-- Flashcards
(24 cards)
What was the sensitivity and specificity of a blood-based liquid biopsy test
integrating cell-free DNA quantification and next-generation
sequencing for cancer screening (LSA, leukemia, HSA, OSA, primary lung tumors, HS, urothelial carcinoma) in dogs?
Sensitivity: 71%
Specificity: 99%
Efficacy and toxicity of carboplatin for treatment of macroscopic mesenchymal neoplasia was performed. ORR was ____ with median time to progression of ____. Responses were only seen in patients with what type of cancer?
- ORR: 14%, 42 days
- HSA
Capecitabine for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic carcinoma of various origin was assessed in 25 dogs. Overall clinical benefit rate was ___%. PFI was _____, and median tumor specific survival was ____. Toxicity occurred in ___% with _____ being most common.
- clinical benefit: 86%
- PFI: 93d
- MST: 9mo
- toxicity: 68%; GI
A phase I dose escalating clinical trial for trametinib was performed in dogs with cancer (Vail). What was the MTD? What were the DLTs?
- MTD: 0.5mg/m2/day PO
- DLTs: hypertension, proteinuria, lethargy, elevated ALP
A retrospective analysis of 18 dogs with malignant ovarian tumors was performed. The most common type was _______, followed by ________ and ________. The MST was _____. Predictors of ST were ______, ______, and ______.
- most common: granulosa cell tumor
- second most common: dysgerminoma
- third most common: adenocarcinoma
- MST: 34 months
- T category, presence of metastasis, lymphovascular space invasion
An open-label escalation study evaluating tolerability and safety of temozolomide in dogs with advanced cancer established a MTD of ______. The DLT was ______ and _____ at what dose?
- MTD 150mg/m2
- DLT: grade 3 hepatic toxicity and grade 4 thromboctyopenia
- DLT: 160mg/m2
A phase 1 dose escalating study of oral cyclophosphamide in tumor bearing cats was performed. What was the MTD? What was the DLT?
- MTD: 460mg/m2
- DLT: Neutropenia at 7-21 days
A dose escalation study of intravenous cyclophosphamide in cats with cancer was performed. What was the MTD?
- MTD: 480mg/m2
- DLT: neutropenia
Assessment of tumor enhancement by contrast-enhanced CT in solid tumor-bearing dogs treated with Palladia was evaluated. What were the response rates? ____% showed a decrease in tumor contrast-enhancement.
- PR: 22%
- SD: 61%
- PD: 17%
- 83% decreased tumor CE
A 2011 paper evaluated the biologic activity of Palladia in dogs with various solid tumors (metastatic OSA, thyroid, head and neck and nasal carcinoma, AGASACA). What was the overall clinical benefit? What was the clinical benefit of each cancer and its response rates?
- overall CB: 74%
- metastatic OSA
–> CB: 48%
–> CR 4%
–> SD 43% - thyroid carcinoma:
–> CB: 80%
–> PR: 27%
–> SD: 53% - head and neck carcinoma:
–> CB: 88%
–> CR: 13%
–> PR: 63%
–> SD: 13% - nasal carcinoma:
–> CB: 71%
–> CR: 14%
–> SD: 57% - AGASACA:
–> CB: 88%
–> PR: 25%
–> SD: 63%
A study evaluating post-operative adjuvant treatment using Palladia against adenocarcinoma in dogs was performed. Median TTP for dogs treated with surgery and Palladia was ____, which was significantly higher than dogs treated with surgery alone at _____. In dogs treated with surgery and Palladia, _____ and ______ were significantly lower in tissue sampled at second surgery compared to first surgery.
- TTP surgery + Palladia: 12mo
- TTP surgery alone: 10mo
- VEGFR2 and # of Tregs and HIF1-a+ cells
Lapatinib was evaluated as first-line treatment for urothelial carcinoma in dogs. What were the response rates in lapatinib/piroxicam group? What was the PFS and MST of the dogs in the lapatinib + piroxicam group compared to piroxicam only group?
- CR: 2%
- PR: 52%
- SD: 34%
- PD: 12%
- PFS lapatinib/piroxicam: 6mo
- PFS piroxicam: 3mo
- MST lapatinib/piroxicam: 15mo
- MST piroxicam: 7mo
A retrospective study evaluating concurrent carboplatin and 5-FU in 24 dogs with various carcinomas. The most common adverse event was _______ (______ > ______) at ____%. What was the response rate in the gross disease setting?
- myelosuppression (thrombocytopenia > neutropenia)
- 58%
- RR: 43% (3 CR, 3 PR)
A pilot study evaluating the tolerability of a 3 Gy x 10 daily 3D-conformal palliative radiation therapy protocol plus Palladia for the treatment of measurable carcinomas in 15 dogs was performed. ____% experienced acute RT side effects and ___% experienced Palladia side effects.
- 87%
- 100%
A recent study evaluated NF-kB activity in canine LSA, HS, MCT, and HSA tumors. To assess activity, antibodies to p65 and p100/p52 were used. Greater than ___% of tumors had increased p65 and p100/p52 immunoreactivity compared to normal tissue. Specifically, ___% of tumors had positive p65 nuclear labeling and ___% had positive p100/p52 nuclear labeling. Surprisingly, greater p100/p52 reactivity was associated with longer PFS and OS in which type of cancer?
- 70%
- 71%
-92% - lymphoma
A retrospective comparison of first and second opinion histopathology with patient outcomes in veterinary oncology cases was performed. Diagnostic disagreement was found in ___% of cases. Complete disagreement (change in degree of malignancy or tumor type) occurred in ___% cases and partial disagreement (change in subtype, grade, margins, MC) occurred in __%. Major disagreement (change in diagnosis resulting in change of treatment recommendations) occurred in ___% of cases. Among cases with any form of disagreement natural history of disease favored second opinion in ___%.
- 50%
- 16%
- 34%
- 39%
- 33%
The incidence of GI toxicity in canine cancer patients treated with concurrent abdominal RT and Palladia was evaluated. Patients undergoing concurrent therapy had significantly increased rates of any grade of _____, _______, and _____, as well as severe ______ when compared across treatment groups.
- diarrhea, hyporexia, vomiting
- hyporexia
A recent retrospective study evaluating the frequency of adverse events in 155 dogs undergoing chemotherapy was performed. AE was reported at least once in ___% and severe AE (sAE) was observed in ___%. Among them, ___% had GI and ___% had myelotoxic events. sAE led to hospitalization in ___%, chemotherapy arrest in ___%, and death or euthanasia in ___%. What type of cancer was associated with higher frequency of AE and hospitalization?
- 80%
- 32%
- 15%
- 20%
- 24%
- 8%
- 5%
- hematopoietic tumors
The effects of a high fiber and protein dry diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids on QOL in dogs undergoing chemotherapy was evaluated in a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study. Of 12 QOL parameters, ___ significantly improved from baseline to week 8 in test group compared to ___ in control group. Differences between the two groups were only statistically significant for ___________________.
- 10
- 1
- frequency of signs of illness
A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial comparing the incidence and severity of GI AEs in dogs with cancer treated with piroxicam alone or in combination with omeprazole or famotidine was performed. How did the incidence and severity of GI adverse events (AEs) in dogs compare between the omeprazole, famotidine, and placebo groups?
Incidence of GI AEs by day 56:
- Omeprazole group: 85%
- Famotidine group: 80%
- Placebo group: 36%
Severity of GI AEs:
- Higher in the omeprazole group compared to the placebo group.
A retrospective study and literature review of canine hepatocutaneous syndrome was performed. The most consistent findings with superficial necrotizing dermatitis was ______ at ___% and _____ at ____%. On ultrasound, a honeycomb liver was seen in ____% of dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome and ___% with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia. 26% of dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome had ________, a finding associated with diabetes mellitus.
- dermatologic lesions affecting paw pads or mucocutaneous junctions at 100%
- marked plasma hypoaminoacidemia at 100%
- 98%
- 0%
- marked keratinocyte apoptosis
__________ concentrations were found to be significantly higher in dogs with carcinoma, regardless of platelet count, making it likely to be 1 of multiple factors that can impact platelet number, production, and consumption in dogs with carcinoma.
Thrombopoietin
A prospective study evaluating preoperative lymphoscintigraphy for sentinel lymph node detection in dogs with various solid tumors was performed. Lymphoscintigraphy identified the SLN in ___% of cases. The SLN corresponded to the regional lymph node in ___% of cases.
- 95%
- 61%
A cadaveric study evaluating the success of targeting specific mandibular lymph nodes by palpation alone was performed. The overall success rate of inserting the needle into the targeted lymph node was ___%.
- 56%
