TPO50 Flashcards

Question

exert

Answer 1

🔹to use your power, influence etc in order to make something happen 🔸They exerted considerable influence within the school. collocation: 🔸exert pressure Did Democratic leaders exert pressure on their colleagues to vote for the new law? 🔸exert influence These large companies exert considerable influence over the government. 🔸exert control The state should not exert control over the media. 🔸exert power He exerts considerable power within the family. 🔸exert authority It is every parent's responsibility to exert their authority by laying down some firm rules. 🔸exert discipline Exerting discipline is essential, especially when there are problem students in the class. 🔸exert effort We exerted every effort to get there on time. 🔸exert your will (=make something happen in the way that you want) The army exerted its will by arresting anti-government supporters. 🔹make a physical or mental effort; strive; endeavour 🔸he needs to exert himself to try to find an answer

Answer 2

🔹relating to a town or district or its governing body; civic; urban 🔸national and municipal elections

Answer 3

🔹not taut or held tightly in position; loose. 🔸a slack rope 🔹(of business or trade) characterized by a lack of work or activity; quiet. 🔸business was rather slack 🔹slow or sluggish. 🔸they were working at a slack pace 🔹having or showing laziness or negligence. 🔸slack accounting procedures 🔹loosen (something, especially a rope). 🔸slacking the outhaul allows you to adjust the sail 🔹decrease or reduce in intensity, quantity, or speed. 🔸the flow of blood slacked off

Answer 4

🔹lead (an attack or movement). | 🔸he's spearheading a campaign to reduce the number of accidents at work

Answer 5

🔹catch up with and pass while travelling in the same direction. سبقت گرفتن 🔸the driver overtook a line of vehicles 🔹become greater or more successful than. 🔸Germany rapidly overtook Britain in industrial output 🔹(especially of misfortune) come suddenly or unexpectedly upon. 🔸disaster overtook the town in AD 296 🔹(of a feeling) affect (someone) suddenly and powerfully. 🔸weariness overtook him and he retired to bed

Answer 6

🔹move in a slow, heavy, awkward way. 🔸a truck lumbered past 🔹الوار 🔹(informal) burden (someone) with something unwanted. 🔸the banks do not want to be lumbered with a building that they cannot sell

Answer 7

🔹an extensive area of land in the country, usually with a large house, owned by one person, family, or organization; property; grounds املاک 🔹all the money and property owned by a particular person, especially at death; assets 🔸in his will, he divided his estate between his wife and daughter

Answer 8

🔹filled or well-supplied with something. 🔸sensational popular fiction, replete with adultery and sudden death 🔹very full of or sated by food. 🔸I went out into the sun-drenched streets again, replete and relaxed

Answer 9

🔹the beginning of something, especially something unpleasant. 🔸the onset of winter

Answer 10

🔹excessively. | 🔸she was a jealous and overly possessive woman

Answer 11

🔹blow up or break apart (something solid) with explosives. 🔸the school was blasted by an explosion 🔹produce (damage) by means of an explosion. 🔸the force of the collision blasted out a tremendous crater 🔹force or throw (something) in a specified direction by impact or explosion. 🔸the car was blasted thirty feet into the sky 🔹shoot with a gun. 🔸Fowler was blasted with an air rifle 🔹move very quickly and loudly in a specified direction. 🔸four low-flying jets blasted down the glen 🔹produce or cause to produce loud continuous music or other noise. 🔸music blasted out at full volume 🔹kick or strike (a ball) hard. 🔸the striker blasted the free kick into the net blasted: 🔹withered or blighted; laid waste. 🔸a blasted heath

Answer 12

🔹discard or remove from service (a redundant, old, or inoperative vehicle, vessel, or machine), especially so as to convert it to scrap metal. 🔸a bold decision was taken to scrap existing plant 🔹abolish or cancel (a plan, policy, or law). 🔸he supports the idea that road tax should be scrapped 🔹engage in a minor fight or quarrel. 🔸the older boys started scrapping with me 🔹compete fiercely. 🔸the two drivers scrapped for the lead

Answer 13

🔹to officially prevent someone from entering a place or from doing something bar somebody from (doing) something 🔸They seized his passport and barred him from leaving the country. 🔹 to prevent people from going somewhere by placing something in their way 🔸She ran back, but Francis barred her way.

Answer 14

🔹to become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it 🔸Roger took painting up for a while, but soon lost interest. 🔹to start a new job or have a new responsibility 🔸 Peter will take up the management of the finance department. 🔹if you take up a suggestion, problem, complaint etc, you start to do something about it 🔸Now the papers have taken up the story. 🔹to fill a particular amount of time or space 🔸The little time I had outside of school was taken up with work. 🔹to accept a suggestion, offer, or idea 🔸Rob took up the invitation to visit. 🔹to move to the exact place where you should be, so that you are ready to do something 🔸The runners are taking up their positions on the starting line. 🔹to continue a story or activity that you or someone else had begun, after a short break 🔸I’ll take up the story where you left off. 🔹to make a piece of clothing shorter

Answer 15

🔹failing to produce the intended result; vein | 🔸the rebel officers who led the abortive coup were shot

Answer 16

🔹the action of replacing someone or something with another person or thing; exchange 🔸the substitution of rail services with buses

Answer 17

🔹having the same rank or importance. 🔹a person or thing equal with another. 🔸coequal partners

Answer 18

🔹be an indication of. 🔸this decision signified a fundamental change in their priorities 🔹be a symbol of; have as meaning. 🔸the church used this image to signify the Holy Trinity 🔹(of a person) indicate or declare (a feeling or intention). 🔸signify your agreement by signing the letter below 🔹be of importance. 🔸the locked door doesn't necessarily signify دلالت کردن- حاکی بودن

Answer 19

🔹an area of low-lying, uncultivated ground where water collects; a bog or marsh. 🔹overwhelm or flood with water. 🔸a huge wave swamped the canoes 🔹overwhelm with an excessive amount of something; inundate; deluge; engulf 🔸the country was swamped with goods from abroad

Answer 20

🔹a form of government with a monarch at the head; sovereignty 🔹a state that has a monarch. plural noun: monarchies 🔹the monarch and royal family of a country. noun: the monarchy 🔸the monarchy is the focus of loyalty and service سلطنت

Answer 21

🔹succeed in dealing with (a problem or difficulty). 🔸he overcame his pain for a time 🔹defeat (an opponent). 🔸an experienced England side overcame the determined home team 🔹(of a feeling or emotion) overpower or overwhelm. 🔸she was obviously overcome with excitement

Answer 22

🔹relating to an established set of principles governing a state. 🔸a constitutional amendment 🔹in accordance with a constitution(قانون اساسی). 🔸a constitutional monarchy 🔹relating to someone's nature or physical condition. 🔸a constitutional weakness 🔹a walk taken regularly to maintain or restore good health. 🔸she went out for a constitutional

Answer 23

🔹a state of disorder due to absence or non-recognition of authority or other controlling systems. 🔸he must ensure public order in a country threatened with anarchy 🔹absence of government and absolute freedom of the individual, regarded as a political ideal.

Answer 24

🔹disturbance from a proper, original, or usual place or state. 🔸rapid urban and industrial development brought immense social dislocation in its wake 🔹injury or disability caused when the normal position of a joint or other part of the body is disturbed. 🔸congenital dislocation of the hip

Answer 25

🔹(of a revolution or conflict) without violence or killing. 🔸a bloodless coup 🔹(of the skin) drained of colour. 🔸his bloodless lips 🔹(of a person) cold or ruthless; heartless 🔸a shrewd and bloodless Hollywood mogul 🔹lacking in vitality; feeble; spiritless 🔸a bloodless chorus

Answer 26

🔹a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country. مستعمره 🔸Japanese forces overran the French colony of Indo-China 🔹a group of people living in a colony, consisting of the original settlers and their descendants and successors. 🔸the colony looked forward to fifty or more years of autonomy 🔹a group of people of one nationality or race living in a foreign place. 🔸the British colony in New York 🔹a place where a group of people with the same occupation or interest live together; community 🔸a nudist colony 🔹(biology) a community of animals or plants of one kind living close together or forming a physically connected structure. 🔸a colony of seals

Answer 27

🔹a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful; plot توطئه 🔸a conspiracy to destroy the government

Answer 28

🔹take violent action against an established government or ruler; rebel شورش 🔸the Iceni revolted and had to be suppressed 🔹refuse to acknowledge someone or something as having authority. 🔸voters may revolt when they realize the cost of the measures 🔹cause to feel disgust. 🔸he was revolted by the stench that greeted him

Answer 29

🔹something that you allow someone to have in order to end an argument or a disagreement → concede امتیازات 🔸concession to a policy of no concessions to terrorists 🔸concession on his readiness to make concessions on many of the issues raised 🔸make concession The British were not prepared to make any concessions. 🔹a special right that a particular person or group of people is allowed to have, for example by the government or an employer, or the act of giving or allowing something as a right 🔸the ending of tax concessions for home owners 🔹a reduction in the price of tickets, fees etc for certain groups of people, for example old people or children 🔸To qualify for travel concessions you have to be 60. 🔹a change in your behaviour that you make because of a particular situation or idea 🔸He took off his jacket as a concession to the heat. 🔹 the right to have a business in a particular place, especially in a place owned by someone else 🔸The company owns valuable logging and mining concessions.

Answer 30

🔹an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things. 🔸a massive influx of tourists 🔹an inflow of water into a river, lake, or the sea. 🔸the lakes are fed by influxes of meltwater

Answer 31

🔹bitter indignation at having been treated unfairly; bitterness; indignation; irritation رنجش- خشم 🔸his resentment at being demoted

Answer 32

🔹a person who associates with another person or a group in a sycophantic manner or for the purpose of gaining some personal advantage. 🔸the shysters, the freebooters, the hangers-on who traditionally take advantage of champions

Answer 33

🔹to surround something with something else so that it looks attractive or can be seen clearly 🔸Sarah’s face was framed by her long dark hair. 🔹to put a picture in a structure that will hold it firmly 🔸I’m going to get the picture framed. 🔹to deliberately make someone seem guilty of a crime when they are not guilty, by lying to the police or in a court of law 🔸Needham’s lawyers claimed that he had been framed by the police. 🔹(formal) to carefully plan the way you are going to ask a question, make a statement etc 🔸She wondered how she was going to frame the question. 🔹(formal) to organize and develop a plan, system etc 🔸Newman played a central role in framing the new law.

Answer 34

🔹showing a lack of courage or confidence; easily frightened; fearful ترسو- کمرو 🔸I was too timid to ask for what I wanted

Answer 35

🔹waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive; dither; hesitate 🔸I vacillated between teaching and journalism vacillating: 🔹wavering between different opinions or actions; irresolute. 🔸he was accused of vacillating leadership

Answer 36

🔹a person who attends a royal court as a companion or adviser to the king or queen.

Answer 37

🔹have a strong desire or craving for. 🔸he hungered for a sense of self-worth 🔸Under the pressure of his courtiers, who hungered to return to Portugal and their lost estates, he finally approved the new constitution and sailed for Portugal.

Answer 38

🔹repeal or do away with (a law, right, or formal agreement); repudiate; revoke; rescind; annul; abolish 🔸a proposal to abrogate temporarily the right to strike 🔹evade (a responsibility or duty). 🔸we believe the board is abrogating its responsibilities to its shareholders

Answer 39

🔹an official order that has the force of law; edict; order; command حکم 🔸the decree guaranteed freedom of assembly 🔹the issuing of a decree. 🔸the king ruled by decree 🔹a judgement or decision of certain law courts, especially in matrimonial cases.

Answer 40

🔹a public or official announcement dealing with a matter of great importance; decree; edict 🔸the issuing by the monarch of a proclamation dissolving Parliament 🔹the public or official announcement of an important matter. 🔸the government restricted the use of water by proclamation 🔹a clear declaration of something. 🔸bold proclamations about their team's hopes for the season بیانیه- ابلاغیه

Answer 41

🔹in an unceasingly intense or harsh way. | 🔸Joseph worked relentlessly

Answer 42

🔹ready to conform to the authority or will of others; meekly obedient or passive; compliant; yielding 🔸a submissive, almost sheeplike people

Answer 43

🔹قومیت

TPO50 Flashcards

(67 cards)