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Blood Bank > Transfusion Therapy > Flashcards

Transfusion Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the best-tolerated form of transplantation in humans?

A

red blood cells

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2
Q

Why is whole blood contraindicated for patients with severe chronic anemia?

A

The plasma volume of these patients is increased

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3
Q

The pathologic cause of a decreased red blood cell mass include(s):

A

compromised bone marrow production
decreased red blood cell survival
bleeding as a result of trauma

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4
Q

Why is red blood cell transfusion contraindicated in a stable patient with chronic renal failure who has no symptoms except after climbing three flights of stairs?

A

The anemia is compensated

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5
Q

Neonatal exchange transfusion is performed using which blood preservative?

A

citrate-phosphate-dextrose adenine (CPDA-1)

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6
Q

What blood component is responsible for most allergic reactions?

A

Plasma

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7
Q

Platelets prepared from what are referred to as random donor platelets?

A

whole blood units

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8
Q

One unit of random platelets should increase the platelet count by:

A

5000 to 10,000 per uL

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9
Q

How is donor platelet survival determined in the recipient?

A

platelet count increment (1 hour after transfusion)

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10
Q

Which of the following is not an indication for fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion?

A

factor VIII deficiency

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11
Q

Why is fresh frozen plasma (FFP) indicated for women with HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets)?

A

FFP reverses symptoms of patients by infusion of unknown plasma substance

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12
Q

Liquid plasma is not indicated for factor __________ deficiency?

A

V

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13
Q

Cryoprecipitate antihemophilic factor (AHF) contains factor VIII. What other coagulation factor is present?

A

I

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14
Q

What disease state may require exogenous fibrinogen replacement?

A

Liver failure

DIC

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15
Q

Factor IX concentrates contain which factors (otherwise known as “prothrombin complex”)?

A

II,VII,IX,X

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16
Q

In what disease state is acquired antithrombin III deficiency manifested?

A

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

17
Q

How does 25% albumin induce diuresis in liver disease patients?

A

Albumin solution acts with diuretics and brings extravascular water into vascular space to dilute albumin

18
Q

What is the immunologic principle of RhIg administration?

A

Anti-D attaches to Rh-positive cells of the infant in maternal circulation and are subsequently removed by cells of the reticuloendothelial system preventing sensitization

19
Q

All of the following are consistent with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) except:

A

transplantation of “immunologically naive” T lymphocytes

20
Q

What is the advantage of performing a type and screen for patients scheduled for surgery instead of crossmatching units for possible transfusion?

A

increases the availability of donor units in the inventory

21
Q

Which of the following Rh-negative patients may permit transfusion of Rh-positive units when few O-negative units are available in an emergency?

A

middle-aged man

22
Q

Why are fresh blood units (younger than 5 days) preferred for a neonate transfusion?

A

reduce the risk of hyperkalemia

23
Q

Why do liver transplant patients require plasma?

A

most coagulation factors produced in the liver

24
Q

Which blood product is used in the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

A

plasma
platelets
cryoprecipitate

25
Q

Which of the following represents the final clerical check of a transfusion?

A

Nurse uses the patient armband to compare patient identification with patient crossmatch report and tags attached to unit

26
Q

A patient with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) would require ____ in the event of a blood transfusion.

A

A blood warmer

27
Q

Which of the following are not at risk for developing cytomegalovirus (CMV) via CMV-positive blood products?

A

CMV-positive heart transplant recipients

28
Q

Oncology patients usually receive repeated red blood cell and platelet transfusions due to:

A

radiation therapy
tumor infiltration of bone marrow
chemotherapy

Blood Bank (21 decks)

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