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Anatomy And Physiology II > The Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Reproductive System Flashcards

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0
Q

Where are the testicles located?

A

Originate in fetus in abdominal cavity by kidneys. Work down through inguinal canal

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1
Q

What are the six parts of the male reproductive system?

A

Testicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral, penis, os penis, prepuce

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2
Q

What is the inguinal canal?

A

Passage though the abdominal muscles

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3
Q

What is kryptorhid?

A

Testicles never dropped

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4
Q

Why is it bad if the testicles are kryptorhid?

A

Can become cancerous because sperm is to warm

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5
Q

What is the function of the testicles?

A

Spermatogenisis

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6
Q

What is the raphe?

A

Extension of scrotal tissue that extends inward and separated the right and left testicle

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7
Q

What is the septum?

A

Section of raphe between the testicles

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8
Q

What is the Darry’s muscle?

A

Layer of muscle under the skin of the scrotum that wraps around both testicles to bring then up

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9
Q

What is the tunica Albigenea?

A

White fibrous capsule that is deep to the Dartus muscle and directly surrounds the testicle. Folds that extend inward toward the center if the teaticles

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10
Q

What is the testicular lobule?

A

Folds if the tunica albuginea that extend inward and contain semi inferiors tubules

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11
Q

What happens in the testies?

A

Spermatogenisis

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12
Q

What are sertoli cells?

A

Produce liquid that is high in nutrients that protect and preserve nerve cells

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13
Q

What are leydig cells aka?

A

Interstitial cells

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14
Q

What are leydig cells?

A

Around the tubules produce testosterone

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15
Q

What are the straight tubules?

A

Lead to the center tubule called rete tetes

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16
Q

What is the epididymis?

A

Very long, has head body and tail

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17
Q

What is the spermatic cord?

A

Connection of testicle to the body and originated from internal oblique

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18
Q

What is the cremaster muscle?

A

Thin layer of muscle that wraps around entire cord. Works w/ Dartus muscle

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19
Q

What does the inguinal canal join?

A

Urinary bladder

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20
Q

What is the prostate gland?

A

Gland that wraps around the cranial portion of the urethra

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21
Q

What does the prostate gland do?

A

Produces acidic fluid that empties into the urethra before and animal ejaculates

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22
Q

What is the bulbourethral gland?

A

Adds slightly alkaline secretion into the urethra

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23
Q

What are the enteral female parts?

A

Ovaries, uterus, vagina, vulva

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24
What is the function if the ovaries?
Production of hormones and oocytes
25
What a the ovarian bursa?
Small little cyst that creates a cavity for each ovary
26
What is the stroma?
Equivalent of parenchyma supports each follicle
27
What is the follicle?
Compartment that contains an egg
28
What is the zona pellucid a?
Glycoprotien membrane which directly surrounds the egg
29
What is the corona radiata
Group of cells called granulosa cells. Produce estrogen and progesterone. Will multiple and follicle developes
30
Where does fertilization occur?
Oviduct
31
What are the oviducts?
Fallopian tubes
32
What are the fimbrae?
Little finger like structures that wrap around the ovary
33
What is the infundibulum?
Where the fimbrae pull the eggs into
34
What is a primordial follicle?
Follicle that hasn't developed/ been effected by FSH
35
What is a primary follicle?
Stimulated by FSH
36
What is a primary oocyte?
Very young age
37
What is a secondary oocyte?
Not as young
38
What Is a Graafian follicle?
Full grown follicle
39
What is the corpus hemorrhagicum?
Ruptures in response to LH
40
What is the corpus luteum?
If egg is fertilized, corpus luteum will stay active and granulosa cells will begin producing progesterone
41
What is progesterone?
Helps body maintain a pregnancy, if not fertilized LH will stop releasing which will shut down corpus luteum which will end production of progesterone
42
What is the corpus albican?
Small amount of scar tissue
43
What is the endometrium?
Inside layer, fairly thin but vasculature layer of the uterine wall
44
What is the myometrium?
Middle layer, thick and musculature
45
What is the perimetrium?
Putter layer of uterus
46
What are broad ligaments?
Large flat sheets of perimetrium which anchor the ovary, ooviduct, and part of the uterine horns to the body wall
47
What are the suspension ligaments?
Anchor the ovary high up in the abdominal cavity
48
What are the ovarian ligaments?
Attach the ovary to the uterus
49
What is the estrus cycle?
Time from beginning of one heat cycle until the time of the next one, varies from species to species.
50
What is poly estrous?
Continuous cycles while the animal is not pregnant. Happens multiple times a year
51
What is seasonally poly estrous?
Cycle continuously only during certain times of the year
52
What animals are seasonally poly estrous?
Cats, horses, sheep
53
What is diestrous?
Two heat cycles per year
54
What animals are diestrous?
Dogs in spring and fall
55
What is moneatrous?
1 heat cycle per year
56
What are the five stages of the estrous cycle?
Anestrus, pro estrus, estrus, met estrus, diestrous
57
What happens during pro estrous?
Follicular development, increased estrogen output, thickening of oviduct and uterine lining, think leaning of vaginal lining
58
What is estrus stage?
True heat phase, estrogen will change the behavior of female so they are more receptive to males
59
What is metestrus?
Formation of corpus luteum from original follicle, production of progesterone from granulosa cells of follicle, increased vasculature of endometrium
60
What is diestrous?
Corpus luteum is only maintained if ova is fertilized. If not cl degenerates.
61
What is pseudocyesis?
False pregnancy from misfiring of hormones
62
What are exchanged through the placenta?
Nutrients, wastes, gasses
63
What are the three layers of the placenta?
Chorion, allantois, amnion
64
What is the chorion?
Linked to fetus by umbilical chord
65
What is the allantois?
Sac filled with amniotic fluid that suspends amniotic sac
66
What is the almnion?
Sac filled with amniotic fluid and suspends fetus

Anatomy And Physiology II (6 decks)

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