Topic 2 (Epithelium)

Question 1

What does the epithelium sit on?

Answer 1

sits on basal lamina

Question 2

Term definition that epithelium have to rely on with regards to diffusion

Answer 2

Avascular

Question 3

Name 2 areas that epithelia is found

Answer 3

Airways (trachea)

Sweat glands (skin)

Question 4

Tight junction seals what?

What protein is involved

Answer 4

Protein movement

Occuludin protein

Question 5

Adherens junction functin

Answer 5

Connects cells together across cytoskeletons

Question 6

Gap junction do what?

Answer 6

Communication between cells

Allows ion exchange to occur

Question 7

what does desmosomes do

Answer 7

Adhere cells together

Question 8

If epithelial are in multiple layers, what is this called?

Answer 8

Stratified

Question 9

Cells at the top of the layer give what?

Answer 9

The overall shape of the cells

Question 10

what type of cells can you find with pseudo-stratified cells?

Answer 10

Cilia / Goblet

Question 11

Where can you find transitional layer

Answer 11

Areas of distention

Bladder / urinary

Question 12

What is the purpose of keratinisation

Answer 12

Protection

Question 13

Where can you find layer of keratin (4)

Answer 13

Oesophagus / skin / vagina / bladder

Question 14

In gaseous diffusion areas, is it single or stratified?

Answer 14

Single squamous

Question 15

What does the endothelium produce to prevent adhesion of platelets?

What produces it?

Answer 15

Prostacyclin

Prostacyclin synthase

Question 16

What does SMC release for relaxation? For contractioN?

Answer 16

NO

Endothelium-1

Question 17

What does the endothelium release which is found in blood clotting?

Answer 17

Tissue factor

Question 18

What is found on the surface on endothelium cells to help facilitate trans endothelial migration

Answer 18

E-selectin

Question 19

What lines all body cavities?

Answer 19

Mesothelium

Question 20

What type of cells is found in the mesothelium

Answer 20

Simple unilayer epithelium

Question 21

role of mesothelium

Answer 21

surface lubrication

Question 22

What does the ectoderm form? (2)

Answer 22

Nervous system

Exoskeleton

Question 23

What type of cell is found in secretion?

Answer 23

Goblet

Question 24

Difference between exocrine and endocrine

Answer 24

Exocrine releases substances onto surface

Endocrine releases into BS

Question 25

if a gland is branched, what is it called?

Answer 25

Compound gland

Question 26

If a gland isnt branched, what is it called?

Answer 26

simple

Question 27

Simple tubular glands can be found where?

Answer 27

Intestines

Question 28

Simple coiled glands can be found where?

Answer 28

Sweat glands (skin)

Question 29

Simple tubular branched glands can be found where (4)

Answer 29

Stomach / uterus / tongue / oesophagus

Question 30

Simple alveolar glands can be found where

Answer 30

sebaceous glands on skin

Question 31

Compound Tubular glands can be found where?

Answer 31

Oral cavity

Question 32

Compound alveolar can be found where?

Answer 32

Pancreatic glands

Question 33

Compound tubular acinar can be found where?

Answer 33

mammary gland

Question 34

Merocrine secretion involves what? give 2 examples of merocrine secretion

Answer 34

vesicle fuses with membrane / recycled Pancreatic enzymes Breast milk casein

Question 35

Apocrine secretion involves what? Name an example of secretion

Answer 35

Plasma membrane lost with vesicle fusion Breast milk lipids

Question 36

Holocrine secretion involves what? Name an example

Answer 36

Product accumulates in cell and released with disintegration of cell Sebum in sebaceous glands

Question 37

What is Epidermolysis bullosa

Answer 37

Inherited blistering of skin

Question 38

Causes of Epidermolysis bullosa

Answer 38

Mutation of adhesion molecule found for epithilium to BM

Question 39

what is cystic fibrosis

Answer 39

defective chloride channel on apical surface of epithelial cells

Question 40

Cause of cystic fibrosis

Answer 40

Mutations in CFTR

Question 41

What builds up in CF patients? (2)

Answer 41

Cl- in cells Mucous builds up outside cells

Question 42

Where can CF occur?

Answer 42

Any exocrine glands Pancreas / lungs

Question 43

What is Congenital cilliary dyskinesia

Answer 43

abnormal cilia function

Question 44

Cause of congenital cililary dyskinesia

Answer 44

autosomal recessive

Question 45

Symptoms (2) of congenital ciliary dyskinesia

Answer 45

Respiratory issues sinusitis