The Skeletal System (w10) Flashcards
What are the 5 main functions of the skeletal system ?
1) support
2) protection
3) assistance in movement
4) mineral storage and release
5) blood cell production
What are the axial bone and how many are there ?
They are bones along the axis
- around 80 bones
-houses vital parts of body
What are appendicular bones and how many are there ?
- appendage
-126 bones
-allow for locomotion
Function of cartilage ….
Protects joints
Function of tendons …
Connects muscles to bone
Function of ligaments …
Connects bones to bones
What are the 5 types of bones ?
- sesamoid (lie within tendons)
- short bones
- flat bones
- long bones
- irregular bones
What are features of compact section of a bone ?
- dense and solid in appearance
- protection and strength
-repeating circular units (osteons)
What are features of cancellous (spongy bone) ?
characterized by open space partially filled with needle-like structures = trabeculae
Strength without weight
What are Epiphyses (plura) ?
The sections found at both ends of long bone, it is cancellous (spongy).
- articulate cartilage (epiphyses) is a layer of cartilage that cushions jolts and blows.
What are the 4 main types of bone cells ?
- progenitor cells
- osteoblasts
- osteocytes
- osteoclasts
What is an osteoblast cell ?
A bone forming cell found in all bone surfaces in process called osteogenesis/ ossification
It secrets organic component called collagen.
What are osteocyte cells ?
They are differentiates mature non-dividing osteoblasts which sense what is happening in the bone. They are trapped in lacuna and mainly act as mechanoreceptors in mineral homeostasis.
What are osteoclast cells ?
Giant cells which resorb bone through dissolving mineral and breaking down collagen. They are classed as the macrophages of the bone and develop form blood cells called monocytes and macrophages.
What is bone remodeling ?
The removal of existing bone using osteoclast cells and the deposition of new bone by osteoblast cells.
