Topic 6 - Infection Flashcards by ryan seed

2 Examples of Endoparasites

Helminths

Protozoa

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3 examples of exoparasites

Fleas

Lice

Bed bugs

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What do Amoebas invade

Large bowel linings

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How are Ameobas spread

Water contamination –> faeces

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Name an example of Sporozoa

Plasmodium Falciparum

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Name 2 examples of Helminths

Cestodes

Trematodes

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Name an example of a Cestodes

What does this infect

Symptoms?

Tapeworm

Intestine

Asymptomatic

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Structure of cestodes

Segmented

Flat

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Name an example of a Trematodes

Fluke

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What are the 2 forms of fungi

Yeast // Mould

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In terms of strands, what are filamentous

In terms of cells, what are unicellular (fungi)

Moulds

Yeast

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Tinea Pedis causes what?

Athletes foot

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Tinea Corporsis

Ringworm

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Cryptococcus neoformans can lead to what

Meningitis

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Streptococcus Pneumoniae in terms of structure are found like what?

Where can you find them

Diplococci

Nose and throat

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CRR5 / gp120 can be found on what

HIV

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Is norovirus acute / chronic

Acute

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Name a latent bacteria infection

Herpes // varicella zooster virus

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What does EPV infect? (2)

B cells

Epithelial tract of nasopharynx

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Symptoms of EPV

Glandular Fever

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What do Prions lack?

Lack nucleic acid

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Name 2 diseases caused by Prions

Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD)

Kuru

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how is CJD transmitted (2)

Human growth hormone injection

Surgical instruments

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How much normal flora is found in faeces (bacteria/gram)

10^11 - 10^12

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Cystitis is the infection of where causes?

Lower Urinary Tract e.coli (gra negative bacilli)

Migration example (endogenous infection type)

E.coli from bowel entering bladder

Perforation example (endogenous infection type)

Faecal Perotintitis

Blood spread example (endogenous infection type)

Endocarditis

How can endocarditis arise from? What type of bacteria can be responsible?

Dental work --> bacteria enter blood stream Streptococci

Impetigo is caused by what sort of contact

Indirect contact

Impetigo is caused by what? What does it lead to?

Staphylococci / streptococci Superficial skin infection

Indirect contact transmission (3 types)

Hands // equipment // Furniture

3 organisms involved in indirect contact transmission

MRSA Clostridium difficile Norovirus gastroenteritis

Name an organism responsible for infection with Injury type of transmission

Clostriudium tetani

What is hepatitis B

Virus

Mother to baby is what type of transmission

Vertical

What type of infection is a baby most at risk through vertical transmission during pregnancy

Rubella

What type of infection is a baby most at risk through vertical transmission at birth

Herpes

What type of infection can spread through breast milk?

HIV

Infectious Dose Defintiion

Minimum number of organisms required to cause disease

Streptolysin is produced by what?

Group A streptococci

Cholera toxin activates what? What does this do (3)

Adenyl Cyclase Increases cAMP Reduces Na+ Reabsorption Increases Cl- Secretion

What does Ebola Infect (2)

Macrophages Dendritic Cells

What inflammation occurs in Ebola?

Blood vessels inflammation

Dengue fever is spread by what

Aedes Mosquito

Campylobacter can be found in what?

Undercooked chicken

If Neutrophils are raised, what does this potentially entail?

Bacterial Infection

If lymphocytes are raised, what does this potentially entail

Viral infection

If Eosinophils are high, what does this potentially entails

Parasitic infection

What can a sputum test identify?

Pneumonia

what can a faecal sample identify>

Gastroenteritis

What can a throat swab identify

Tonsilitis

Ziehl neelson can identify what?

Calcofluor can identify what?

Fungi

Legionnaires disease can be detected by what?

Antigen test in a urine sample

A rapid hepatitis B test is done by what?

Blood test

Initial Ig responder What comes later (time period)

IgM IgG (10-14)

Mupirocin is produced by what?

Pseudomonas fluroescens bacteria

Symptomatic Supportive therapy example

Paracetamol

A protection method with those with TB is what?

Putting patient in a negative pressure room

Passive immunisation involves what?

Natural production of Ig from infection like chickenpox

Active immunisation involves what?

Production of Ig from vaccination

Name 4 organisms that dont have vaccinations for

Meningococcal group B Hep C HIV Malaria

Topic 6 - Infection Flashcards

(63 cards)