Top 100 Quiz 6 & 7

Question 1

origin of species

Answer 1

Charles Darwin’s book introducing the theory of natural selection as the mechanism for evolution

Question 2

personality

Answer 2

A person’s consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving

Question 3

phobia

Answer 3

an irrational, intense fear of a specific object, activity, or situation

Question 4

placebo effect

Answer 4

improvement resulting from the mere expectation of improvement, often observed in control groups receiving an inert treatment

Question 5

positive reinforcement

Answer 5

the addition of a rewarding stimulus following a behavior, increasing the likelihood that behavior will occur again

Question 6

prejudice

Answer 6

a negative attitude toward a group of people based on stereotypes or generalizations

Question 7

prosocial behavior

Answer 7

voluntary actions intended to benefit or help others, such as sharing, comforting, or cooperating

Question 8

psychoanalytic theory

Answer 8

Freud’s theory that behavior is influenced by unconscious drives, early childhood experiences, and inner conflicts

Question 9

psychosis

Answer 9

a severe mental disorder characterized by a disconnection from reality, often including hallucinations or delusions.

Question 10

psychosomatic disorders

Answer 10

physical illnesses that are caused or worsened by mental factors like stress or anxiety

Question 11

psychotherapy

Answer 11

the treatment of mental or emotional disorders through psychological techniques rather than medical means

Question 12

rehearsal

Answer 12

the conscious repetition of information to keep it in short-term memory or encode it in long-term memory

Question 13

reinforcement

Answer 13

any event that strengthens the behavior it follows, can be positive or negative

Question 14

right hemisphere

Answer 14

the right side of the brain, associated with creativity, spatial ability, facial recognition, and emotional expression

Question 15

sample

Answer 15

a subset of individuals selected from a population for research purposes

Question 16

semantic memory

Answer 16

a type of long-term memory that stores general world knowledge, fact, and concepts

Question 17

serial position effect

Answer 17

the tendency to recall the first and last items in a list more easily than the middle terms

Question 18

short-term memory

Answer 18

a temporary storage system that holds information for 20-30 secs, limited to 7 +/- 2

Question 19

significance level

Answer 19

the probability threshold used to determine whether results are statistically significant

Question 20

significant difference

Answer 20

a statistical term indicating that observed differences are unlikely to be due to chance alone

Question 21

social influence

Answer 21

the ways individuals change their behavior to meet the demands of a social environment

Question 22

socialization

Answer 22

the process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors appropriate for their society

Question 23

socioeconomic status

Answer 23

a person’s position in society based on income, education, and occupation

Question 24

traits

Answer 24

stable, enduring characteristics or dispositions that influence behavior

Question 25

unconscious

Answer 25

the part of the mind that houses desires, memories, and experiences we're unaware of but that still influence behavior

Question 26

unconscious motivation

Answer 26

drives and desires that influence behavior without conscious awareness, central to Freudian theory

Question 27

visual angle

Answer 27

the angle formed by the lines projecting from the edges of an object to the eye, used in perception and depth cues

Question 28

visual depth perception

Answer 28

the ability to perceive the world in three dimensions and judge the distance of objects