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TISSUES Flashcards

1
Q

a group of similar cells

A

TISSUES

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2
Q

WHAT ARE THE FOUR PRIMARY TYPES OF TISSUE

A
  1. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
  2. CONNECTIVE TISSUE
  3. MUSCULAR/MUSCLE TISSUE
  4. NERVOUS TISSUE
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3
Q

provides a COVERING (skin,
the linings of the various passages inside the body).

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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4
Q

SUPPORTS other tissues and binds them together (bone, blood, and lymph tissues).

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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5
Q

includes striated (also called
voluntary) muscles that move the skeleton, and smooth muscle, such as the muscles that surround the stomach.

A

Muscle Tissue

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6
Q

is made up of nerve cells (neurons) and is used to carry “messages” to and from various parts of the body.

A

Nervous Tissue

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7
Q

Covers internal and external surfaces

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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8
Q

Fuse cells together tightly so that passing of substances between cells are prevented

A

CELL JUNCTIONS

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9
Q

mechanically binds the cells together; contain protein filaments that serve as carrier molecules

A

Desmosomes

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10
Q

binds cells to the
basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes

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11
Q
  • areas where the membranes of two adjacent cells join together to form a barrier; it regulates the flow of solutes and liquids according to their charge and size
A

TIGHT JUNCTION

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12
Q

help the tight junctions anchor
the epithelial cells to each other

A

Adhesion belts

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13
Q

allow for the transfer of low
molecular-weight substances, ions, and electrical signals between adjacent cells

A

GAP JUNCTION

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14
Q

has only one cell layer where every cell is in direct contact with the underlying basement membrane.

A

Simple epithelium

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15
Q

What are the 2 classifications of epithelial tissue by layer

A

Simple and Stratified

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16
Q

contain two or more layers of cells.

A

stratified epithelial tissue

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17
Q

Single layer of cube-like cells.

A

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

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18
Q

What are the 4 classifications of epithelial tissue by shape

A
  1. Cuboidal
  2. Squamous
  3. Columnar
  4. Transitional
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19
Q

Single layer of tall, thin cells.

A

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

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20
Q

Flat or squashed

A

Squamous

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21
Q

Main characteristic is
the square

A

Cuboidal

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22
Q

Rectangular cell
appearance

A

Columnar

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23
Q

Rounded ends of cell
layering similar to
stratified

A

Transitional

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24
Q

Single layer of flat hexagonal cell.

A

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

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25
Q

Single layer of tall cells - while some cells reach the free surface, other do not, making it appear stratified

A

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

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26
Q

Several layers of cells that are cuboidal in the basal layer and progressively flattened toward the surface

A

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

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27
Q

Several layers of cuboidal epithelial cells.

A

STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

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28
Q

More than one layer of epithelial cells, but only the surface cells are columnar; deeper layer cells are irregular or cuboidal in shape

A

STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

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29
Q

consists of five or more layers of cuboidal or columnar cells.

A

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

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30
Q

A diverse primary tissue type that makes up part of every organ in the body

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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31
Q

an intricate network composed of an array of multidomain macromolecules organized in a cell/tissue-specific manner

A

Extracellular Matrix

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32
Q

create the matrix

A

Blast

33
Q

maintain the matrix

A

Cytes

34
Q

break it down

A

Clasts

35
Q

WBCs capable of ingesting foreign substances

A

Macrophages

36
Q
  • releases chemicals like
    histamine that promotes
    inflammation
A

Mast cells

37
Q

Shapeless background which holds the cells and protein fibers

A

GROUND SUBSTANCE

38
Q

Consists of relatively few protein fibers that form a lacy network.

Ex.
- Areolar
- Adipose
- Reticular

A

LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

39
Q

Has a relatively large number of protein fibers that form thick bundles and dill nearly all of the
extracellular space.

A

Dense Connective Tissue

40
Q

Composed of chondrocytes located in spaces called lacunae within an extensive matrix

A

Cartilage

41
Q

Hard Tissue

A

Bone

42
Q

Liquid matrix

A

Blood

43
Q

Matrix with mostly collagen and a few elastic fibers

A

AREOLAR (LOOSE) TISSUE

43
Q

Consists of adipocytes, or fat cells, which contain large amounts of lipids for energy storage.

A

ADIPOSE (LOOSE) TISSUE

43
Q

Network of interlacing reticular fibers and reticular cells that are loosely arranged

A

RETICULAR (LOOSE) TISSUERETICULAR (LOOSE) TISSUE

44
Q

Matrix consisting mostly of collagen fibers which may be arranged in the same direction (dense regular) or in many different directions (dense irregular)

A

DENSE COLLAGENOUS TISSUE

45
Q

Has abundant elastic fibers among its collagen fibers

A

DENSE ELASTIC TISSUE

46
Q

capable of stretching and recoiling like a rubber band with strength in the direction of fiber orientation

A

Dense Regular Elastic Connective Tissue

47
Q

It covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

48
Q

Has more collagen than hyaline cartilage; Flexible and can withstand considerable pressure

A

FIBROCARTILAGE

49
Q

Contains elastic fibers in addition to collagen and
proteoglycans

A

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

50
Q

Name 3 types of Cartilage

A
  1. Hyaline Cartilage
  2. Fibrocartilage
  3. Elastic Cartilage
51
Q

HARD TISSUE with living cells and mineralized matrix

A

Bone

52
Q

has spaces between trabeculae, or plates of the bone and therefore resembles a sponge

A

Spongy bone

53
Q

LIQUID MATRIX, enabling blood cells and platelets, collectively called formed elements to move through blood vessels

A

BLOOD

53
Q

more solid, with almost no space between many thin layers of mineralized matrix

A

Compact Bone

54
Q

Produces motion by shortening or contracting.; Composed of elongated cells called muscle
fibers that are highly specialized to generate force

A

MUSCLE TISSUE

55
Q

Voluntary muscle and enables body movement; Attached to skeleton

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE

56
Q

Specialized tissue for the HEART

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

57
Q

contain specialized gap
junctions; are important in coordinating the transitions of the cardiac muscle cells.

A

Intercalated disks

58
Q

Forms the walls of hollow organs

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

59
Q

Forms the brain, spinal brain, and nerves.

A

NERVOUS TISSUE

59
Q

sends electrical signals; the
functional unit of the nervous system

A

Neurons

60
Q

supports and protects the neurons because they are not regenerative

A

Neuroglia

61
Q

contains the nucleus and is the site of general cell function.

A

Cell Body

62
Q

usually receive stimuli that lead to electrical changes.

A

Dendrites

63
Q

Conduct electrical signals that originate from the base of an axon where it joins the cell
body and travel to the end of the axon.

A

Axons

64
Q

support cells of the nervous
system; nourish, protect, and insulate the neurons.

A

Glial cells

65
Q

Thin sheets or layers of tissues that cover structure or line cavities.

A

TISSUE MEMBRANES

66
Q

Lines cavities that open to the outside of the body.

A

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

67
Q

______________ are
the ones that secrete mucus.

A

Goblet cells or multicellular mucous glands

68
Q

Lines cavities that do not open directly to the exterior and covers organs that lie within these cavities.

A

SEROUS MEMBRANE

69
Q

protect the internal organs from friction, help hold them in place, and act as a selectively permeable barrier to prevent large amounts of fluids

A

SEROUS MEMBRANE

70
Q

found in between joints
to reduce friction and allowing smooth movement within the joint

A

Synovial Membrane

71
Q

protects the blood vessels that
pass through the bones

A

Periosteum

72
Q

What is the technical term for our skin?

A

Cutaneous Membrane

73
Q

____________ _________ is usually a beneficial process occurring when tissues are damaged.

A

TISSUE INFLAMMATION

74
Q
A

REVIEWERS (8 decks)

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