Topic 1

Question 1

Eyepiece lens

Answer 1

Part of microscope you look down

Question 2

Magnification lens

Answer 2

How much bigger something appears

Question 3

Objective lens

Answer 3

Part of microscope closest to specimen

Question 4

Resolution

Answer 4

Smallest change that can be measured by an instrument

Question 5

Aerobic respiration

Answer 5

Respiration in which oxygen is used to release energy

Question 6

Cell membrane

Answer 6

Controls what goes in and out of a cell

Question 7

Cell sap

Answer 7

Liquid found in vacuole of a plant cell

Question 8

Cell wall

Answer 8

Tough layer, used for protection and structure
Made of cellulose in plants
Bacteria = flexible

Question 9

Chlorophyll

Answer 9

Green substance inside chloroplasts

Question 10

Chloroplasts

Answer 10

Green disc containing chlorophyll
Inside plant cells
Where a plant makes glucose using photosynthesis

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

Watery jelly like substance where the cell’s activities take place

Question 12

Eukaryotic

Answer 12

A cell with a nucleus

Question 13

Field of view

Answer 13

Circle of light you can see down a microscope

Question 14

Mitochondrion

Answer 14

Sub-cellular structure in cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

Question 15

Ribosome

Answer 15

Sub-cellular structure that makes proteins

Question 16

Scale bar

Answer 16

Line drawn on magnified image that shows scale

Question 17

Vacuole

Answer 17

Storage space in cells

Plants = large permanent vacuole to keep them rigid

Question 18

Acrosome

Answer 18

Small vacuole at end of tip of a sperm cell head, containing enzymes

Question 19

Adaption

Answer 19

Features that something has to enable it to do certain things

Question 20

Ciliated Epithelial Cell

Answer 20

A cell that lines certain tubes in the body and has cilia on the surface

Question 21

Cilia

Answer 21

Small hair-like structure on surface of cells

Sg. Cilium

Question 22

Diploid

Answer 22

Cell that has 2 sets of chromosomes

Question 23

Egg cell

Answer 23

Female gamete

Question 24

Haploid

Answer 24

Cell with one set of chromosomes

Question 25

Embryo

Answer 25

Life that grows from a zygote (fertilised egg cell)

Question 26

Enzyme

Answer 26

Protein | Substance that speeds up some processes of breaking things down

Question 27

Epithelial cell

Answer 27

Cell found on surface of parts of the body

Question 28

Fertilisation

Answer 28

Fusing of male and female gamete

Question 29

Microvillus

Answer 29

A fold on the surface of a villus cell - increase surface area so digested food is absorbed more quickly

Question 30

Oviduct

Answer 30

Tube that carries egg cells from ovaries to uterus

Question 31

Specialised cell

Answer 31

Cell that is adapted for a specific function

Question 32

Sperm cell

Answer 32

Male gamete

Question 33

Chromosomal DNA

Answer 33

DNA found in chromosomes

Question 34

DNA

Answer 34

Deoxyribonucleic acid | Contains genetic information

Question 35

Flagellum

Answer 35

Tail-like structure that rotated allowing organism to move

Question 36

Plasmid

Answer 36

Small loop of DNA in cytoplasm of bacteria

Question 37

Plasmid DNA

Answer 37

DNA found in plasmids

Question 38

Prokaryotic

Answer 38

A cell with no nucleus, e.g. bacteria

Question 39

Biological catalyst

Answer 39

Substance found in living organisms that speeds up reaction

Question 40

Catalyst

Answer 40

A substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction

Question 41

Digest

Answer 41

To break down large molecules into smaller subunits

Question 42

Monomer

Answer 42

Small molecule that can join to other molecules like itself to form a polymer

Question 43

Polymer

Answer 43

Substance made up of very long molecules containing repeating groups of atoms (formed by monomers)

Question 44

Product

Answer 44

Substance formed in a reaction

Question 45

Substrate

Answer 45

A substance that is changed during a reaction

Question 46

Synthesis

Answer 46

To build a large molecule from a smaller subunits

Question 47

Active sights

Answer 47

Space in an enzyme where the substrate fits during an enzyme-catalysed reaction

Question 48

Denatured

Answer 48

Denatured enzyme = where shape of active site has changed, meaning that the substrate will no longer fit

Question 49

Lock-and-Key model

Answer 49

Model that describes the way an enzyme catalyses a reaction when the substrate fits within an active site

Question 50

Optimum pH

Answer 50

pH which an enzyme-catalyses reaction works fastest

Question 51

Optimum temperature

Answer 51

Term per student which an enzyme-catalyses reaction works tastes

Question 52

Active transport

Answer 52

Movement of particles across a cell membrane from region of lower concentration to region of higher concentration (Against gradient) Requires energy

Question 53

Diffusion

Answer 53

When particles spread and mix with each other.

Question 54

Concentration

Answer 54

Amount of a solute dissolved in a certain volume of solvent

Question 55

Concentration gradient

Answer 55

Difference between 2 concentrations

Question 56

Osmosis

Answer 56

Overall movement of solvent molecules in a solution across a permeable membrane, from dilute to more concentrated solution

Question 57

Passive

Answer 57

Process that doesn’t require energy

Question 58

Semi-permeable

Answer 58

Something that will allow certain particles to pass through but not others

Question 59

Solute

Answer 59

Solid that has dissolved in liquid to make a solution

Question 60

Solvent

Answer 60

Liquid which dissolves a solute to make solution

Question 61

Centimetre standard form

Answer 61

10-2

Question 62

Millimetre standard form

Answer 62

10-3

Question 63

Micrometer standard form

Answer 63

10-6

Question 64

Manometer standard form

Answer 64

10-9

Question 65

Picometer standard form

Answer 65

10-12

Question 66

Equation for Photosynthesis

Answer 66

carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

Question 67

Equation for Respiration

Answer 67

Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water