TOPIC 13A - PANCREAS

Question 1

What are the basic functions of pancreas ?

Answer 1

Makes digestive enzymes and secretes them into duodenum.

Question 2

What is the portion of pancreas that secretes hormones that regulates blood sugar?

Answer 2

Endocrine portion

Question 3

What is the portion of pancreas that secretes digestive juice containing enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, lipids, and protein?

Answer 3

Exocrine portion

Question 4

What are the 3 main parts of pancreas ?

Answer 4

1. Capsule
2. Septa
3. Lobules

Question 5

The endocrine portion of pancreas consists of ?

Answer 5

Islet of Langerhans

Question 6

Exocrine pancreas are consists of ___ ___ with no mucous cells.

Answer 6

Serous acini

Question 7

Drainage of exocrine portion of pancreas is by series of ducts. What are the series of ducts?

Answer 7

Intercalated - Intralobular - Interlobular - Big excretory duct

Question 8

What is the main secretion of pancreatic acinar cells ?

Answer 8

Trypsinogen

Question 9

Trypsinogen is broken down by ____ ____ into trypsin.

Answer 9

Intestinal enzymse

Question 10

What is the purpose of trypsin?

Answer 10

1. Digests protein
2. Activates other enzymes

Question 11

What is the other term for precursor form of secretions of pancreatic acinar cells?

Answer 11

Zymogen form

Question 12

What are the other secretions of pancreatic acinar cells? Give their purpose too.

Answer 12

1. Lipase - breaks down fat
2. Amylase - breaks down carbohydrates
3. Nucleases - break down nuceloproteins

Question 13

What are the hormones that make the pancreas secrete enzymes?

Answer 13

1. Secretin
2. Cholecystokinin

Question 14

Secretin and cholecystokinin are released when ?

Answer 14

Acidic gastric contents enter duodenum.

Question 15

Secretin stimulates pancreas to secrete ?

Answer 15

Bicarbonate

Question 16

What is the function of bicarbonate secreted by pancreas ?

Answer 16

Neutralize stomach acid so enzymes can function properly.

Question 17

What hormone stimulates pancreas to release zymogens?

Answer 17

Cholecystokinin (CKK)

Question 18

Cholecystokinin also stimulates gallbladder to release ?

Answer 18

Bile salts

Question 19

What is the function of bile salts?

Answer 19

Emulsify fats so they can be broken down by lipase.

Question 20

What is the shape of accini in compound accinar gland of exocrine portion of pancreas?

Answer 20

Pear-shaped

Question 21

In one accini, how many pyramidal cells are present?

Answer 21

5-8

Question 22

What fibers support accini?

Answer 22

Reticular fibers

Question 23

Inter-lobular connective tissue c of pancreas contains?

Answer 23

1. Blood vessels
2. Nerves
3. Lymphatic

Question 24

The cells in accini have ____ basal nucleus.

Answer 24

Spherical

Question 25

The basal cytoplasm of acinar cells are acidophilic or basophilic?

Answer 25

Basophilic

Question 26

There are striated ducts present in exocrine portion of pancreas. True or False?

Answer 26

False

Question 27

The large intralobular ducts of exocrine portion of pancreas has what type of epithelium?

Answer 27

High cuboidal epithelium

Question 28

The interlobular ducts of exocrine portion of pancreas has what type of epithelium?

Answer 28

Columnar epithelium

Question 29

There are about ____ islets of Langerhans in endocrine portion of pancreas.

Answer 29

> 1 million islets

Question 30

Islets are abundant in what part of pancreas ?

Answer 30

Tail

Question 31

What is the diameter of each islet of Langerhans?

Answer 31

100 - 200 um

Question 32

What type of fibers surround each islet?

Answer 32

Reticular fibers

Question 33

What is the type of capillaries present between cords of islet ?

Answer 33

Fenestrated capillaries

Question 34

Cells in the islet of Langerhans are dark-stained. True or False?

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What are the cells of islets and their secretions?

Answer 35

1. A cells - Glucagon (periphery) 2. B cells - Insulin (center) 3. D cells - Somatostatin (scattered) 4. F cells - Pancreatic polypeptide 5. Enterochromaffin cells - motilin, secretin, substance-P

Question 36

The blood supply in pancreas is poor. True or False?

Answer 36

False, rich.

Question 37

Major blood vessel run in intralobular connective tissue. True or False?

Answer 37

False, interlobular.

Question 38

Blood from islets pass to supply ____ tissue.

Answer 38

exocrine

Question 39

Hormones affect acinar function. True or False?

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Blood first supplies the peripheral cells or center cells?

Answer 40

Peripheral cells