Types Of Attachment

Question 1

So classified the types of attachment

Answer 1

Mary anisworth

Question 2

What 3 types of attachment did Ainsworth find

Answer 2

• securely attached
• insecure avoidant
• insecure resistant

Question 3

What research methods did Ainsworth use

Answer 3

Interviews a naturalistic observations

Question 4

Aim of Ainsworth research

Answer 4

Assessing the quality of attachments, by placing an infant in a situation of mild stress and of novelty

Question 5

What was the procedure called

Answer 5

The strange situation

Question 6

What is 8 step procedure Ainsworth used

Answer 6

1. Mother and child introduced to the room
2. mother and child left alone and the child can investigate the toys
3. A stranger enter the room and talks to the mother
4. The mother leaves child alone with the stranger an the strange interacts with the child
5. Mother returns and comforts the child
6. The child is left alone
7. Stranger returns and tres to engage wit the child
8. Mother returns and picks up the child. The stranger leaves

Question 7

What behavioural categories was Ainsworth interested in

Answer 7

• separation anxiety
• willingness to explore
• stranger anxiety
• reunion behaviour

Question 8

What is separation anxiety

Answer 8

Distress an infant shows when parted from attachment figures

Question 9

What is stranger anxiety

Answer 9

Infants response to the response of a stranger

Question 10

What is reunion behaviour

Answer 10

The way the caregiver is greeted upon return

Question 11

What where Ainsworth findings

Answer 11

• 70% securely attached
• 15% insecure avoidant
• 15% insecure resistant

Question 12

What behaviour where shown is securely attached infants

Answer 12

• happy to explore an unfamiliar room if mother was present
• moderate distress when mother left
• greeted positively when returned
• moderate avoidance with stranger when mother wasn’t present

Question 13

What behaviour where shown is insecure avoidant infants

Answer 13

• did not orientate to their mother while investigating the toys in the room
• did not seem concerned by her absence
• showed little interest in her when she returned
• were also not very interested in the stranger

Question 14

What behaviour where shown is insecure resistance infants

Answer 14

• showed intense distress, particularly when their mother was absent
• sought contact with her when she returned but simultaneously rejected her and resisted contact
• showed this sort of ambivalent behaviour towards the stranger as well

Question 15

What does ambivalent mean

Answer 15

Expressing 2 contrasting thoughts or behaviour at the same time eg the infants wanted their mother and rejected her at the same time

Question 16

What was Ainsworth conclusion

Answer 16

• 3 attachment types
• an association between the mothers behaviour and the infants
  attachment type, this suggests that the mothers behaviour many be important in determining attachment type = caregiver hypothesis
• most American children are securely attached

Question 17

Strengths of Ainsworth study

Answer 17

• devolved useful methodology
• support for caregiver hypothesis found in larger studies
• high reliability = studies use it strange situation procedure found similar results

Question 18

Weaknesses of Ainsworth study

Answer 18

• not representative
• low population validity
• lacks ecological validity
• unethical
• incomplete classification

Question 19

Supporting research to Ainsworth study

Answer 19

• test reliability

- wartner et al found the 78% of the German children they where studied where classified in the same way at ages 1and 6