Topic 2.1 Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is the job of the nucleus?
To control cell growth and contains DNA for the cell
What is the job of the mitochondria?
To generate ATP(energy)
What’s the purpose of the cell membrane?
*To regulate transport of materials in and out of the cell
*Site of chemical reactions
*Allows cell to change shape
What’s the purpose of ribosomes?
To synthesise proteins
What’s the purpose of SER?
To make cellular hormones such as hormones and lipids
What’s the purpose of RER?
To fold and package proteins, sending them to the Golgi
What’s the purpose of a lysosome?
They break down excess or worn out cell parts
What does the Golgi do?
An area where proteins sent by the RER are further processed and sent to the location needed
What does the Nucleolus do?
Produce the cell’s ribosomes
What’s the purpose of a nuclear envelope?
Provides structure to the nucleus and protects it from the cytoplasm
What does cell theory state?
Cells are a fundamental unit of structure, function and organisation in all living things
What’s the definition for magnification?
The degree to which the size of the image is larger than the actual object itself
What’s resolution?
The degree to which two points on an image can be distinguished by the amount of detail
What are integral proteins used for?
To transport things through the bilayer
What are peripheral proteins used for?
The glycoproteins attached atop receive and send messages
Definition of organelle?
Each structure within a cell
Definition of ultrastructure?
The details of inside the cell
Definition of protoplasm?
All the organelles inside the cytoplasm including the nucleus
From mm how what order does it go down by?
mm,um(micrometre), nm, pm
What’s the purpose of a centriole?
*Cell division in mitosis and meiosis by making a spindle of microtubules which pull chromosomes apart
What’s the purpose of vacuoles?
Contains water and minerals to keep the concentration of the cytoplasm correct
What’s the purpose of the cytoskeleton?
Moves organelles around and holds them in place, giving the cell its shape. Able to also move the whole cell
How does protein transport go?
*mRNA copy of instructions to make a protein is sent out the nuclear pore
*It attaches to a ribosome on the RER, ribosome reads instructions and creates the protein
*The protein is folded and sent in a vesicle to the golgi, it fuses with golgi.
*Golgi packages it and sends it to its needed location, e.g.outside the cell, lysosomes…
Describe plasmodesmata
Threads of cytoplasm that connect plant cells- it provides communication between the cells and joins the chemical environment of the adjacent cell
