Theories of human development Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the Modernisation Rostow Model?
Rostow believed that economies of developed countries move through 5 stages of economic development and that to be a global superpower, a country must move through all the stages
Name all the stages in the Modernisation Rostow Model?
The Traditional Society, pre-conditions take off, take off, the drive to maturity and then high mass consumption
What was the Modernisation Rostow Model used to explain?
It is used to explain the British Empires dominance of the USA. He believed that countries economies grew in 5 stages.
Rostow believed that each stage was achieved through…
the use of free trade, capitalism and democracy
Rostow believed that the USSR and China would not expect to…
develop without following this model. As a result developing countries began to invest in key infrastructure in order to develop
Modernisation theory is where countries move from relative underdevelopment to a state of…
high mass consumption
what does modernisation theory tell the story of?
It tells the story of a developing capitalist growth society
What does modernisation theory state would happen if investment is placed into the country?
If investment is given then they should follow the 5 steps to develop
What is a critique of the Modernsation Rostow model?
It does not acknowledge how developing countries really develop through the use of loans and aid
Is the modernisation rostow theory outdated?
The theory is now outdated because China and India have developed, but it can be argued that they have missed some stages
What is dependency theory?
It is based on the notion that there is a group of wealthy states (core) and a periphery of poor underdeveloped states (third world). Resources are extracted by the core from the periphery to sustain economic growth
According to dependency, theory poverty and underdevelopment in the peripheral states is not the result of…
tradition or backwardness
The very success of the core states is the cause of…
underdevelopment in the periphery. This is because of the coercive and exploitative manner by which the peripheral states have been integrated into the global economy
Who developed dependency theory?
Andre Gunder Frank, a left-wing economist
Frank saw periphery countries providing a range of services to core countries such as:
-cheap goods such as oil, copper, coffee
-Labour in the form of migration, especially “brain drain”
-Markets for manufactured goods such as HEP dams and mines
The dependency theory illustrates how countries can develop using…
exploitation of cheap resources
What does dependency theory clearly take into account?
It takes into account the differences and inequality between the rich and the poor
What is a weakness of dependency theory?
The theory is far too simple to explain the development of countries around the world
What does the dependency theory suggest underdevelopment is always due to?
Exploitation from the core but can also be due to poor leadership, climate etc
Despite depedency theory, India and China…
have developed rapidly despite being the cheap manufacturing countries for the world
What does depenency theory not take into account?
It does not take into account different regions, only countries
When did Wallerstein develop the world systems theory?
1974
What did Wallerstein’s world systems theory divide the world into?
Core, semi-periphery and periphery
When does Wallerstein’s world systems theory state the core is developed?
It was developed in the 18th and 19th centuries
