TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What does the upper joint cavity allow for

A

Gliding/translational movements

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2
Q

What does the lower joint cavity allow for

A

Hinge/rotational movements

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3
Q

What is ginglymoarthroidal

A

Joint space which is divided into two joint cavities by an intra articular disc

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4
Q

What lines the joint cavity and capsule

A

Synovial membrane

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5
Q

What type of cartilage covers the articular surfaces

A

Fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage

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6
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ

A

Syndesmosis joint type

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7
Q

What are the 6 layers going up from the bone of the condylar head

A

Layer of calcified cartilage
Fibrocartilaginous layer
Cell rich layer
Fibrous articular surface layer
Lower joint space
Intra articular disc

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8
Q

What are the 4 main layers of the articular surface of condyle

A

Superficial articular surface
Cell rich layer
Fibrocartilaginous layer
Calcified cartilage

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9
Q

What is the superficial articular surface layer consist of

A

Fibrous tissue mostly collagen some elastin

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10
Q

What is different between the collagen fibres in the superficial layers

A

Parallel to the surface
Vertical in deeper layers

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11
Q

What is the calcified cartilage layer

A

Remnant of secondary cartilage

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12
Q

What are the 4 alternating layers of hyaline cartilage and dense collagen fibres

A

Outer fibrous cell layer
Proliferative cell layer
Chondrocytic cell layer
Hypertrophic cell layer

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13
Q

What type of collagen is cartilage

A

Type II

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14
Q

What type of collagen is the fibrocartilage disc

A

Type I

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15
Q

Where does the joint capsule extend and what does it hold in

A

Holds in synovial fluid
Fibrous capsule
Extends from margins of glenoid fossa to envelop entire head of condyle before fusing inferiority with periosteum of condylar process

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16
Q

What is different about the upper and lower fibres of the joint capsule

A

Upper are more loosely arranged

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17
Q

What does the synovial membrane line

A

Inner surface of fibrous capsule and margins of intra articular disc but does not cover articular surfaces of joint

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18
Q

What is the intervening disc essentially a continuation of

A

The lateral pterygoid through joint cavity

19
Q

What is the meniscus disc attached to

A

Capsule expect posteriorly it is fixed to the posterior aspect of the glenoid fossa

20
Q

What does the upper division of the meniscus disc attach to

A

Temporal bones postglenoid process

21
Q

What does the lower division of the meniscus disc attach to

A

The neck of condyle

22
Q

Where are blood vessels present in the meniscus disc

A

Only at periphery of intra articular disc, bulk of it being avascular

23
Q

What is the composition of the disc

A

Water
Macromolecules
Collagen
Cells
ECM components

24
Q

What is the retrodiscal tissue

A

Aka bilaminar zone
Upper temporal/superior lamina is elastic
Lower condylar/inferior lamina non elastic
Loose connective tissue in between
Highly vascular and innervated

25
What is the discs appearance when relaxed
Thin and wrinkled
26
What does the capsule act as
A limiting membrane
27
What happens during the movement of the disc
It will straighten out as it is pulled anteriorly along with anterior aspect of condylar head
28
What is the lateral ligament
When the disc moves the lateral aspect is thickened
29
What do the ligaments on the disc do
Non elastic collagenous structures which restrict distance by which bones that form articulation can be separated without causing tissue damage
30
What is the lateral ligament called
Temporomandibular ligament
31
What does the temporomandibular ligament prevent
Excess posterior movement of TMJ
32
What is the insertion of the temporomandibular ligament
Posterior and lateral aspect of the head of condyle
33
What does the temporomandibular ligament go over
The top of the capsule to reinforce it
34
What is the origin of the temporomandibular ligament
Is it fan shaped Entire lateral aspect of glenoid fossa on each joint
35
What do ligaments of the TMJ help prevent
Both medial and lateral dislocation as well as limit posterior displacement of head of condyle to prevent excessive retraction of mandible
36
What does the sylomandibular ligament do
Limits excessive protrusion
37
What does the sphenomandibular ligament do
Support mandible in some rotations
38
Where is the origin and insertion of the sphenomandibular ligament
From bony lingula at opening of mandibular foramen on medial aspect of ramus to angular spine of sphenoid bone
39
What is the origin and insertion for the stylomandibular ligament
Runs from spine of styloid process to angle of mandible
40
What is the TMJ innervated by
Auriculotempoarl, masseteric and deep temporal nerve of V3
41
What is the blood supply of the TMJ
Mainly superficial temporal and maxillary arteries via external carotid artery
42
What does the auriculotemporal nerve supply
Medial, lateral and posterior parts of TMJ
43
What does the masseteric and deep temporal nerves supply
Anterior part of TMJ
44
What is Hiltons law
Muscles acting on joint have same nerve supply as joint