The Solid Earth - Chapter 1: The Rock Cycle

Question 1

One means of viewing many of the interrelationships of geology

Answer 1

The rock cycle

Question 2

Three basic rock types

Answer 2

Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary

Question 3

The father of modern geology

Answer 3

James Hutton

Question 4

This type of rock originates with molten material cools and solidifies

Answer 4

Igneous

Question 5

Molten material that cools and solidifies

Answer 5

Magma

Question 6

The process of magma cooling and solidifying

Answer 6

Crystallization

Question 7

Where are two places crystallization may occur?

Answer 7

Beneath Earth’s surface

At the surface (after eruption)

Question 8

The earth’s crust (primitive) was thought to consist entirely of _____ rocks

Answer 8

Igneous

Question 9

What does metamorphic rock turn to when it melts?

Answer 9

Magma

Question 10

What does magma become when it cools and solidifies?

Answer 10

Igneous rock

Question 11

What does igneous rock become when it is weathered and transported/deposited

Answer 11

Sediment

Question 12

What does sediment become when it is cemented and compacted?

Answer 12

Sedimentary rock

Question 13

What does sedimentary rock become when heat and pressure is added?

Answer 13

Metamorphic rock

Question 14

What does metamorphic rock become when it is weathered, transported, and deposited?

Answer 14

Sediment

Question 15

What does sedimentary rock become when it is weathered, transported, and deposited?

Answer 15

Sediment

Question 16

What does igneous rock become under heat and pressure?

Answer 16

Metamorphic rock

Question 17

The application of heat and pressure

Answer 17

Metamorphism

Question 18

The cementation and compaction of sediment

Answer 18

Lithification

Question 19

What are the nonsilicate mineral groups?

Answer 19

Oxides
Sulfides
Sulfates
Native elements
Halides
Carbonates

Question 20

The group containing hematite, magnetite, corundum, ice

Answer 20

Oxides

Question 21

The group containing galena, sphalerite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite

Answer 21

Sulfides

Question 22

The group containing gypsum anhydrite

Answer 22

Sulfates

Question 23

The group containing gold, copper, diamond, sulfur, graphite

Answer 23

Native elements

Question 24

Group containing calcite, dolomite, and malachite

Answer 24

Carbonates

Question 25

The process in which the atmospheric influences disintegrate and decompose the rock

Answer 25

Weathering

Question 26

After weathering, the resulting material will be picked up, transported, and deposited by _____ agents

Answer 26

Erosional

Question 27

The name of the remnants of weathering

Answer 27

Sediment

Question 28

If sedimentary rock is buried deep within the earth or involved in orogeny it will be subjected to _____

Answer 28

pressure and heat

Question 29

term used to indicate the purity of gold

Answer 29

karat

Question 30

term used to describe weight of precious gems

Answer 30

carat