Flashcards in Tumour classification Deck (59):
1
What is the role of surface epithelia?
Protection
2
What is the role of glandular epithelia?
Secretion (glands and ducts)
3
What is the name for a benign tumour of surface (non glandular/non secretory) epithelium?
Papilloma
4
What is the name for a benign tumour of glandular (secretory) epithelium?
Adenoma
5
Benign tumours of surface epithelium are further identified by what?
Name of cell type of origin eg. squamous cell
6
Benign tumours of glandular/secretory epithelium are further identified by what?
Name of glandular tissue of origin
7
What would a benign tumour of squamous surface epithelium be called?
Squamous cell papilloma
8
What would a benign tumour of ductal epithelium of the pancreas be called?
Pancreatic cystadenoma
9
What are the 4 exceptions to the nomenclature rules for benign epithelial tumours?
1) Melanoma
2) Lymphoma
3) Seminoma
4) Mesothelioma
10
What are malignant epithelial tumours called?
Carcinomas
11
How are malignant tumours of surface epithelium named?
Prefixing carcinoma with the cell of origin eg. squamous cell carcinoma
12
How are malignant epithelial tumours derived from glandular/ductal epithelium named?
Prefixing adenocarcinoma with the epithelium source eg. pancreatic adenocarcinoma
13
What is important to note when naming epithelial malignant tumours?
Reference is often made to the degree of differentiation in epithelial malignant tumours eg. moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma
14
What would a benign epithelial tumour of stratified squamous epithelium be called?
Squamous cell papilloma
15
What would a benign epithelial tumour of basal cells of the skin be called?
Basal cell papilloma
16
What would a benign epithelial tumour of transitional epithelium of the bladder be called?
Transitional cell papilloma
17
What would a benign epithelial tumour of the glandular epithelium of the liver be called?
Liver cell adenoma
18
What would a benign epithelial tumour of the glandular epithelium of the thyroid be called?
Follicular adenoma (as talking about thyroid follicles)
19
What would a malignant epithelial tumour of stratified squamous epithelium be called?
squamous cell carcinoma
20
What would a malignant epithelial tumour of basal cells of the skin be called?
basal cell carcinoma
21
What would a malignant epithelial tumour of transitional epithelium of the bladder be called?
Transitional cell carcinoma
22
What would a malignant epithelial tumour of the glandular epithelium of the colon be called?
colonic adenocarcinoma
23
What would a malignant epithelial tumour of the glandular epithelium of the breast be called?
breast adenocarcinoma
24
How are mesenchymal tumours named?
Tissue or cell of origin followed by -OMA
25
What would a benign tumour of bone be called?
Osteoma
26
What would a benign tumour of adipose tissue be called?
Lipoma
27
What would a benign tumour of smooth muscle be called?
Leiomyoma
28
What would a benign tumour of skeletal muscle be called?
Rhabdomyoma
29
What would a benign tumour of a blood vessel be called?
Angioma / Haemangioma
30
What would a benign tumour of cartilage be called?
Chondroma
31
What would a benign tumour of fibrous tissue be called?
Fibroma
32
How are malignant mesenchymal tissues named?
Cell or tissue of origin followed by SARCOMA
33
What would a malignant tumour of bone be called?
osteosarcoma
34
What would a malignant tumour of skeletal muscle be called?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
35
What would a malignant tumour of smooth muscle be called?
Leiomyosarcoma
36
What would a malignant tumour of blood vessels be called?
Angiosarcoma
37
What would a malignant tumour of cartilage be called?
Chondrosarcoma
38
What would a malignant tumour of adipose tissue be called?
Liposarcoma
39
What would a malignant tumour of fibrous tissue be called?
Fibrosarcoma
40
What is a benign tumour of melanocytes called?
Melanocytic Nevus
41
What is a malignant tumour of melanocytes called?
Melanoma
42
What are the possible names for a malignant tumour of blood cells? 3
Leukaemia
Lymphoma
Myeloma
43
What is a tumour of the meninges called?
Meningioma
44
What is a tumour of astrocytes called?
Astrocytoma (Glioblastoma multiforme is from a type of astrocyte)
45
Name 5 types of CNS tumours?
1) Meningioma
2) Astrocytoma
3) Oligoendroglioma
4) Ependymoma
5) Medulloblastoma
46
How are CNS tumours graded?
WHO grading I to IV
47
Germ cell tumours are common in what organs?
Gonads
48
What are seminomatous tumours called?
Seminoma
49
What is a teratoma?
A non-seminomatous germ cell tumour
teeth/hair/muscle/neural/cartilage
50
Who do embryonal tumours occur in?
Occurs in very young,
51
Name 4 kind of embryonal tumours?
1) Retinoblastoma
2) Nephroblastoma (Wilms)
3) Neuroblastoma
4) Hepatoblastoma
52
What are embryonal tumours?
Tumours with histological resemblance to embryonic cells of that organ
53
Is a pleomorphic salivary adenoma benign or malignant?
Benign
54
What is a carcinosarcoma?
Malignant tumour with carcinomatous and sarcomatous components
55
Name 4 malignant tumours with benign names?
1) Melanoma
2) Mesothelioma
3) Myeloma
4) Lymphoma
56
What is a hamartoma?
non-neoplastic overgrowth of normal tissue which is indigenous to the sight of origin (different to choristoma!)
A tumour like lesion which exhibits uncoordinated growth, usually benign and consist of atleast 2 mature cell types normally found in the tissue of the organ in which the lesion lies eg. lung harmatoma contains cartilage and bronchial epithelium
57
What are harmatomas associated with?
Developmental abnormalities
58
What is a choristoma?
Nodules of non-neoplastic organ parenchyma in another organ eg. normal (non neoplastic) pancreas nodule in stomach
59