rhomboid Major Rhomboid Minor
30
What is the innervation of subclavius?
Subclavian nerve C5,6
31
What is the main function of subclavius?
Steadies the clavicle
32
What is Pectoralis Minor deep to?
Pectoralis Major
33
Where is the origin of Pectoralis Minor?
Ribs 3,4 and 5
34
Where does Pectoralis minor insert?
Coracoid process of the scapula
35
What is the innervation of Pectoralis Minor?
Medial Pectoral nerve C8
36
What are the actions of Pectoralis Minor?
Protracts and medially rotates the scapular against resistance
37
Where does Serratus Anterior insert ?
Outer surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs
38
Where does Serratus Anterior originate ?
Costal surface of medial border of scapula
39
What is the innervation of Serratus Anterior?
Long thoracic nerve C5-7
40
What are the actions of Serratus Anterior?
Protraction and lateral rotation of scapula
41
Where does trapezius originate?
Superior unchallenged line and external occipital protuberance of the occipital bone Spinous processes of C7-T12 and Supraspinous ligament
42
Where do upper fibres of trapezius insert?
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
43
Where do middle fibres of trapezius insert?
Acromion and spine of scapula
44
Where do the lower fibres of trapezius insert?
Medial end of scapular spine
45
What are the actions of the upper fibres of trapezius?
Elevation of the shoulder girdle Lateral (side) flexion of the neck Both together (extension of neck)
46
What is the action of the middle fibres of trapezius?
Retraction of shoulder girdle
47
What is the action of the lower fibres of trapezius?
Depression of the scapula against resistance
48
What is the action of the upper and lower fibres of trapezius together (with Serratus anterior)?
Lateral rotation of the scapula to increase range of movement of upper limb
49
What are the functional activities of trapezius?
Steadies scapula Provides fixation Produces lateral rotation of scapula Produces retraction of scapula Produces depression of scapula against resistance
50
Where does Levator scapulae originate?
Transverse processes of C1,2,3,4
51
Where does Levator scapular insert?
Superior portion of the medial border of scapula
52
What is the nerve supply of levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapulae nerve
53
What are the actions of levator scapulae?
Elevation and medial rotation
54
Where does rhomboid minor originate?
C7 and T1 spinous processes and Supraspinous ligament
55
Where does rhomboid minor insert?
Medial border of scapula spine
56
Where does rhomboid major originate?
T2-T5 spinous processes and Supraspinous ligament
57
Where does rhomboid major insert?
Medial border, inferior to the scapula spine
58
What is the nerve supply of the rhomboids?
Dorsal capsule nerve C4-5
59
What are the actions of the rhomboids?
Retraction and medial rotation of scapula
60
How does the shoulder girdle increase range of activity of upper limb?
Changes position of the glenoid fossa, relative to chest wall Clavicle holds shoulder away from chest wall
61
Why is the shoulder girdle important?
Increases range of activity of upper limb Clavicle absorbs tension and compression stresses
62
Name the 7 muscle acting on the shoulder girdle
Subclavius Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Trapezius Levator scapulae Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor
63
What are the functions of trapezius?
Stabilises scapula and clavicle Facilitates upper limb movement above head
64
Hat is the nerve supply of trapezius?
Accessory nerve C3/4 nerve roots

Anatomy (15 decks)

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