types of immunity Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the two types of immunity?
Passive and active
What is passive immunity?
When an individual receives pre-formed antibodies from an outside source
What will the individual not have in passive immunity?
Antibodies or memory cells
Will the immunity be short or long term in passive immunity?
Short term
Why is passive immunity short term?
The antibodies are not produced by the individual and are not replaced
What is natural passive immunity?
The antibodies are obtained across the placenta and through breast milk
Why does natural passive immunity provide short term immunity?
The body is not stimulated into producing its own antibodies and memory cells
What is artificial passive immunity?
The pre-formed specific antibodies are injected usually following exposure to particularly infectious pathogens or toxins e.g. snake venom
What is active immunity?
The individual exposed to the antigen produces antibodies and memory cells
Will this immunity be long or short term?
Long term
What is natural active immunity?
This results from an individual becoming infected and is exposed to the specific antigen
What is artificial active immunity?
Results from an individual being vaccinated and the immune system produces its own antibodies and memory cells
