The social animal Flashcards
(22 cards)
what is social facilitation
the tendency for individuals to perform differently when in the presence of others compared to alone
who first studied social facilitation
Triplett 1898
what did Triplett 1898 find
cyclists rode faster when competing against others than when riding alone
what can be concluded from Triplett 1898 finding on cyclists riding faster with others
competition improves performance
who argued against Triplett 1898 saying that it is just the presence of others
Allport 1920
what did Allport 1920 do in their study
ppts completed a test alongside other people completing a test
no direct competition
who later proposed the drive theory
Zajonc 1965
what is Zajoncs 1965 drive theory
the presence of others can influence our performance by increasing the level of arousal
what did Zajonc 1965 believe the effect of arousal on performance was based on
the type of task
complex - increased arousal = mistakes
simple - increased arousal = good performance
after the drive theory, what theory came next
the evaluation apprehension model
who created the evaluation apprehension model
Cottrell 1972
what is Cottrell 1972 evaluation apprehension model
the presence of others affects a persons performance because they are concerned about being evaluated
what theory came after evaluation comprehension model for social facilitation
distraction-conflict theory
who created the distraction-conflict theory
Baron 1986
what is Baron 1986 distraction-conflict theory
the presence of others can be distracting due to the conflict between focusing on the task and attending to the people around you
what is the auto kinetic effect
visual illusion where a stationary point of light in a dark room appears to move
who completed a study on the auto kinetic effect
Sheriff 1935
alongside Aschs 1951 study, what did Sheriff 1935 find from his autokinetic effect study
norm formation
who studied into minority influence
Moscovici 1976
what did Moscovici 1976 do in his study
36 slides that change in the colour blue
confederates say some were green
8.5% conformed
alongside his slide study (1976), what did Moscovici (1980) propose
the dual process model
what is moscovici 1980 dual process model
majority influence = compliance
minority influence = conversion
