Uk Case studies Flashcards
(28 cards)
Examples of de-industrialisation in the UK
Coal mining in the north-east has declined with a vast majority of mines closing.
Textile industry in Manchester has largely close with companies like M&S moving production overseas.
What are some reasons for this de-industrialisation in the UK?
British Coal is too deep making it cheaper to import from abroad.
The Uk is moving away from coal as an energy source due to its environmental costs.
It is cheaper to pay staff in LIC’s and NEE’s
How has Globalisation caused change in the Uk?
Many industries have moved overseas for cheap labour, including manufacturing and cheap labour
Migration to the Uk has increased as labour flows have become more flexible
How has Government policies caused change in the Uk?
Government policies led to the UK signing trade deals with other nations to aid imports and exports
what is development of information technology like in the UK post industrial economy?
The IT sector generated £58 billion for the UK economy in 2014 and this is increasing
what are the service industries like in the UK post industrial economy?
The UK had seen a huge growth in service industries with the majority of people now working in this sector
What is Finance like in the UK post industrial economy?
3.4% of the Uk’s workforce is employed in the financial sector, banking, insurance and the stock market
UK banks do business overseas and foreign banks have bases in the UK
Financial services provide 10% of the UK’s GNI and 29% of national exports
Taxes to the UK government from the financial services amounted to £21.4 billion
What is Research like in the UK post industrial economy?
Research is essential to future economic growth and improving quality of life
Selling newly developed goods earns vast amounts of money for companies and countries
Research centres are often close to Universities to recruit graduates their labour force
What are science and business parks like in Uk post industrial economy?
Business parks are hubs for development
Business parks allow companies to congregate together often improving links
Manor Royal Business District in Crawley has over 500 business and employs 30,000 people
What is the UK’s road infrastructure like?
First motorway opened up in 1958 around Preston
Since then the number of motorways has increased considerably
Car ownership has increased from 4.5 million to 31.4 million in 56 years.
Road deaths have halved but traffic congestion has increased
What is the UK’s rail infrastructure like?
10% of the UKL freight is carried on the railways
Channel tunnels link the UK to the rest of Europe, increasing trade and tourism
There are currently plans to build HS2, a high speed train line linking London to the North
What are the UK’s ports infrastructure like?
95% of international trade is transported by sea
Around 37,000 are employed in ports with 1000’s more created by the multiplier effect
What are the UK’s airports infrastructure like?
London’s airports carry 133 million passengers
Heathrow is the largest global huh airport supporting 222,000 jobs
Currently plans to expand heathrow are under consultation
How is the UK making Teeside’s industry cleaner?
Permits needs to be obtained to output high volumes of pollution and these are getting more expensive so industry loses its competitive edge.
So:
Retrofitting carbon capture technology to steel and chemical industries: Saves 5 million tonnes of CO2 anually by the 2010’s (90% of emissions), Maintains the reguons industrial competitiveness while securing 12000 jobs (creating 2600 new jobs) and created greater spending power in the region
How has Kidlington shown growth?
It is located on the edge of Oxford, close the M40
The village has grown 30% between 1981 and 2001
Small housing estates were buoly to house people who work in the settlement itself, Oxford and nearby areas
Occupants are relatively well off families who have moved out of Oxford
However, younger local people can no longer afford to buy homes due to the lack of affordable housing
How has Wrotham declined?
It is a small remote village near Tonbridge, Kent
Many jobs in agriculture no longer exist
Village numbers have been declining with fall in population
In 2006, the Post Office closed
What is evidence of the North-South divide?
Northern landscapes are far hillier leading to poorer farming
Deaths from coronary heart disease are higher in the north including 93.7 per 1000 people
There are lower earnings, fewer skilled jobs and lower house prices in the North
Life expectancy in Liverpool is 75.5 years whilst in cambridge it is 79.5
How will Local Decolution reduce the North-South divide?
Manchester became the first city region outside of London to elect a mayor
This person will have increased powers to plan and run the cirt
Many other cities have a mayor, including Birmingham, allowing them to decide how the city should be run instead of London
What are negatives of local devolution
There were low turnouts at elections, suggesting little appetite for the scheme
How will the Norther Powerhouse Scheme reduce the North-South divide?
It is about boosting the local economy by investing in skills, innovation, transport and culture
It devolves significant powers and budgets to directly elected mayors to ensure decisions in the North are made in the north
How will Improving the North’s image reduce the North-South divide?
It involves making the North attractive and undoing any stereotypes people hold about the north
In 1998, Gateshead in the north-east has been home to the Angel of the North acting as a symbol of Northern pride
Liverpool was the European capital of culture and Hull the UK capital of culture in a bid to show off northern cities wealth of culture they bring
What are the UK’s links through trade like?
Between February and April 2015, 49% of exports went to the EU and 51% to the rest of the world
Exports to China are rapidly increasing - 26% higher in 2015 than 2011
What is the Uk’s culture like in the world?
The UK’s culture has spread through out the common wealth - many countries’ governments, health services and education systems are modelled by the UK’s
