TPO42 Flashcards
(43 cards)
infestation
🔹the presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, typically so as to cause damage or disease.
🔸infestation with head lice is widespread
spell
🔹be a sign or characteristic of.
🔸she had the chic, efficient look that spells Milan
🔹mean or have as a result.; cause
🔸the plans would spell disaster for the economy
🔹a short period.
🔸I want to get away from racing for a spell
🔹a period spent in an activity.
🔸a spell of greenhouse work
stress
🔹give particular emphasis or importance to (a point, statement, or idea) made in speech or writing.
🔸they stressed the need for reform
detrimental
🔹tending to cause harm; inimical
🔸recent policies have been detrimental to the interests of many old people
set forth
🔹to start a journey, especially one that is long or difficult
🔹(FORMAL)to explain or describe something in a clear and detailed way, especially in writing; to explain ideas, or make rules or suggestions
🔸This memorandum sets forth basic departmental policies.
depart from
🔹to be different from the usual or expected way of doing or thinking about something.
🔸I see no reason for us to depart from our usual practice.
🔸At this point in the speech, the minister departed from his prepared text.
pigment
🔹the natural colouring matter of animal or plant tissue.
🔸carotenoid pigments are red, orange, or yellow
🔹a substance used for colouring or painting, especially a dry powder, which when mixed with oil, water, or another medium constitutes a paint or ink.
🔸all the frescoes are painted with earth pigments
divinity
🔹the state or quality of being divine.
🔸Christ’s divinity
الوهیت
🔹a divine being; a god or goddess.
plural noun: divinities
🔸busts of Roman divinities
خدا- الهه
🔹the study of religion; theology.
🔸a doctor of divinity
signify
🔹be an indication of;be a symbol of; have as meaning.
🔸this decision signified a fundamental change in their priorities
🔹(of a person) indicate or declare (a feeling or intention); express; indicate
🔸signify your agreement by signing the letter below
🔹be of importance; to be important enough to have an effect on something
🔸the locked door doesn’t necessarily signify
🔸 these figures don’t really signify in the overall results.
run over
🔹(of a container or its contents) overflow.
🔸the bath’s running over
🔹exceed (an expected limit).
🔸the film ran over schedule and budget
contaminate
🔹make (something) impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance; pollute
🔸the site was found to be contaminated by radioactivity
allopatric
🔹(of animals or plants, especially of related species or populations) occurring in separate non-overlapping geographical areas.
🔹(of speciation) taking place as a result of allopatric separation.
creep
🔹move slowly and carefully in order to avoid being heard or noticed.
🔸he crept downstairs, hardly making any noise
🔹(of a thing) move very slowly at an inexorably steady pace.
🔸the fog was creeping up from the marsh
🔹(of a plant) grow along the ground or other surface by means of extending stems or branches.
🔸thorny roses crept up the dull gray walls
🔹(of a plastic solid) undergo gradual deformation under stress.
🔹(of an unwanted and negative characteristic or fact) occur or develop gradually and almost imperceptibly.
🔸errors crept into his game
🔹increase slowly but steadily in number or amount.
🔸interest rates have been creeping up in the past few weeks
glacier
🔹a slowly moving mass or river of ice formed by the accumulation and compaction of snow on mountains or near the poles.
formidable
🔹inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable; intimidating; forbiding
🔸a formidable opponent
coyote
🔹a wild dog that resembles the wolf, native to North America.
windblown
🔹carried or driven by the wind.
🔸windblown sand
🔹exposed to or affected by the wind.
🔸the coastline is rugged and windblown
speciation
🔹the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
undergo
🔹experience or be subjected to (something, typically something unpleasant, painful, or arduous); go through
🔸the baby underwent a life-saving brain operation
stray
🔹move away aimlessly from a group or from the right course or place; wander off; drift
🔸dog owners are urged not to allow their dogs to stray
🔹(of the eyes or a hand) move idly or casually in a specified direction.
🔸her eyes strayed to the telephone
🔹(of a person who is married or in a long-term relationship) be unfaithful.
🔸men who stray are seen as more exciting and desirable
🔹(LITERARY) wander or roam in a specified direction.
🔸over these mounds the Kurdish shepherd strays
🔹(of a domestic animal) having no home or having wandered away from home; homeless
🔸stray dogs
constipation
🔹a condition in which there is difficulty in emptying the bowels, usually associated with hardened feces.
یبوست
battery
🔹a set of units of equipment, typically when connected together; array; set
🔸a battery of equipment to monitor blood pressure”
🔹an extensive series, sequence, or range of things; series; sequence
🔸children given a battery of tests
🔹(LAW) the crime or tort of unconsented physical contact with another person, even where the contact is not violent but merely menacing or offensive; violence; assault
allegedly
🔹used to convey that something is claimed to be the case or have taken place, although there is no proof; reportedly; supposedly
🔸he was allegedly a leading participant in the coup attempt
wipe out
🔹(wipe something ↔ out) to destroy, remove, or get rid of something completely; annihilate
🔸Whole villages were wiped out by the floods.
🔸 Nothing could wipe out his bitter memories of the past.
🔹(wipe somebody ↔ out informal) to make you feel extremely tired
🔸The heat had wiped us out.
→ wiped out
🔹to fall or hit an object when you are doing something
🔸Scott wiped out on his bike.
