Topic 1 - 2 - Analysing Skill & Technique Flashcards
Biomechanics, Vectors/Scalars, Axes/Planes, Newtons Law's
Definition of biomechanics?
the study of the structure, function and motion of a living body
Name, describe and give examples of the 3 planes.
Sagittal: dplits into left and right.
S = Splits
Eg: running
Frontal: splits into front and back.
F = Front
Eg: cartwheels
Transverse: splits into upper and lower.
T = Top/Upper
Eg: torso in a golf swing
Name, describe and give examples of the 3 axes.
Frontal: runs from one side to another/top and bottom
Eg: foosball player
Sagittal: runs through front of body and through middle of the back
S = Stabs
Eg: cartwheel
Vertical: runs through head down middle to the toes
Eg: spin
Definition of an axis?
a straight line about which a body rotates
Give examples of the 3 levers.
1st = header
load - pushing into head
fulcrum - top of spine
effort - muscles in the back of the neck
2nd = calf raise
fulcrum - ball of the foot on the ground
load - bodyweight in middle of foot
effort - calf muscle contracting
3rd = bicep curl
fulcrum - elbow joint
effort - bicep muscle concentration
load - dumbbell/weight
Definition of a vector? Name 5.
quantities that have both direction and magnitude:
- velocity
- displacement
- acceleration
- force
- momentum
Definition of velocity?
speed of an object in a given direction
Definition of displacement?
the action of an object moving from its starting position to another position
Definition of acceleration?
the rate of change of a body’s velocity
Definition of force?
any interaction that has the ability to change the motion of an object
Definition of momentum?
(mass in motion), all objects have mass, so if they are in motion is has momentum
Definition of a scalar? Name 7.
are a physical quantity that include magnitude only
- length
- area
- energy
- time
- mass
- volume
- temperature
Definition of area
spake taken up on a surface/flat shape (cm^2 or m^2)
Definition of energy?
ability to do work/move another object (joules)
Definition of time? Unit?
how long something takes to happen (s, m, hrs, days etc)
Definition of mass? Unit?
the amount of matter in an object (g or kg)
Definition of volume? Unit?
amount of space an object takes up (cm^3)
Definition of temperature? Unit?
how hot/cold something is (Celsius)
Definition of speed? Unit?
maximal rate someone can cover a distance (m/s)
Definition of length? Unit?
distance between two points (cm or m)
What is Newton’s first law? Give an eg.
Law of Inertia: objects in motion stay in motion, objects at rest stay at rest, unless acted on by a force.
Eg: starting a rowing race
What is Newton’s second law? Give an eg.
Law of Acceleration: F = M x A
Eg: golf drivers impact on the ball affects the acceleration of the ball
What is Newton’s third law? Give an eg.
Law of Reaction: for every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction
Eg: bouncing a tennis ball before a serve, the ball thrown downwards hitting the ground, this force is equalled by the force coming up from the ground through the tennis ball, causing it to bounce back up.
Eg: throwing a basketball off the backboard to have it come back to you to then shoot
What is friction? Give an eg.
the resistance to motion of two moving objects that come into contact with
Eg: wind against a golf ball causing it to fall and slow down, then the grass slows it more eventually stopping it
