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HISTOLOGY LEC > TOPIC 2 - EPITHELIUM > Flashcards

TOPIC 2 - EPITHELIUM Flashcards

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1
Q

Main type of epithelium that covers outer surfaces of body and lines internal body.

A

Covering and Lining Epithelium

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2
Q

Main type of epithelium that contains cells specialized for secretion.

A

Glandular epithelium

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3
Q

3 functions of basal lamina

A

Structure, organization, filtration

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4
Q

Most apical junction in epithelium that forms bands which complete encircle each cell; membranes of adjacent cells fuse to seal off the intercellular space.

A

Zona occludens (tight junctions)

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5
Q

This interstitial junction are composed of cadherin and catenin proteins that provide adhesion between adjacent cells; Actin filaments in cytoplasm insert into attachment plaques.

A

Zona adherens

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6
Q

Spot adhesions between cells. They line up on adjacent cells and has super strong attachment points between cells.

A

Macula adherens

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7
Q

It attaches epithelial cells to basal lamina.

A

Hemidesmosomes

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8
Q

Occur almost anywhere along lateral surfaces of epithelial cells and also in other cells such as cardiac muscle cells; has protein channel connections with central pores allowing ions & other small molecules to pass through to adjacent cells to facilitate communication.

A

Gap junction

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9
Q

Other term for Zonula Adherens

A

Belt desmosome

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10
Q

5 characteristics of epithelium

A
  1. Basal lamina
  2. Cohesive
  3. Variation in shape and sizes
  4. Avascular
  5. Polarity
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11
Q

What are the protein channels with central pores connecting plasma membranes?

A

Connexons

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12
Q

This structure plus the cell coat equates to the brush border or striated border of epithelia; its purpose is to increase the surface area for absorption or secretion

A

Microvilli

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13
Q

The central core of microvilli is made up of ?

A

Actin microfilaments

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14
Q

Since the microvilli has actin microfilaments, it waves back and forth like cilia. True or False?

A

False

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15
Q

Long non-motile microvilli found in parts of male reproductive system.

A

Stereocilia

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16
Q

Much longer than microvilli. Moves back and forth to propel fluid along the epithelial surface.

A

Cilia

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17
Q

It is a 9+2 configuration of microtubules contained in cilia.

A

Axoneme

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18
Q

How is covering/lining epithelium categorized?

A
  1. Shape of superficial cells
  2. Number of cell layers
  3. Presence of specialized structures
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19
Q

Type of epithelia that is more wider than longer and is flattened.

A

Squamous

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20
Q

Type of epithelia that has the same width and height.

A

Cuboidal

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21
Q

Type of epithelia that is more longer than wider.

A

Columnar

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22
Q

Means one layer of cells

A

Simple

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23
Q

Means two or more layers of cells

24
Q

This term refers to all cells are in contact with basal lamina but not all cells reach lumen.

Study These Flashcards
A

Pseudostratified

25
A stratified epithelium that changes in shape in response to stretching; appears cuboidal when relaxed and squamous when stretched.
Transitional
26
Type of squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels.
Endothelium
27
Type of simple squamous epithelium lining the serous cavities such as Pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum.
Mesothelium
28
Duct linings of pancreas has what type of epithelium?
Simple cuboidal epithelium
29
The epithelium of the small intestine is ?
Simple columnar
30
This type of epithelia can be found in respiratory with goblet cells and cilia.
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
31
Mucous membranes are composed of what type of epithela?
Stratified squamous epithelium
32
This type of epithelia can be seen in the linings of larger duct of pancreas.
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
33
This type of epithelia covers skin that is thin and needs protection,
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
34
This type of epithelia is present in skin areas that are always moist.
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
35
What are the 3 types of glandular epithelia?
1. Mucous goblet cell 2. Exocrine gland 3. Endocrine gland
36
Is mucous goblet cells unicellular or multi-cellular?
Unicellular
37
This type of glandular epithelia retains connection with epithelial surface; and secretes hormones through ducts
Exocrine gland
38
This type of glandular epithelia has no connection with surface epithelium; and hormones are secreted through blood.
Endocrine gland
39
What are the 3 methods of secretion in exocrine glands?
1. Merocrine 2. Holocrine 3. Apocrine
40
Method of exocrine secretion: Secretory granules leave cells by exocytosis from secretory cells into epithelial-walled ducts and then onto the bodily surface or into the lumen.
Merocrine
41
Method of exocrine secretion: Entire cell disintegrates to secrete its substance.
Holocrine
42
Method of exocrine secretion: Portion of secreting cell’s body (apical cytoplasm) is lost during secretion
Apocrine
43
Give an example of holocrine gland.
Sebaceous gland
44
Give an example of apocrine gland.
Mammary gland
45
Give atleast 5 examples of glandular epithelial CELLS. Note: glandular epithelia is different from glandular epithelial cells.
1. Ion-transporting cells 2. Serous secretory cells 3. Mucous secretory cells 4. Neuroendocrine cells 5. Myoepithelial cells
46
This glandular epithelial cells has deep invaginations of basal cell membranes and has its mitochondria located in basal cytoplasm.
Ion-transporting cells
47
Give an example of ion-transporting cells.
Proximal tubules in kidney.
48
This glandular epithelial cell has large rounded nucleus and abundant rough ER, Golgi and secretory granules.
Serous secretory cells
49
What are the examples of serous secretory cells?
1. Pancreatic acinar cells 2. Serous cells
50
This glandular epithelial cell has abundant rough ER, Golgi and secretory granules and produce mucins.
Mucous secretory cells
51
Give the locations of mucous secretory cells?
1. mucous cells in stomach 2. goblet cells in small and large intestine 3. mucous cells in salivary glands
52
Neuroendocrine cells are localized in the brain. True or False?
False, it is scattered throughout the body.
52
This glandular epithelial cell has dense secretory granules in cytoplasm that contain polypeptides and/or amines (like epinephrine and norepinephrine).
Neuroendocrine cells
53
This glandular epithelial cell is spindle-shaped and found in glandular epithelial between basal lamina and basal cytoplasm.
Myoepithelial cells
54
"Octopus on a rock" gland
Myoepithelial cells
55
Myoepithelial cell contains actin. True or False?
True

HISTOLOGY LEC (20 decks)

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