Trans - Populations in Research Flashcards Preview

[OS 211] FINALS > Trans - Populations in Research > Flashcards

Flashcards in Trans - Populations in Research Deck (24)
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1
Q

criteria for selecting the population

A
  1. validity
  2. applicability
  3. feasibility
  4. ethics
2
Q

direct approach

A

use of human models

3
Q

indirect approach

A

use of animals, tissue, microorganisms

4
Q

volunteer populations - what may result

A

volunteer bias

5
Q

diseased populations - what may result

A

not necessarily representatives of those who have the disease

6
Q

clinic or hospital populations - what may result

A

not representative of the general population

7
Q

persons at home or community - what may result

A

not representative of the general population

8
Q

ultimate goal of ethics

A

protection of participants

9
Q

4 principles in statutory framework

A
  1. all researches should have a written protocol
  2. all researches should be reviewed by an institutional review board
  3. all researches must impose standards for informed consent
  4. all researches must adhere to good clinical practice
10
Q

spontaneous animal models

A

natural or spontaneously developed characteristic of interest

11
Q

experimental animal models

A

has an induced change to create the characteristic of interest

12
Q

normal models

A

normal counterpart of the diseased state

13
Q

rats and mice are commonly used for:

A

causation and harm studies

14
Q

pigeons and primates are commonly used for:

A

behavioral studies

15
Q

zebrafish are commonly used for:

A

embryology studies

16
Q

the researcher must use (higher or lower) species on the evolutionary tree for research

A

lower

17
Q

2 principles in animal ethics

A
  1. refine technique to reduce suffering

2. reduce number of animals without compromising results

18
Q

diabetes model

A

streptozotocin-induced mouse model

19
Q

asthma model

A

ovalbumin-induced mouse model

20
Q

arthritis model

A

squalene injection of joints

21
Q

liver damage model

A

carbon tetrachloride induced

22
Q

gout model

A

potassium oxonate induced

23
Q

tumor model

A

inoculation with HT29 cancer cells

24
Q

vascular growth model

A

duck embryo