Transport Processes (Lecture 5)

Question 1

The property that allows the Plasma Membrane to regulate what comes in and out of the cell

Answer 1

Selective Permeability

Question 2

Composition of a Plasma Membrane

Answer 2

Phospholipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Cholesterol

Question 3

Lipid molecules with a carbohydrate molecule attached that serve as markers for cell recognition

Answer 3

Glycolipids

Question 4

Protein molecules with a carbohydrate molecule attached that play a role in cell-to-cell interaction

Answer 4

Glycoproteins

Question 5

This stabilizes the plasma membrane and maintains fluidity within it

Answer 5

Cholesterol

Question 6

The dissolving agent in a solution

Answer 6

Solvent

Question 7

The substance that is dissolved in a solution

Answer 7

Solute

Question 8

The passive process in which movement of solute particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Answer 8

Simple Diffusion

Question 9

Factors that affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 9

Solute particle size
Temperature
Viscosity of the solvent
Difference in the concentration gradient

Question 10

The comparison of solute concentrations

Answer 10

Tonicity

Question 11

Describes a solution that has a higher solute concentration

Answer 11

Hypertonic

Question 12

Describes a solution that has a lower solute concentration

Answer 12

Hypotonic

Question 13

Describes a solution that has an equal solute concentration

Answer 13

Isotonic

Question 14

The passive process by which water molecules move across a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 14

Osmosis

Question 15

Does Osmosis move along or against the solute concentration gradient?

Answer 15

Against

Question 16

The effect of osmosis on an animal cell when placed in a Hypotonic Solution

Answer 16

Lysis

Question 17

The state a plant cell enters when placed in an isotonic solution

Answer 17

Flaccidity

Question 18

The effect of Osmosis on a cell when it is placed into a Hypertonic Solution

Answer 18

Crenation (Plasmolysis)

Question 19

What is the preferred solution for an animal cell?

Answer 19

Isotonic

Question 20

What is the preferred environment for a plant cell? What happens to it?

Answer 20

Hypotonic Solution
It becomes Turgid

Question 21

The passive process by which large solute particles from an area of high concentration move to an area of low concentration through an integral protein

Answer 21

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 22

The movement of solute particles from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high concentration through integral proteins

Answer 22

Active Transport

Question 23

The movement of solutes into a cell through the formation of vesicles

Answer 23

Endocytosis

Question 24

The engulfment of large substances into a cell through vesicle formation. Sometimes referred to as “Cellular Eating”

Answer 24

Phagocytosis

Question 25

The intake of small solutes and water through the formation of vesicles from invaginations that form along the cell membrane. Sometimes referred to as "Cellular drinking"

Answer 25

Pinocytosis

Question 26

The intake of specific solutes into the cell through vesicle formation

Answer 26

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 27

The movement of solutes out of the cell through the formation of vesicles

Answer 27

Exocytosis

Question 28

Prokaryotic cell division

Answer 28

Binary Fission

Question 29

The period of cell growth during the interphase of Eukaryotic cell division

Answer 29

G1 Period

Question 30

Period of DNA synthesis during the Interphase of Eukaryotic cell division

Answer 30

S Period

Question 31

Period of mass cell structure production during the Interphase of Eukaryotic cell division

Answer 31

G2 Period

Question 32

The four phases of the Miotic Phase

Answer 32

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Question 33

The splitting of a parent cell into two daughter cells by separation of cytoplasm

Answer 33

Cytokinesis

Question 34

Miotic phase in which the Nucleolus disappears, mitotic spindles form, and chromosomes becomes thick and visible

Answer 34

Prophase

Question 35

The Miotic phase in which duplicated chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

Answer 35

Metaphase

Question 36

The Miotic phase in which sister chromatids separate and pull apart

Answer 36

Anaphase

Question 37

The Miotic phase in which two new nuclei form, and the nucleoli appear

Answer 37

Telophase

Question 38

What are the two methods of Cytokinesis between plant and animal cells?

Answer 38

Animal - Cleavage furrowing Plant - Cell Plate Formation

Question 39

The division of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells

Answer 39

Cytokinesis

Question 40

Contracting ring of microfilaments that pulls inwardly on the cell membrane

Answer 40

Cleavage Furrowing

Question 41

When the golgi vesicles of cellulose line up along the middle of a plant cell and fuse to form new cell walls

Answer 41

Cell Plate Formation