Tu - Clinical Aspects of MS Flashcards
How many MS patients are there globally?
2-3 million
1 in how many individuals have MS in BNL?
1-2 in 1000
What is the typical age for MS?
20-40 years
What can be said about the prognosis and onset for MS in males compared to females?
Prognosis worse, males get it later
MS is associated with (lower/higher) levels of vit D
Lower
What is the function of myelin?
To mediate the transmission of electrical impulses through the neurons.
What are the typical places for lesions in MS patients? (5)
Juxta-cortico lesions, cerebellum, brainstem, periventricular, spinal cord
What are symptoms that are characteristic for optic neuritis? (3)
Pain behind the eye, disturbance of colour vision, decreased visual activity
What is Lhermitte’s symptom?
Electrical shocks through the lower back and into the arms when they do flexion of their neck.
Is Lhermitte’s symptom specific for MS?
No
What are the 3 types of MS?
Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS), Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS), Primary Progressive MS
What is the most common type of MS?
Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS)
How is MS diagnosed? Explain the criteria.
McDonald Criteria, Dissemination in space and time.
Dissemination in space meaning that there must be at least 2 lesions in different sites in the CNS, located at the characteristic places for MS.
Dissemination in time meaning that there must be more than one relapse or Symptoms with presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid.
To which patients should natalizumab not be given and why? (simple)
Patients with JC virus, because natalizumab stops leukocytes from crossing the brain blood barrier, meaning it cannot stop the JC virus from infecting the brain.
True or false: 2nd line treatment for MS is more effective and comes with more side effects
True
