Tourism

Question 1

Using a case study describe issues faced in national parks

Answer 1

• Peak District NP
• Limestone quarries needed but they give out dust, noise and are ugly with lots of trucks transporting goods
• Water sports in reservoirs can cause water pollution which harms wildlife
• Moorland is used for army training which is loud
• 2nd homes mean that house prices rise and locals cant afford houses
• Car dependance causes traffic, noisy roads and pollution

Question 2

Describe management strategies for problems in national parks

Answer 2

• Peak District
• Reduce car dependance: cycle paths, public park and ride schemes etc
• Development of affordable homes for locals
• Peak connections for easy public transport
• Speed limits (water sports)
• Pay and display car parks so money can be used for the running of the NP
• Reseed eroded areas

Question 3

Describe mass tourism in a tropical destination

Answer 3

• Gambia, West Africa
• first attracted tourists in 1985 by farming and fishing culture
• 130,000 visitors per year
• holidays makers ignorance: don’t wear much clothing (disrespectful)
• Big investors benefit from the tourism and most tourism money doesn’t reach the Gambians at all
• Failing to cure poverty
• Management: resorted to community tourism
  ~ benefits and is ran by locals
  ~ donations accepted
  ~ sell african traditions and goods to tourists
  ~ make money by attracting tourists about the slave trade

Question 4

Describe tourism in an extreme environment

Answer 4

• Antarctica is 60x bigger than the UK
• Attractive for its physical challenge/risk and untouched natural landscapes
• tourist numbers by cruises increased from 9,000 to 46,000 per year in 16/17 years
  Issues:
• animals can be disturbed by more than a few people so can abandon eggs or young
• can be accidents such as oil spills with ships and ice
• fumes, waste, fuel
  Management:
• resorted to controlled tourism
  ~ all waste must be left behind before approaching shore
  ~ no ship carrying over 300 passengers can land in Antarctica
  ~ permits must be gained for activities on the continent
  ~ visitors cant visit sites of special scientific interest (SSSI) such as bird island on south georgia
  ~ scale of tourism is limited and there are no permanent residents on the continent other than wildlife

Question 5

Describe a case study of ecotourism

Answer 5

• Santa Lucia, Cloud Forest Lodge, Ecuador
• Ecuador is the smallest country in South America
• Community in Santa Lucia had to cut down areas of the cloud forest to grow crops but the government stopped this and many people moved away
• resorted to ecotourism
  ~ 1999 began to build a lodge of fallen wood from the cloud forest
  ~ carved own furniture with bare hands
  ~ had to learn new skills e.g. ICT, reading, writing, tours
  ~ birdwatching is popular
  ~ comfortable, home-cooking form local, organic crops
• designed to conserve the cloud forest while locals can earn a loving and provide for themselves and their families