Trivia 6 Flashcards
(237 cards)
1
Q
What is Jim Backus known for?
A
Voice of Mr. Magoo and Thurston Howell on Gilligan’s Island.
2
Q
Who played Gilligan?
A
Bob Denver
3
Q
Where’s the Yungchen Salt Lake?
A
In China’s Shangxi province, which is in the Eastern middle of China under Mongolia
4
Q
Why is Xiexchi Lake (Yungchen Salt Lake) so many different colors?
A
The colors are caused by the algae Dunaliella salina, which turns red when exposed to high salinity and light intensity. When the plant produces protective carotenoid cells in response to the harsh environment, it makes colors. It’s green in normal marine environments.
5
Q
Why does the Yungchen Salt Lake have more life in it than the Dead Sea?
A
The Dead Sea is chloride-based whereas Yungchen is Sulfate-based.
6
Q
What are los penitentes
A
An outgrowth of Catholicism is Spain. Men do penance by wearing tall conical hoods, colors represent the division on Santa Semana (holy week) They predate and have nothing to do with the clan.
7
Q
How are the penitentes hoods different from the KKk?
A
The penitentes hoods are much taller.
8
Q
Who were the Hermanos Penitentes of New Mexico and Colorado?
A
A Catholic order of usually Hispanic men who would do penance for their sins by self mutilation such as flogging, cutting their backs, tying cactuses to their backs and kneeling on rocks. They were not endorsed by the Vatican. Outsiders considered them to be a secretive cult. During 1800s
9
Q
What was Persepolis?
A
The capital of the Persian Achaemenid empire from Darius I the Great to its destruction in 330 BC
10
Q
Who destroyed Persepolis?
A
Alexander the Great
11
Q
Historical order of 3 main Persian kings?
A
Cyrus the Great (founder)
Cambyses his son
Darius I the Great (moved capital to Persepolis
Xerxes I Darius’s son
12
Q
Which Persian emperor allowed the Jews to go home to rebuild Israel?
A
Cyrus the Great.
13
Q
Where in Iran was Persepolis located? What’s interesting about where it was?
A
East of Shiraz and Bushehr off Persian Gulf. Persepolis was in a very remote, hard to reach area and it took the Greeks awhile to find it.
14
Q
In Star Trek, what are Caitians?
A
Cat people, appeared throughout the series
15
Q
Who was the King of England during the revolutionary war?
A
George III
16
Q
How many George’s ruled during the Georgian period? They were from the house of …?
A
Hanover. 3 Georgians, culminating in George the III who lost the colonies. No his grandson George VI, not fondly remembered
17
Q
Who is considered to be the first King of England?
A
Athelstan 895-935 of Wessex, first to defeat Vikings and consolidate England
18
Q
Who invented lava lamps?
A
Edward Craven-Walker
19
Q
Oil and vinegar don’t mix because ?
A
The molecules in each substance have no attraction to one another. They’re immiscible
20
Q
What makes the globs in the lava lamps move up and down?
A
Heat causes the globs to be less dense, but once they float to the top, it’s cooler up there, so they loose heat and sink.
21
Q
What are the floating globs in lava lamps made of?
A
Mostly paraffin wax
22
Q
What is «Sauvignon» in French?
A
Wild vine. Sauvage and vigne
Type of grape that predates domestication of grape vines
23
Q
What are homophones?
A
Phones: pronounced alike but with different meanings and/or spellings. (Two, to, too or quail the bird, quail the bird)
24
Q
What are homographs?
A
Spelled alike but different in meaning or pronunciation. (Bow & arrow, bow of ship or quail bird quail verb)
25
What are homonyms?
Either a homophone or a homograph. Any word that sounds alike different meaning or spelled alike with a different meaning.
26
How can one remember the difference between homophones, homographs, and homonyms?
Greek roots!
Homo = same
Phone = sound phonos
Graph = write grapheine
Nym = name onyma
27
History of Thanksgiving holiday?
First proclaimed by George Washington in 1789. 1863 Lincoln declared Thanksgiving to officially fall on the last Thursday of November.
28
What year was the legendary « first thanksgiving » at Plymouth Rock?
1621
29
Which President tried to move Thanksgiving up by one week to stimulate the economy and was met with much resistance?
FDR in 1939
30
Was Thanksgiving celebrated in colonial America?
Religious Thanksgiving days were declared to give thanks for a bountiful harvest, but days varied. Second recorded Thanksgiving day feast occurred full two years after first.
31
Interesting facts about Squanto
Mostly known as the interpreter between pilgrims and Wampanoag
Was forcibly taken to Europe twice
Last of the Patuxet tribe
Real native name Tisquantum
32
When did Sir John Pringle live? What was his major accomplishment?
1707-1782 founder of modern military medicine. His work led to the Red Cross. He advanced the procedures of army camps and hospitals to improve sanitation.
33
John Pringle’s famous friend?
Benjamin Franklin
34
During what war did John Pringle first improve the condition of the military hospitals?
The War of Austrian Succession
35
Who was the last English Monarch to lead his army into battle in person?
King George II
36
How did John Pringle improve the military hospitals?
Improved ventilation
Waste disposal
Overcrowding
Field hospitals place in neutral zones
Each soldier got his own blanket
37
What was the theory of putrefaction as the cause for the spread of disease?
Cold, damp conditions caused the pores in the body to close, noxious substances would accumulate inducing body humors to turn against blood and organs causing them to putrefy.
38
When was the War of Austrian Succession?
1740-1748
39
Who fought who during the War of Austrian Succession?
Austria, England, Hanover, Dutch Republic against France, Prussia and Bavaria
40
What years did John Pringle improve sanitary conditions in military hospitals?
1742 start of Austrian Succession War - 1750s
41
What country is the sloth bear’s habitat?
India, some of Nepal and Sri Lanka.
42
What do sloth bears eat?
Ants and termites and fruit.
43
Why are there so many sloth bear attacks in India.
Too many people are pushing in on their habitat. Sloth bears react aggressively when surprised because they have to fight off tigers.
44
What does myrmecophagous mean?
Feeding on ants
45
Etymology of word “India”
From Sindhu, Sanskrit word for River. Persia and people in between pronounced S as H leading to Hindu then Indus and India. India means “land of or beyond” Indus.
46
What city is regarded as most holy in Hinduism?
Varanasi in the state of Uttar Pradesh. People go there to bathe or be cremated in the Ganges
47
What exactly is/was Bavaria?
The largest of the German states and kingdoms when they United in 1871 to form the German Empire. Located in the southeast and ethnically different from the north.
48
What was Prussia?
Essentially, Germany, mainly the Northern part along Baltic Sea.
49
When did Prussia become Germany?
1871 after Franco-German War
50
When did Prussia end?
It’s part of Germany, but it lost its supremacy after WWI. Most of its territories were lost in the Treaty of Versailles.
51
When was World War I?
1914-1918
52
What treaty ended World War I?
The Treaty of Versailles
53
What is Kumbh Mela?
in Hinduism, a religious festival that is celebrated four times over the course of 12 years, the site of the observance rotating between four pilgrimage places on four sacred rivers. Also called Kumbha Mela
54
What are the four locations considered holy for Kumbh Mela?
Nashik on the Godavari River, Prayagraj on the confluence of the Ganges and Jamuna, and Sarasvati? Ujjain on the Shipra River, Haridwar on The Ganges.
55
What is the main purpose of Kumbh Mela?
To wash away one’s sins in the sacred rivers.
56
What does “Uttar Pradesh”
And Andhra Pradesh mean?
Uttar Pradesh = North State
Andhra Pradesh = South
Madhya = Central
57
What was filth theory?
The theory that bad air or excrement, decaying matter, general dirtiness caused disease. Preceded germ theory.
58
What does “Devi” mean in Hindi and Sanskrit?
“Goddess” divine excellence
Also title for a married woman
59
What creatures eat ants?
Anteaters, aardvarks, armadillos, pangolins, sloth bears, people. Ant lion (an insect) birds:Antpittas , antbirds, flickers, sparrows,
Horned lizards
Pitcher plant
60
What is collagen?
Collagen is a hard, insoluble, and fibrous protein that makes up one-third of the protein in the human body. Found throughout body but mostly in bones, muscles, tendons
61
Collagen in skin
Fibrils in dermis support upper and new skin cells. When it’s depleted, there’s wrinkles
62
What is Typhus?
A disease caused by a bacteria called rickettsiae. Symptoms: purple rash, headache, delirium. High mortality during wars and famine. Vectors include mites, ticks, rat fleas, lice
63
Difference between typhus and typhoid fever?
Both involve fever. Typhus is transmitted through tiny pest bites whereas Typhoid comes from ingestion of fecal bacteria.
64
Difference between typhus and typhoid symptoms?
Typhus symptoms come on suddenly: headache purplish rash starts on trunk, low blood pressure, delirium
Typhoid: red spotted rash, symptoms gradual over longer period of time, stomach ache, bloating
65
Rickettsia bacteria versus salmonella typhi?
Rickettsia causes Typhus
Salmonella Typhi causes Typhoid
66
What was the first written account of typhus?
During the siege of Granada by the Spanish in 1489.
67
Historical casualties from Typhus?
Granada: 3,000 soldiers died in battle, 17,000 died from Typhus
1759 estimate that 25% of English prisoners died of Typhus
Napoleon’s retreat from Moscow: approximately 100,000!soldiers died in battle, 300,000 died from Typhus.
68
Etymology of Typhus
Comes from Greek word typhos meaning smoky or hazy
69
Greatest number of typhus deaths occurred…?
During World War I in Russia, Poland, Romania and other Eastern European countries.
70
Why is Jammu Kashmir disputed territory.
When Britain gave India and Pakistan independence and divided them into two countries in 1947 it stated the region can decide for itself. The population was mostly Muslim but let by a Hindu prince. The maharaja wanted to be independent, but Pakistani militants threatened him so he signed an agreement to belong to India. After many battles, certain regions went to both sides and some to China.
71
Who played the young couple in the first Gremlins movie?
Not Judge Reinhold and Phoebe Cates
Zach Galligan
72
What happened in the Karakoram mountain range in 1989
11 Pakistani soldiers led by Major Abdul Bilal saw two Indian sentries looking at them. He told them to leave. They loaded their weapons so shots were exchanged and one of the Indian men were killed. The battle of Peak 22,158 is the highest lethal ground combat ever recorded.
73
How did assistant geographer Robert Hodgson fuel the dispute in the Siachen Glacier region in 1968?
The Pakistani/Indian ceasefire line came to an abrupt stop before the Chinese border leaving approximately 40 miles in limbo. He drew a straight line to the border using the Karakoram pass of the ancient Silk Road as a marker. India wasn’t consulted.
74
What problems arise when drawing boundaries on maps?
A person’s village or property could be widely shown as being in the wrong country. During wartime, the wrong location could be bombed. A misplaced tiny line in The seemingly insignificant place could have major repercussions.
75
What region did China seize in 1969?
The high desert area of Aksai Chin formerly in disputed Kashmir.
76
Why did the Indian-Pakistani ceasefire line stop at NJ9842?
NJ9842 is the coordinate that stops 40 miles from the Chinese border. There was no line through the rugged, uninhabited heart of Karakoram. There was no population or natural resources to protect.
77
What’s the earliest definite outbreak of Typhus?
1489 in Spain. The Spanish army was trying to oust the Moors. The outbreak killed 17,000 of the 25,000 soldiers whereas only 3,000 died in combat.
78
Three names associated with germ theory
Chemist/Microbiologist Louis Pasteur
English Surgeon John Lister
German Physician Robert Koch
In the 1800s
79
How would one pasteurize something?
Heat it to kill all microorganisms
80
Louis Pasteurs contributions
Fermentation is caused by microorganisms
Pasteurization
Molecular asymmetry: molecules can have the same chemical composition with different structures
Contribution to germ theory
Developed vaccines for anthrax and rabies
81
Jospeh Lister’s contributions
Founder of antiseptic medicine
Applied germ theory to surgery
Reduced post surgery mortality from 50% to 15% approximately
82
What did Lister use to sterilize surgical instruments and wounds
Carbolic acid (phenol)
83
Listerine gets its name from…?
John Lister
84
When was Ireland plagued by Typhus epidemics?
Early part of 1800s. 1816-1819, late 1830s, 1846-1849 (during Great Irish Famine)
85
What is quercetin
A pigment found in many plants of the flavonoid group. A dietary supplement.
86
What foods have quercetin
Red Apples, honey, raspberries, onions, red grapes, cherries, leafy vegetables, tomatoes, Kale, red onions, capers, black, green and elderberry teas.
87
Medical benefits of quercetin?
Anti inflammatory, boost immunity, antioxidant that fights free radicals, improves blood vessel health and blood flow.
88
What did Robert Koch contribute to Germ Theory?
Discovered the disease cycle of Anthrax including that spores could remain viable for a long time and through hard conditions, (1876) Also discovered bacteria responsible for tuberculosis and cholera.
Pioneered techniques for studying microbes and their effects.
89
The concept that microscopic organisms could be cultivated outside the body was introduced by…
Louis Pasteur
90
What interesting idea is found in the writings of Roman encylopaedist, Marcus Terentius Varro in 100 BC
Disease was caused by tiny imperceptible particles entering the body.
91
First person to show that disease caused by microorganisms?
Agostino Bassi, 1808 and 1813, discovered a microscopic parasite fungus that plagued silkworms.
92
Where is anthrax found naturally?
In soil which is how wild animals get it.
93
How does one contract anthrax?
It’s not contagious. You get anthrax from breathing, ingestion or entrance into an open wound of spores.
94
What’s interesting about the Anthrax bacteria?
It’s not contagious, but it forms spores in dry conditions. These spores can be viable for 100 years and withstand very high and very low temperatures.
95
Who sings the 80s era song, Electric Blue?
Icehouse
96
How does penicillin work?
It kills bacteria by causing the walls of the bacteria to fail. Outside fluids rush in and the bacteria bursts.
97
What is penicillin?
The first antibiotic ever used. It’s made from the penicillium fungi
98
How does penicillin destroy bacterial cell walls?
Peptidoglycans create a mesh like structure around bacterial plasma membranes. When bacteria divided small holes open in its membrane that are normally quickly replaced. Penicillins block the protein struts that link the peptidoglycans together. This prevents the bacterium from closing the holes in its cell walls.
99
Who discovered penicillin?
Scottish bacteriologist, Alexander Fleming in 1928. When penicillium mold accidentally infected his bacteria culture.
100
Howard Florey and Ernst Chain…
Turned Flemish’s discovery of penicillin mold’s murder of bacteria into actual medicine.
101
The first person to receive penicillin?
Greatly improved, but later died because they didn’t have enough of the medicine.
102
What was the problem with making penicillin at first? How was it solved.
Growing it on the surface of pétri dishes didn’t produce enough so a bunch of guys in the US started growing it in a submerged culture in giant vats using corn steep liquor and lactose instead of sucrose in the medium. Also added penicillin precursor, phenylacetic acid to medium
103
When did penicillin become widely used.
In the 1940s after WWII
104
How does anthrax harm the body?
The bacteria produces toxins that cause hemorrhaging and necrosis. Smaller spores can enter bloodstream through alveoli and spread. Lethal toxin and edema toxin target certain cells and bind to their receptors.
105
Why were the Chicago 7 famous? Who were they.
The Chicago 7, originally 8, were tried for inciting a riot at the 1968 Democratic Convention.
106
Who were the 7 defendants of the Chicago 7?
Hippie leaders, Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin, Black Panther Party leader, Bobby Seale (8th removed and tried separately) activists Tom Hayden and Rennie Davis, old time liberal David Dellinger, Lee Weiner and John Froines.
107
Where in India is the Taj Majal located ?
City in Agra on the Jamuna River In Uttar Pradesh.
108
Who built the Taj Majal and when was it completed ?
Shah Jahan of the Mughal Empire. Taj Majal took 15 years to build and was finished in 1648.
109
What is Hydrogen sulfide? Where does it occur naturally?
H2S is a corrosive, flammable, toxic gas known as the fowl odor found in sewers and swamps(rotten egg smell) Because It’s heavier than air, it occurs in low lying enclosed spaces such as caves, wells, volcanoes, sewers.
110
What does « sari/saree » mean in Sanskrit?
Strip of cloth
111
What is plasticine?
Modeling medium which is synthetic and a substitute for clay. It is not play-doh and won’t dry out.
112
What is plasticine made of vs. what play doh is made of?
Plasticine is made from calcium salts, petroleum jelly and aliphatic acids. (65% gypsum, 10% petroleum jelly 10% lanolin and stearic acid, 5% lime. Play doh is water, flour and salt.
113
Who invented plasticine and when?
William Harbutt in England in 1897.
114
What was plasticine created for. How else is it used?
Used in sculpture class. Later used in claymation. Since it’s nontoxic and sterile, can also be used as a wound dressing.
115
Who are the four main ladies from Sex and the City?
Carrie (Sarah Jessica Parker)
Samantha (Kim Cattrall)
Miranda (Cynthia Nixon)
Charlotte (Kristin Davis)
116
What types of foods are toxic to cats?
Garlic, onions, raw eggs and meat, chocolate and caffeine drinks, alcohol and raw dough, milk, grapes and raisins.
117
What were the Chicago 7 protesting?
The US involvement in the war in Vietnam
118
The Chicago 7 were from what groups?
Yippies (Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin) Youth International Party, SDS Students for a Democratic Society - Tom Hayden, MOBE - David Dellinger and Rennie Davis -Mobilization Committee to End the war in Vietnam
119
Who was the judge at the Chicago 7 trial?
Julius Hoffman
120
What made the Chicago 7’s trial so dramatic?
Judge Hoffman was openly biased and hostile to defendants. Defendants antics, Bobby Seal was gagged & chained to his chair, Judge Hoffman handed out contempt of court charges for minor infractions such as not calling him “your honor”
121
Kristen Stewart’s first roll
Jodie Foster’s daughter in Panic Room 2002.
122
Who did the guy who played Ikarus on Eternals play in the Game of Thrones
Actor Richard Madden played Robb Stark.
123
Who did Gemma Chan (Eternal’s Serrsi) play prior in the Marvel verse?
Minn-Erva thé Kree in Captain Marvel
124
From where do we know the guy who plays Phastos on Eternals?
He’s Paper Boi in “Atlanta «
Actor Brian Tyree Henry
125
Origin of Roman Catholic Church?
First, in the gospel. Then when Constantine converted to Christianity and made it first legal (Edict of Milan 313AD) In an attempt to unify Rome, elements of pagan religions were incorporated including deifying Mary and patron saints of certain things.
126
Is green or yellow mucus worse?
Healthy mucus is clear. It goes from white to yellow to green. Green means body is fighting hard. May need antibiotics.
127
Who played Atticus Freeman in Lovecraft Country? What else has he been in?
Jonathan Majors
Noticed most in The Last Black Man in San Francisco. Upcoming in Harder They Fall, a Western with all black characters and Antman and the Wasp, Quantumania. Also in Loki, Da Five Bloods and White Boy Rick
128
Who was Jonathan Majors in Loki?
He appeared in the final episode as « he who remains »
129
What was Zazie Beetz in that I know?
Vanessa from Atlanta, Domino in Deadpool 2 and in The Harder They Fall
130
What cool rolls has Yahya Abdul-Mateen had?
Manta, Aquaman movie, New Candyman, new Morpheus, Dr. Manhattan in Watchmen TV show
131
Who faced off against Michael Jackson in the video for “Bad”?
Wesley Snipes✅
132
What are some movies Wesley Snipes has been in?
Jungle Fever, New Jack City, Demolition Man, Coming 2 America, Dolomite is my name, Mo’ Better Blues, White Men Can’t Jump, To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything Julie Newmar. Passenger 57, The Expendables 3, Chi-Rac, Major League (New TV show)
133
Some Catholic beliefs about Mary…
She herself was an immaculate conception
She was taken directly into Heaven
She was sinless
She can make intercession for you to God
134
How did non biblical ideas become doctrine in Catholic Church
There’s a belief that the Bible isn’t enough to teach people. People tend to misinterpret and misunderstand scripture, so the Holy Ghost speaks to Popes and orher high up men and their words are considered from God.
135
What was the Council of Nicaea?
The first formal meeting of the Christian church to address conflicting ideas. Called by Constantine I in 325 AD
136
What was the main issue addressed in the Council of Nicaea?
A priest, Arius of Alexandria, questioned the full divinity of Christ. Said he was inferior to and not equal to God.
137
Which state executes the most people?
Texas
138
How many people were executed in the US in 2021?
11
10 male one female
139
Where and when did the TV series, Deadwood take place?
South Dakota in the 1870s
140
What can contribute to the rise of superbugs?
Over prescription of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistant illnesses.
141
Why our bodies are made so sweet taste produces happiness
Sweetness signals presence of lots of calories and energy necessary for survival
142
How does bacteria become immune to antibiotics?
producing proteins called enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic, drain the medicine from bacterial cells, restrict the antibiotic’s entry, or bypass its effects.
143
Why are antibiotics being taken for COVID which is viral?
Unsubstantiated belief that there could be co-infections or that the antibiotics calm overreaction of the immune system
People are self medicating
Doctors are covering their bases in areas where proper tests and care are hard to access or unaffordable
144
Ben and Jerry’s extremely tasty and flavorful ice cream flavors can be attributed to…
Ben Cohen anosmia (can’t smell or taste well) so it takes a lot of ingredients for him to be able to taste anything
145
Ben and Jerry’s last named
Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield
146
Etiology of “Catholic”
The word Catholic (derived via Late Latin catholicus, from the Greek adjective καθολικός katholikos 'universal') comes from the Greek phrase καθόλου katholou 'on the whole, according to the whole, in general'
147
Who invented the first ice cream maker?
Nancy Johnson in 1846
Hand cranked machine using coarse salt and ice
148
Why add salt to ice cream making process?
It keeps it from melting. Salt water has a higher freezing point.
149
Who wrote “pastoral Care, in which he wrote, "Act in such a way that your humility may not be weakness, nor your authority be severity. Justice must be accompanied by humility, that humility may render justice lovable.”
Pope Gregory I, in “Pastoral Care” Papacy, 590-604
150
Pope Gregory I’s accomplishments
First to send missionaries (To England)
To deal with the famine, Gregory instituted a city-wide penance, fed people from the church's granaries, and organized systematic relief for the poor.
Removed high officials guilty of pride and misdeeds
Reconciled many independent bishops
Laid framework for management of church owned land for Papal
States
Promoted monastery life, build one on his property
Established supremacy of the Pope in Rome
Demanded tolerance and non violence against Jews, protecting their rights
A Pope from a monastic background
151
What and when were The Papal States?
Territories in Central Italy controlled directly by papacy
756-1870
152
What were the three Jewish uprisings against Rome?
First uprising 66-70 AD resulted in destruction of the 2nd Temple
Second, Kitos War 115-117
Third, Bar Kochba Revolt 132-136, resulted in Jews permanently being kicked out of Jerusalem until 1948
153
What year were Jews given back Isreal?
1948
154
Who plays The Falcon, now Captain America? What is the character’s name?
Anthony Mackie is the actor
Sam Wilson is the character
155
Who played Mariah Dillard (Stokes) in Luke Cage?
Alfre Woodard
156
Who played Darrel in The Office?
Craig Robinson
157
What has Regina King been in?
Angela Abar from Watchmen TV show
Brenda in 227, Southland, Seven Seconds, American Crime,
Jerry Maguire
Ray (about Ray Charles)
Harder they fall, Boyz in da Hood, If Beale Street Could Talk, Miss Congeniality
Director of One Night in Miami )w/Aldiss Hodge
158
Who was Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyon?
He lived 120/140-200 ish AD, only 3 genetations removed from Jesus, John the Apostle, Polycarp. Like these men before him he wanted to combat false teachings. He was Greek and combatted Gnosticism. His name means peacemaker
159
Why did Irenaeus go to Gaul/Lyon
Christians there had been facing hardship. The area had suffered many plagues and enemy raids and the Christians were persecuted. Pothinus, the Bishop died in prison. Circa 177 AD
160
What are the Priscilla Catacombs?
What’s interesting about what was found there?
The Priscilla Catacombs is an archeological site in Rome that was a Christian burial site in the 3rd century. Artwork there appears to be Mary nursing Jesus and thus the earliest depiction of Mary.
161
In what year was the Suez Canal Completed?
1869
162
How many shipwrecks have there been around The Cape of Good Hope?
At least 2,000 have been wrecked while going around the Southern tip of South Africa
163
In 2021, the 20,000 TEU container ship, Ever Given…
Blocked the Suez Canal for 6 days because strong winds caused it to turn and run aground, The back and front thus blocking the canal.
164
What is chaturanga
A game that was a precursor to chess played in India in the 6th century.
165
When was the first World Chess Tournament? Who won it?
1886
Won by Wilhelm Steinitz
166
What does « Chrysostom » mean referring to John Chrysostom?
« Chrysostomos » means « golden mouth »
He was eloquent, honest and direct Christian preacher in the late 300s which brought him fame throughout the empire.
167
What happened to John Chrysostom (John of Antioch) in 398 AD
He was kidnapped and brought to Constantinople to be the archbishop. He was exiled to Asia Minor where he died because he was too honest with important people.
168
First civilization to mint and mass produce coins?
Ancient Chinese city of Guanzhuang - 640-550BC
Lydia in Turkey - 575-550BC
Guanzhuang spade coins weren’t made of precious metal
169
Define fiduciary
held or founded in trust or confidence
a fiduciary relationship
a bank's fiduciary obligations
b : holding in trust
c : depending on public confidence for value or currency
170
2 Chronicles 20
171
How did William and Ellen Craft escape slavery in Georgia in 1848?
Since Ellen’s dad was her mother’s owner, she had fair skin, so she disguised herself as a man who was travelling with his slave, her husband. The fugitive slave act of 1850 threatened their safety in Boston, so they moved to London.
172
Who were the Chicago 7´s defense attorneys?
William Kunstler and Leonard Weinglass
173
What is a dacoit?
A member of a gang of armed robbers in India and Burma.
174
What is Phoolan Devi known for?
Known as The Bandit Queen. She ran away from a much older abusive husband and became the leader of a gang and in 1981 took revenge on those who gang raped her killing 22. Went to jail for 11 years, was pardoner and served as a politician until assassinated in 2001.
175
What’s interesting about Phoolan Devi being elected to parliament besides that she’s a murderer.
She was rhe first low caste woman to serve in parliament
176
Etymology of word « sabbath »
From Hebrew word « shabat » which means « to stop »
177
Where in history does the gospel of Mark begin
With John the Baptist, first chapter mentions the prophecy in Isaiah.
178
Who was Mark Spitz? Why is he famous?
American swimmer who, at the 1972 Olympics in Munich, became the first athlete to win seven gold medals in a single Games.
179
Why is the Egyptian pharaoh, Narmer, significant ?
Pharaoh of Upper Egypt circa 3000BC, he led conquest of Lower Egypt thus uniting the land and founding Egypt’s first dynasty.
180
What was Baron von Steuben famous for?
Von Steuben was a talented Prussian military leader who trained and organized the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. Also, he was probably openly gay
181
How did Von Steuben reform the Continental Army?
Created a progressive system of training. Pioneered harsh drill sergeant yelling insults at recruits, created simpler, faster firing drill and introduced sanitation to the camp.
182
Why did von Steuben come to work for America?
He was broke and couldn’t get a job in Europe. Partly, perhaps, due to denigration for his homosexuality. He initially refused Benjamin Franklin’s offer.
183
What was Baron von Steuben’s Blue Book
Titled, regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States” It was the official guide to military training and maneuvers. Set duties and responsibilities for all military ranks and positions.
184
Who was Peggy Shippen?
Benedict Arnold’s second wife and 20 years younger. A beautiful socialite from a wealthy family,. It is now believed she had something to do with Arnold’s turning on the Continental Army.
185
What leads historians to believe Peggy Shippen was complicit in Benedict Arnold’s treason?
? She was friends with John Andrè, the British officer who Arnold contacted and offered to provide information
186
How old was Queen Elizabeth II when she became queen and in what year?
27 years old in 1952
25 when father died
27 at corination
187
Name some brave US female lighthouse keepers.
Ida Lewis, Newport Harbor 1869
Saved 25 people in 56 years. Took boat into storm to save drowning soldiers
188
America’s first female lighthouse keeper
Hannah Thomas in 1776 taking over for her husband
189
How were lighthouses lit before electricity?
Coal or wood, then candles & oil fueled lamps reflected through powerful lenses.
190
Queen Victoria’s accomplishments during her reign
Reigned at the height of England’s empire
Supported charities, arts and civic reform and made thecroyals popular again
191
What is Kurut?
Dried yaks milk. Made and used by the Kyrgyz nomads of Afghanistan. Can be stored and used in the winter with milk or sit in mouth for awhile.
192
How does one make kurut?
Boil yak’s milk slowly for a long time. Then dry in the sun. Finished product is hard as a stone.
193
The Kyrgyz nomads dont have…
Wood or vegetables. Have to travel a week to village to barter animals for flour to make bread.
194
What is the traditional Inuit diet like?
All meat, only boiled meat. Whale, seal, polar bear, fish and birds.
195
Where do the Inuit store their meat?
In wooden boxes outside the village. Its that cold.
196
What comic strip does Berkeley Breathed (Berk Breathed) write?
Bloom County
197
What does “suzerainty” mean?
“Upper sovereign” something between sovereignty and being controlled by another. A suzerainty is for all purposes independent, but shows deference to other power.
198
Name some examples of suzerainty
USA over Puerto Rico, Micronesia, Tonga and Hawaii?
Denmark over Greenland
Britain over Channel Islands and Mann and Gibraltar
Tanzania over Zanzibar
199
Name some historical examples of suzerainty
Ottoman Empire over Wallachia, Moldavia, Upper Hungary, Republic of Ragusa, Serbian Despotate - vassal states over which there was no direct control.
Isreal when it was a kingdon
Tributary states of the Manchu Qing Dynasty
200
Who was the United State’s first non-white Vice President?
Charles Curtis, VP to Herbert Hoover from 1929 to 1933. Curtis was a member of the Kaw Nation. (His father was white and his mother was one quarter Kaw, but he spend time of the reservation as a child.
201
What is the significance of Varanasi, India?
One of the oldest continually inhabited cities in the world, its location in Uttar Pradesh on the Ganges is the most sacred in Hinduism. Hindu aspire to make at least one pilgramage there and its the ideal spot to die.
202
What is Panchkoshi or Panchakosi
Road that surrounds Varanasi. Hindu pilgrams walk the circle.
203
What was the Saraswati River
A lost river mentioned in ancient Hindu vedic scriptures. The Saraswati, along with the Ganges and Jamuna made up the holy triumvirate of Hindu Rivers.
204
Where do people think the Saraswati River was?
Believed to originate in Adi Bhadri in Northern Indian state of Haryan and run south parallel to Indus East if it to the Arabian Sea on India’s West side.
205
What four Indian States border Pakistan from south to north?
Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir
206
When did the fork become widely used in Europe and America?
Mid late 1800s inspired by Queen Victoria.
207
When/where was the fork first used?
In Rome in the kitchen. Large two-pronged forks speared meat. Used in 8th and 9th centuries in Byzantium. Byzantine princess brought it to Venice and was scorned.
208
What’s an auroch?
An extinct large long-horned wild ox (Bos primigenius) of Europe that is the ancestor of domestic cattle
209
How can you tell the difference between red oak and white oak leaves?
Red oak leaves are pointy. White oak leaves are rounded.
210
Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th amendment
211
When did women get the right to vote in the United States ?
19th amendment passed in 1919. Ratified in 1920
212
When did women get the right to vote in England?
1918
213
What countries gave women the right to vote before the US?
New Zealand 1893
Australia 1902
Finland 1906
Norway 1913
Denmark, Iceland 1915
Canada, Russia 1917
Poland , Germany, England 1918
214
The 15th Amendment…?
Granted african American men the right to vote.
215
What is parchinkari?
Also called pietra dura, is the inlay technique of using cut and fitted, highly polished colored stones to create images. Seen in the Taj Majal
216
In archeology, what is a venus?
A very early type of sculpture found throughout Europe and Russia from the paleolithic period of very small female figures, often with large stomach, breasts and buttocks, but no head or a formless head. Sculpred in stone, bone or ivory or clay
217
How old are the venuses found by archeologists?
35,000 to 12,000 years ago
218
The Hohle Fels venus…
Is the oldest venus discovered so far. It dates back 35,000 years
219
A theory as to why some of the venuses found were skinny.
The skinny venuses are newer and found in areas that weren’t covered in ice at the time. They’re skinny perhaps because starvation was less of a concern
220
What are the conflicting theories of the venuses purpose?
They’re fertility idols symbolic of beauty, health, motherhood. Modern theories suggest they are womens self portraits.
221
What is a plinth?
An architectural term, a block serving as the base or foundation, a subbase. Where moldings and trim have stopped
222
In 1912, what did German archeologist, Ludwig Borchardt discover?
An extraordinarily well preserved bust of Queen Nefertiti in Amarna
223
If you eat something that gives you gas, how long does it take to feel the effects?
6-8 hours
224
What pharaoh was Nefertiti married to?
Amenhotep IV - later known as Akhenaten
225
What was remarkable about the bust of Nefertiti that Borchardt found
It was intact, remarkably well preserved with the color of the paint still showing after being buried 3000 years. Showed very well whay the queen looked like and how beautiful she was.
226
What did Amenhotep IV try to do?
During his reign, 1349 to 1336 he decided Egypt would be monotheistic worshiping only one god, Aten, the sun god Aten. art also changed abandoning the rigid tradition and using curved lines. He also built a whole new capital East of Thebes in Amarna, art depicted his family’s life intimately.
227
Why was Nefertiti unique
She had a lot of power and influence as well as her own temple. Ruled as an equal to her husband. She was the subject of much art, one even showing her smiting a female enemy.
228
Who was pharoah before King Tut (Tutankhamun)?
Amenhotep IV and Nefertiti. Tut may have been Amenhotep’s son.
229
What does jawab refer to
A red sandstone building built opposite the mosque in the taj mahal. Jawab literally means “answer” and it was built to maintain architectural balance.
230
What is an iwan?
An architectural term for a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open
231
In 479 BC, what happens at the battle of Plataea and Mycale?
The Greeks definitively defeat Xerxes and stop the Persian invasion of Greece.
232
Who was Themistocles?
The leader of the Greek navy at the Battle of Salamis.
233
Who won the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC?
The union of Greek city states despite being outnumbered.
234
How did the Greek’s beat Xerxes in the Battle of Salamis?
Lured Persian fleet into the narrow waters of the strait at Salamis
235
What is a cenotaph?
A monument to someone who is buried elsewhere.
236
Why did Aristodemus withdraw from the battle of Thermopylae? What was his fate?
Leonidas gave two Spartan soldiers permission to withdraw due to illness, Eurytus and Aristodemus. Eurytus stayed and was killed in battle. Aristodemus returned to Sparta and was shunned as a coward. He died a year later trying to redeem himself in the battle of Plataea.
237
What elements are in gypsum?
Calcium & sulfur
Calcium sulfate
CaSO4
