U8 L5 The Russian Revolution: 1917

Question 1

What are the 6 factors that led to the 1917 Revolution?

Answer 1

• inadequate living conditions
• low wages for working class
• short food supply
• nobility owned all land
• Russia involved in WWI
• disagreement in how the country’s political structure should be changed

Question 2

What was the difference in how the Moderates and Radicals wanted to change Russia’s political sturtcure?

Answer 2

M- democratic system with constitutional monarchy

R- revolution, power to socialist or communist government

Question 3

The radicals said that the Western democracy was incomplete because it did not include what?

Answer 3

economic freedom

Question 4

What war resulted in Russia being the first European army to be defeated by an Asian power?

Answer 4

Russo Japanese War

Question 5

What were the Russia’s battle losses mainly due to?

Answer 5

lack of industrial development

Question 6

How did food shortages affect prices?

Answer 6

increased

Question 7

Due to the war of Germany, there was distrust of which czarina? Why was there distrust?

Answer 7

• Empress Alexandra
• German
• manipulating govt
• key advisor, Grigori Rasputin

Question 8

Who was Grigori Rasputin?

Answer 8

• peasant monk and mystic

- key advisor to Empress Alexandra

Question 9

What was the capital city of Russia renamed after Russia entered WWI?

Answer 9

Petrograd

Question 10

How did the police act towards the worker demonstrations/riots in Petrograd?

Answer 10

sometimes did nothing, turn away, or hesitantly dispersed them

Question 11

Was Czarina Alexandra aware of the worker demonstrations/riots? How did she think of it?

Answer 11

• yes

- thought little of it

Question 12

When did the killing start?

Answer 12

Saturday, Feb 25

Question 13

What is anarchy?

Answer 13

society without govt or laws

Question 14

What is a Czarina?

Answer 14

female monarch/emperor of Russia before 1917

Question 15

On February 26, Czar Nicholas received a telegram from who? What did it insist? And What was Rodzankyo concerned about?

Answer 15

• Mikhail Rodzyanko
• call session of Duma to put major reforms
• soldiers who refused to shoot at the mob

Question 16

Who was Mikhail Rodzyanko?

Answer 16

president of the Duma

Question 17

On Monday, February 28, what did the soldiers tell their captain and do?

Answer 17

• they will not kill citizens
• in mutiny, killed captain
• gave crows guns
• freed 2400 prisoners

Question 18

When Nicholas learned that his support among the generals was gone, he had no choice but to do what?

Answer 18

abdicate

Question 19

What does abdicate mean?

Answer 19

• withdraw from high office/throne

- surrender power

Question 20

on March 15, 1917, Nicholas abdicated in favor of who?

Answer 20

his brother, Grand Duke Mikhail

Question 21

Mikhail refused the crown unless he had what?

Answer 21

people’s support

Question 22

Did Mikhail(brother) have the people’s support?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

When the Czar’s cabinet was imprison and Nicholas abdicated, what Govt took over?

Answer 23

Provisional Government

Question 24

Who led the Provisional Government?

Answer 24

Alexander Kerensky

Question 25

What was the Provisional Goverment made up of?

Answer 25

- businessmen - bankers - lawyers

Question 26

On March 16, Mikhail(bro) wrote a manifesto to who, and proposed what?

Answer 26

- Duma, Russian Parliament - if imperial family lose power - Parliament take control and set constitutional monarchy - Mikhail would be Monarch with no authority

Question 27

Did the Provisional Government accept Mikhail's manifesto? What was it treated as?

Answer 27

- no | - own letter of abdication

Question 28

After Mikhail's manifesto, the Provisional Govt was recognized by what countries as the legal govt of Russia?

Answer 28

France and England

Question 29

On August 1917, the Romanov family was sent to which city?

Answer 29

Siberian city of Tobolsk

Question 30

Who were the soviets?

Answer 30

- local council in the early political organization of the Russian revolution - elected among factory workers, soldiers, peasants

Question 31

What government did the soviets oppose?

Answer 31

Provisional Govt

Question 32

On October 1917, Lenin convinced the Bolshevik party to overthrow what?

Answer 32

Provisional Govt

Question 33

On November 6, the Provisional Govt officially fell to which control?

Answer 33

Bolshevik

Question 34

After the October revolution, Lenin announced the new govt would attempt to do what? What was the new govt made up of and led by?

Answer 34

- Russia into socialist state | - local soviets and led by Bolsheviks

Question 35

In 1918, a civil war broke out between who?

Answer 35

Bolsheviks (reds) and Whites

Question 36

During the 1918 civil war, the Bolsheviks changed their names to what?

Answer 36

Communist Party

Question 37

What is the meaning behind Lenin's cry 'Peace, Land, Bread'?

Answer 37

P- end Russia involve WWI L- remove wealthy from land, distribute common B- end bread strikes, food for poor

Question 38

Who mostly made up the Whites?

Answer 38

- military units | - some Mensheviks

Question 39

Did the Whites lack a clear vision of what they wanted Russia to become because of their diversity?

Answer 39

yes

Question 40

Were the Whites able to defeat the Reds?

Answer 40

no

Question 41

Until which year did the Civil War last?

Answer 41

1920

Question 42

On July 16th, the Romanov family, three servants, and a family friend, were murdered by who?

Answer 42

Communists

Question 43

How many Romanovs were murdered by the Bolsheviks?

Answer 43

17

Question 44

How many Romanovs escaped?

Answer 44

35

Question 45

On April 1922, what was the new union of countries that was announced?

Answer 45

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

Question 46

Who was the president of the USSR?

Answer 46

Vladimir Lenin

Question 47

After Lenin's death in 1924, who was his successor?

Answer 47

Josef Stalin