TuT 6 Completly done Flashcards
(30 cards)
Perception depth is based on cues name all the cues ?
- Monocular cues
- Binocular cues
Name the definition and parts of oculomotor cues:
The ability to make sense of the position of our eye and the ability to realize tansion in our eye muscles !
Convergence:
– Inward movement of eyes that occurs when we look at nearby objects.
Accommodation:
- Change in shape of lens that occurs when we focus on objects at various distances (far or close)
- Can either be Monocular or binocular
Definition of Monocular cues and main parts of monocular cues:
- Work with one eye (mono)
- Main part of mono cues:
1. Accommodation,Changes the shape of the lens to focus at variance distances
And uses:
- Pictorial motion ( Are fixed 2 dimensional cues for depth perception )
- Motion produced cues
Name the Monocular cues (pictorial motion cues)
- Occlusion
- Relative size
- Familiar size
- Texture gradient
- Realtive Height
- Perspective convergence
- Atmospheric perspective
- Shadows
Define occlusion:
- Partially hidden object seen as being farther away.
Define Relative size:
- When two objects are of equal size, the one farther away will take up less of our field of view than the one closer.
- based on knowledge
Define Fmiliar size:
- you can tell how big something is based on prior knowledge of size of objects.
Define texture gradient:
- Elements taht are father away are more seen as packed/ full.
- Ex: Flowers which u see up front can still be told apart and in the back not.
Define relative height:
- Objects with their bases closer to horizon are usually seen as being more distant.
Define perspective convergence:
- When parellle lines come closer together they seem to be more farther away
Define atmospheric perspective:
- Distant object are seen to be less sharp and have a slight blur tone
Define shadows:
Shadows can provide useful information about objects locations
Name the motion produced cues and the definition:
still monocular cues
Cues that emerge when we start moving, that support our perception of depth
- Motion Parallax
- Delection an accretion
Define motion parallax:
- Nearby objects appear to move rapidly where as far away objects move slowly
Example (If u look out the window while driving) - why because image of nearby objects travel larger distance
Define deletion and accretion:
As an observer moves sideways, some things become covered (= deletion), and others become uncovered (= accretion).
What is horopter ?
Imaginary circle in the eniviormnet which passes trough the objects.
- it contains all corresponding retinal points
- all of them have zero disparity
What is the absolute angle of disparity:
- Is the angle which provides information about the distance of objects
- It compares how far objects are away from horopter
- If far away then uncrosed disparity
- if close by then crossed disparity (repeat winkel)
- greater angel = greater distnce
- zero degree = corresponding points
- non zero degree = non corresponding points
- Absolut only figures out ditance between one object and horopter
What is relative disparity?
is the the difference between two object’s absolute disparities
- compare a horopter point with an object which lays before or behind horopter
What is stereopsis vision?
ability to use binocular disparity for depth information.
=Two slightly different images are are represneted to the person of the same object.
- USED BY 3D
What is the correspondence problem?
It trys to explain how the visual system matches images in both eyes. VIA:
- Uniqueness constraint
- Continuity constraint
- Do not need to know what these are but both explanations failed !!
What does the random dot stereogram show us ?
Conclusion: No monocular cues are needed to perceive depth perception only binocular disparity.
Where are binocular/disparity depth cells located:
- Primary receiving area = neurons for Absolute disparity
- Mostly Temporal lobe = neurons fo relative disparity
What is the goal of the experiment selective raring and microstimulation?
To proof that disparity/ binocular selective cells are responsible for stereopsis. (Depth perception)
Name the equation for size distance scaling:
And why is size distance constant?
S = K (R x D) R = Imagine on the retina D = Distance K = constant - When a person walks away retianl images get smaller (R) the distance gets larger (D)
