Tumors of the Respiratory System Flashcards
(82 cards)
A recent retrospective study of feline tracheal mass lesions found _____ to be most common type. MST for tracheal LSA was _______, which was significantly longer than other tumor types at ________.
- LSA
- MST LSA: 7 months
- MST other: 21 days
In a retrospective study evaluating 42 cats with nasal carcinoma treated with external beam RT, cats who underwent definitive intent RT (SRT/FRT) had a significantly prolonged PFS (________) and MST (_______) than cats who underwent palliative RT (PFS: ________; MST: ______). Dogs who underwent a 2nd course of radiation had a significantly better survival time (______ vs. _____).
- PFS definitive: 17 months
- MST definitive: 24 months
- PFS palliative: 7 months
- MST palliative: 10 months
- MST 2 courses: 28mo
- MST 1 course: 15mo
**Dogs with modified Adam’s stage 4 sinonasal cancer treated with definitive-intent IMRT have PFS of _____ and MST of ______.
PFS: 6 months
MST: 11 months
The oMST in cats with nasal carcinoma treated with palliative RT is __________; and cats with Adams modified stage IV and facial deformity had significantly reduced survival times of _____ and _____, respectively. Improvement in clinical signs was seen in ____%.
- oMST: 11 months
- MST stage 4: 5 months
- MST facial deformity: 2
- improvement: 86%
A prospective trial evaluating Palladia as primary or adjuvant agent in canine nasal carcinoma was performed. Overall response rates (CR + PR) were significantly improved in the Palladia + RT group (___%) and RT group (___%) over the Palladia alone (____%). Clinical benefit rates (CR + PR + SD) were significantly improved in the Palladia + RT group (___%) over the RT alone (___%). Although not statistically different, the MST of the Palladia + RT group was _____, the RT alone group was ______, and the Palladia alone group was _____.
- ORR Palladia + RT: ~79%
- ORR RT: ~69%
- ORR Palladia: 22%
- CB Palladia + RT: 97%
- CB RT: 79%
- MST Palladia + RT: 21 months
- MST RT: 12 months
- MST Palladia: 10 months
A recent retrospective study evaluated dogs with frontal sinus carcinoma and reported ___% of dogs had a subjective regression of skull deformity to Palladia and meloxicam and MST was _____. ______ may be over-represented, and _____ breeds were most commonly affected (70%).
- 80%
- MST: 6mo
- Jack russel terrier
- mesocephalic breeds
***A recent retrospective evaluated behavior of sinonasal OSA in 27 dogs. ___% of dogs with intranasal OSA develop metastasis at a median of ______. The median time to local progression is ______, and the MST is _______.
- 30%
- 15 months
- TTP: 11 months
- MST: 14 months
What is the MST of dogs with advanced stage nasal carcinoma (stage 3 or 4) treated with Palladia? Dogs with ______ in this study had a longer survival of ______ compared to dogs without at ________.
-oMST: 5 months
- epistaxis
- MST epistaxis: 6 months
- MST no epistaxis: 3 months
Dogs and cats who are exposed to household radon have a ____-fold higher chance of developing primary pulmonary neoplasia.
2-fold
A recent study evaluated hypofractionated radiotherapy (7-12 Gy/fraction in 4-7 fractions once weekly for a total of 40-50 Gy) in 9 dogs with unresectable solitary lung adenocarcinoma. The PR rate was ___% and SD was ___%. Acute and late AE’s of the skin and/or lungs occurred in ___%, which were self-limiting. 78% underwent lobectomy 2 months following RT.
- PR: 67%
- SD: 33%
- 100% AEs
A recent paper evaluated the distribution of histopathologic types of primary neoplasia in 340 dogs. The MST significantly differed between histologic types. The MST for neuroendocrine tumors was ____, ____ for carcinoma, and ____ for histiocytic sarcoma.
MST
- Neuroendocrine: 17mo
- Carcinoma: 13mo
- HS: 10mo
Retrospective evaluation of a modified human lung cancer stage classification in 71 dogs with surgically excised pulmonary carcinoma was recently performed. MST was significantly different between stages at ____ for stage 1, ____ for stage 2, ____ for stage 3, and ___ for stage 4.
MST:
- Stage I: 32mo
- Stage II: 22mo
- Stage III: 5mo
- Stage IV: 2mo
Retrospective study evaluating the efficacy of SBRT for primary canine pulmonary carcinoma was performed. PFS was ____, and MST was ______ with ____% alive at 1 year. ____% of evaluable dogs experienced acute lung AEs and ___% of evaluable dogs experienced late lung AEs. CR rate was ___%, PR was ___%, and SD was ____%. Did stage significantly influence MST?
- PFS: 8mo
- MST: 11mo; 1 year: 40%
- 28% acute AEs
- 17% late AEs
- CR: 17%, PR: 42%, SD: 42%
- Stage did not impact MST
Survival analysis for dogs undergoing metronomic chemotherapy (low dose Cytoxan, piroxicam, and thalidomide) was performed in dogs with advanced primary pulmonary carcinoma. TTP was ___ in MC treated dogs, ____ in dogs undergoing surgery, ____ in MTD chemotherapy dogs, and ______ in dogs with no treatment. MST was ____ in MC group, ______ in surgery group, ______ in MTD group, and ______ in no treatment group.
- MC TTP: 6 months
- Sx TTP: 3 months
- MTD TTP: <1mo
- No tx TTP: <1mo
- MC MST: 5 months
- Sx MST: 3 months
- MTD MST: 2 months
- No tx MST: 2 months
The outcome of 34 dogs with malignant mesothelioma was assessed. For the 25 dogs treated with intra-cavitary and/or IV chemotherapy, the ORR was ___% after 3 weeks and ____% after 15 weeks. The oMST was ______. MST was _____ for dogs receiving chemotherapy and _____ for dogs not receiving chemotherapy. The 1-year survival rate was ___% for all dogs. ________ was the only significant prognostic indicator.
- 37%
- 24%
- oMST: 7 months
- MST chemo: 8 months
- MST no chemo: 1 month
- 22%
- treatment with chemotherapy
A recent study evaluating outcome of 40 dogs with malignant mesothelioma was performed. Some dogs were treated with surgery. The MST of dogs treated with chemotherapy was _______ compared to _____ in dogs with no chemotherapy. Complete resolution of effusion following 1st chemotherapy administration positively correlated with survival (______ vs. ______). ______ was the sole variable associated with survival.
- MST chemo: 12 months
- MST no chemo: 3 months
- MST w/ CR: 14 months
- MST w/ out CR: 5 months
- Chemotherapy
The oMST in cats with metastatic pulmonary carcinoma treated with anti-neoplastic drugs, NSAIDs, steroids or no treatment is ____. What was the only factor that influenced survival in multivariate analysis?
- MST: 2 months
- presence of respiratory signs at presentation
Thorascopic resection of lung masses in dogs reported a MST of ____, clean margins in ___%, and conversion rate of ___%. ______ and _____ were associated with increased risk of conversion.
- MST: 10mo
- Clean margins: 88%
- Conversion: 26%
- larger tumor diameter (>/= 5cm) and lymphadenopathy
Re-irradiation of non-lymphomatous nasal tumors using SRT (10Gy x 3) for both courses was evaluated in 11 dogs. Clinical benefit was seen in ____% after SRT #1 and ____% after SRT #2. OST from SRT #1 was ____ and SRT #2 was _____. Adverse effects after SRT #2 occurred in ____%, which included fistula formation in ____%, seizures in ___%, and rhinitis in ____%.
- CB SRT#1: 91%, CB SRT#2: 45%
- OST after SRT#1: 25mo, after SRT#2: 15mo
- AE’s 73%
- Fistula 27%, seizures 18%, rhinitis 18%
Patterns of local residual disease and local failure after IMRT for sinonasal tumors in dogs was recently evaluated with a reported in-field failure rate of ____%.
75%
A recent retrospective case series of 28 dogs with nasal tumors treated with SBRT (3 consecutive-day fractions of 9 or 10 Gy or once with 1 fraction of 20Gy) was performed. The MST was ______. Similar incidence of late effects compared to conventionally fractionated RT was observed and lower acute adverse effects were seen.
MST 13mo
A recent retrospective study of IMRT-based SRT (median 3000 centigray in 3 fractions) for 17 dogs with nasal carcinoma reported a clinical benefit of ___% with a PR of ___% and CR of ____%. PFS was ____ and OST was _____. Acute AE’s were reported in ___% and were mostly low grade. Late AE’s occurred in ____% and was severe in ____%. Only _____ was prognostic for survival.
- CB: 88%
- CR: 10%
- PR: 60%
- PFS: 12mo
- OST: 19mo
- Acute AEs: 50%
- Late AEs: 87%
- Severe: 37%
- Response
***A recent retrospective study of 129 dogs with nonlymphomatous intranasal tumors treated with SRT (10Gy x 3) reported prolonged survival and minimal risk of severe toxicity. EFST was _____ and OST was ____. ______ improved EFST and OST. _____, ____, and ____ were associated with shorter outcome.
- EFST: 8mo
- OST: 18mo
- Multimodal therapy improved outcome
- CSA, TCC, and SCC
A recent retrospective study evaluated “QUAD shot” regime for 7 cats with sinonasal carcinomas, which consisted of 4Gy delivered in 4 fractions within 48h, with a minimum of 6h between 2 treatments, and repeated every 3-4 weeks for a total dose of 48Gy. The MST was ____, the 1-year survival rate was _____% and 2-year was _____%. Improvement of clinical signs was seen in ____%.
- MST: 15mo
- 1 year: 80%
- 2 year: 0%
- improvement: 86%
