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Anatomy & Physiology > The Senses > Flashcards

The Senses Flashcards

0
Q

What do the eyelashes do

A

Prevent foreign material getting in the eye

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1
Q

What are the four major special sense

A

Taste
Smell
Sight
Hearing

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2
Q

What do the eye lids do

A

Blinking keeps the eye lubricated and removes dust

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3
Q

The conjunctiva is made of

A

Epithelial layer

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4
Q

Which gland continually produces tears

A

Lacrimal

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5
Q

The eyeball is made up of three layers:

A

Fibrous
Vascular
Neural

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6
Q

Which layer of the eye contains the sclera and cornea

A

Fibrous tunic

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7
Q

What is the white of the eye

A

Sclera

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8
Q

What is the transparent layer than covers the iris and pupil

A

Cornea

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9
Q

Which muscles enable you to move your eye

A

Extraoccular

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10
Q

Which layer of the eye contains blood vessels and smooth muscle

A

Vascular tunic

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11
Q

What consists of the iris, ciliary body and choroid

A

Vascular tunic

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12
Q

Which layer of the eye contains photoreceptors

A

Neural tunic

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13
Q

What are the photoreceptors in the eye called

A

Rods and cones

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14
Q

What are more numerous rods or cones

A

Rods

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15
Q

What provides colour vision

A

Cones

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16
Q

Which photoreceptors require more light

A

Cones

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17
Q

Which nerve leaves the back of the eye

A

Optic nerve

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18
Q

What can you use to view the retina

A

Ophthalmoscope

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19
Q

What is the optic disc

A

Site where the optic nerve leaves the eye. No photoreceptors are present therefore also called the blind spot

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20
Q

The posterior cavity of the eye is filled with

A

Vitreous humour

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21
Q

What maintains the pressure within the eye

A

Vitreous humour

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22
Q

What does the anterior cavity contain

A

Aqueous humour

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23
Q

How often is the aqueous humour replaced

A

Every 90mins

24
Q

What allows light into the eye

A

Iris

25
Q

What focuses the light on the retina

A

Cornea, lens and humours

26
Q

When light strikes the retina what happens

A

Action potentials are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve

27
Q

Where do the two optic nerves connect

A

Optic chiasma

28
Q

What is the fleshy outside section of the ear called

A

Auricle

29
Q

What happens at the auricle

A

Sound waves are collected

30
Q

The external acoustic (auditory) meatus is lined with

A

Hairs and ceruminous glands

31
Q

What do ceruminous glands produce

A

Ear wax

32
Q

What is the Tympanic membrane

A

Eardrum

33
Q

When sound waves reach the tympanic membrane what do the cause

A

Vibrations

34
Q

The middle ear is separated from the external ear by the

A

Tympanic membrane

35
Q

The middle ear is separated from the inner ear by the

A

Oval and round windows

36
Q

Where would you find the malleus, incus and stapes

A

Middle ear

37
Q

The 3 auditory ossicles in the inner ear transmit vibrations from … to ….

A

Tympanic membrane to the oval window

38
Q

The tympanic membrane is X times larger than the oval window

A

20 times

39
Q

Which part of the ear is he nasopharynx connected to

A

Middle ear

40
Q

Which part of the inner ear is connected with hearing

A

Cochlear

41
Q

The cochlear is connected with

A

Hearing

42
Q

What parts of the inner ear are concerned with balance

A

Vestibule and semicircular canals

43
Q

Which nerve transmits information about balance and hearing to the brain

A

Vestibulococchlear

44
Q

Where would you find the primary auditory cortex

A

Temporal lobe

45
Q

What cells make up the nasal cavity

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lined with goblet cells

46
Q

Where would you find the primary olfactory cortex

A

Temporal lobe

47
Q

What is anosmia

A

Inability to smell

48
Q

Odorants enter the nasal cavity and dissolve in the

A

Mucous

49
Q

Where are taste buds located

A

Tongue
Soft palate
Pharynx
Epiglottis

50
Q

How many taste cells do taste buds contain

A

40

51
Q

What are the 5 basic tastes

A 
Sweet
Sour
Salty
Bitter
Umami
52
Q

Where would you find papillae

A

Tongue

53
Q

What are the 3 sensory axons for taste

A

Facial

Glossopharyngeal

Vagus

54
Q

Where would you find the taste cortex

A

Partial lobe

55
Q

What is ageusia

A

Loss of taste

56
Q

What is hypogeusia

A

Partial loss of taste

57
Q

What is dysgeusia

A

Distortion of taste

Anatomy & Physiology (16 decks)

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