Unit 1 Flashcards
Aide
An assistant or helper
Aubuse
Any care that results in physical harm or pain, or mental anguish
Ancient Romans added what?
Sanitary systems, hospitals, health care
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the microscope in 1668
Assault and battery
- Physical or verbal attack on another person; treatment or care given to a person without obtaining proper consent
- Unlawfully touching another person without that person’s consent
Associate’s degree
Degree awarded by a vocational-technical school or community college after successful completion of a two-year course of study or its equivalent
Athletic trainer
A certified health care professional who practices in the field of sports medicine
Audiologist
Individual specializing in diagnosis and treatment of hearing disorders
Bachelor’s degree
Degree awarded by a college or university after a person has completed a four-year course of study or its equivalent
Behaviors associated with wellness
Physical, emotional, social, mental and intellectual, and spiritual
Biomedical engineer
Combine knowledge of engineering with knowledge of biology and biomechanical principles to assist in the operation of helath care facilities
Biomedical equipment technicians (BETs)
Work with the many different machines used to diagnose, treat, and monitor patients
Birth control pills
Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1960
Cardiologist
Specialize in diseases of the heart and blood vessels
Central/sterile supply worker
Involved in ordering, maintaining, and supplying all the equipment and supplies used by other departments in a health care facility
Christiaan Barnard
Performed the first heart transplant in 1967
Competence
Able, capable
Confidentiality
Not to be shared or told; to be held in confidence or kept to oneself
Contracts
To shorten, decrease in size, or draw together; an agreement between two or more persons
Defamation
Slander or libel; a false statement that causes ridicule or damage to a reputation
Definition of health care
Social insurance for the ill and injured
Dental hygienist
A licensed individual who works with a dentist to provide care and treatment for the teeth and gums
Dental laboratory technician
Make and repair a variety of dental prostheses (artificial devices) such as dentures, crowns, bridges, and orthodontic appliances according to the specifications of dentists
Dependability
Capable of being relied on; trustworthy
Dermatologist
Specializes in diseases of the skin
Dialysis technician
AKA renal dialysis technicians, hemodialysis technicians, nephrology technicians. Operate on the kidney hemodialysis machines used to treat patients with limited or no kidney function
Dietition
An individual who specializes in the science of diet and nutrition
Doctor’s degree
Degree awarded by a college or university after completion of a prescribed course of study beyond a bachelor’s or master’s degree
Dorthea Dix
Superintendent of Female Nurses of the Army in 1861
Electroencephalograph technologist
Operates an instrument called an electroencephalograph, which records the electrical activity of the brain
Electrocardiograph technician
Operate electrocardiograph machines, which record electrical impulses that originate in the heart
Eilizabeth Blackwell
First female physician in the U.S. in 1849 and started the first Women’s Medical Collge in New York in 1868
Emergency medical technician (EMT)
Provide emergency, prehospital care to victims of accidents, injuries, or sudden illnesses which requires special training
Emotional wellness
Pertaining to feelings or psychlocial states
Empathy
identifying with another’s feelings but being unable to change or solve the situation
Endocrinologist
Specializes in diseases of the endocrine glands
Endodontics
Branch of dentistry involving treatment of the pulp chamber and root canals of the teeth; root canal treatment
Entrepreneur
Individual who organizes, manges, and assumes the risk of a business
Epidemiologist
Identify and track diseases as they occur in a group of people
Ethics
Principles of right or good conduct
False imprisonment
Restraining an individual or restricting and individual’s freedom
First test tube baby
Louise Brown, born in England in 1978
Five dimensions of humans
Physical, emotional, social, mental and intellectual, and spiritual
Florence Nightingale
Founder of modern nursing
Gabriel Fahrenheit
Created the first mercury thermometer in 1714
Gastroenterologist
Specializes in diseases and disorders of the stomach and intestine
Genetic counselor
Provide information to individuals and families on genetic diseases or inherited conditions
Geriactric assistant
Acquire additional educatoin to provide care for the elderly in work environments
Gerontologist
Specializes in the aging process and elderly people
Geriatrician
A doctor who specializes in care for people 65 and older
Gynecologist
Specializes in diseases of the female reproductive organs
Health
A dynamic state in which the individual adapts to changes in his or her external and internal enviroment so that he or she maintains a state of well being in all dimensions
Health care administrators
AKA health care executives or health service managers plan, direct, coordinate, and supervise delivery of health care and manage the operatoin of health care facilities
Health information technician
Organize and code patient records, gather statistical or research data, record information on patient records, monitor electronic and paper-based information to ensure confidentiality, and calculate bills using health care data
Homeopathic care
Believe in the ability of the body to heal itself through the actions of the immune system; use minute diluted doses of drugs made from plant, animal, and mineral substances to cause symptoms similar to the disease and activate the immune system
Illness
An abnormal process which leads to decrease functions or impaired in one or more dimensions as compared to previous state
Informed consent
Permission granted voluntarily by a person who is of sound mind and aware of all factors involved
Integrative care
A form of health care that uses both mainstream medical treatments and complementary and alternative therapies to treat a patient
Intellectual wellness
promoted by being creative, logical, curious, and open-minded; using common sense; obtaining continual learning; questioning and evaluating information and situations; learning from life experiences; and using flexibility and creativity to solve problems
Internist
Apply scientific knowledge and clinical expertise to the diagnosis, treatment, and compassionate care of adults across the spectrum from health to complex illness
Invasion of privacy
Includes unnecessarily exposing an individual or revealing personal information about an individual without that person’s consent
Joseph Priestley
Discovered the element oxygen in 1774
Kidney transplant
Performed by Joseph Murray in 1954
Levels of health care
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
or
Acute, chronic, primary, specialized, inpatient
Libel
When false information is given out and it is written
Licensed practical/vocational nurse
Working under the supervision of physicians or RNs, provide patient care requiring technical knowledge but not the level of education required of RNs
Living will
Documents that allow indviduals to state what measures should or should not be taken to prolong life when their conditions are terminal
Louis Pasteur
Discovered germs, pasteurization process, rabies vaccine
Malpractice
Providing improper or unprofessional treatment or care that results in injury to another person
Marie Curie
Isolated radium in 1910
Master’s degree
Degree awarded by a college or university after completion of one or more years of prescrived study beyond a bachelor’s degree
Medical clinical laboratory technologist
Work under the superision of doctors called pathologist studying tissues, fluids, and cells of the human body to help determine the presence and/or cause of disease
Medical illustrator
Use their artistic and creative talents to produce illustrations charts, graphs, and diagrams for health textbooks, journals, magazines, and exhibits
Medical translator
Assist cross-cultural communication processes by converting one language to another
Mental wellness
*same as intellectual
Negligence
Failure to give care that is normally expected, resulting in injury to another person
Neurologist
Specialize in disorders of the brain and nervous system
Objective data
An obseration about a patient that is visible palpable, or measureable; componly called a sign
Occupational therapist
Often work under the direction of a physiatrist, a physician specializing in physical medicine and rehabilitaion
Oncologist
Specializes in diagnosis and treatment of tumors (cancer)
Oncology hospital
Provide special care for patients with tumors/cancer
Ophthalmologist
Medical doctors specializing in diseases, disorders, and injuries of the eyes
Orthodontist
Specialize in the alignment or straightening of the teeth
Orthopedic hospital
Hospital specializing in care for patients with bone and muscle diseases and disorders
Orthopedist
Specializes in diseases and disorders of muscles and bones
Pathologist
Specializes in diagnosing diseases by studying changes in organs, tissues, and cells
Pediatric hospital
Hospital for children
Pediatrician
Specializes in diseases and disorders of children
Perfusionist
AKA extracorporeal circulation technologists, are members of open heart surgical teams and operate the heart-lung machines used in coronary bypass surgery
Periodontics
Treatment and prevention of diseases of the gums, bone, and structures supporting the teeth
Periodontist
Specializes in treatment and prevention of diseases of the gyms, bone, and structures supporting the teeth
Pharmacist
dispense medications per written orders from physicians, dentists, and other health care professionals authorized to prescribe medications
Phlebotomist
AKA venipuncture technicians, collect blood and prepare it for testing
Physical therapist
Provide treatment to improve mobility and prevent or limit permanent disability of patients with disabling joint, bone, muscle, and/or nerve injures or diseases
Physician assistant
Take medical histories; perform routine physical examinations and basic diagnostic tests; make preliminary diagnoses; treat minor injuries; and prescribe and administer appropriate treatments
Polio vaccine
Developed by Jonas Salk in 1952
Prevention
Providing care before acute or chronic disease occurs
Proctologist
A doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus
Professional (characteristics)
Going about your work with appropriate appearance, education, ethics, leadership, standards, and avoiding negligence
Promotion
Raising someone to a higher rank or office
Psychologist
Study human behavior and use this knowledge to help individuals deal with problems of everyday living
Radiologist
Use X-rays and radiation to diagnose and treat disease
Recreational therapists
AKA therapeutic recreation specialists, use recreational and leisure activities as forms of treatment to minimize patients’ symptoms and improve physical, emotional, and mental well-being
Rehabilitative hospital
Provide care to help patients with physical or mental disabilities to obtain maximum self-care and function
René Laënnec
Invented the stethoscope in 1816
Robert Koch
Developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and in 1882 isolated the bacteria that causes tuberculosis
Self-motivation
The ability to begin or to follow through with a task
Slander
Incorrect information given out verbally
Small pox vaccine
Developed by Edward Jenner in 1796
Social wellness
Promoted y showing concern, fairness, affection, tolerance, and respect for others; communicating and interacting well with others; sharing ideas and thoughts; and practicing honesty and loyalty
Sociologist
AKA social workers, case managers, or counselors; aid people who have difficulty coping with various problems by helping them make adjustment sin their lives and/or by referring them to community resources for assistance
Speech-language therapist
Identify, evaluate, and treat patients with speech and language disorders
Spiritual wellness
Promoted by using values, ethics, and morals to find meaning, direction, and purpose to life; often includes believing in a higher authority and observing religions practices
Stages of illness
1-sense a change 2-assumption of sick role 3-medical care 4-dependent patient role 5-recovery, rehab, death
Subjective data
An observation about a patent that is felt by the patient but cannot be seen, palpated, or measured; commonly called a symptom
Sympathy
To understand and attempt to solve the problems of another
Tact
Having the ability to say or do the kindest or most fitting thing in a difficult situation
Team player
Maintains a positive attitude, learn to laugh at themselves, friendly, cooperative, helps, listens, respectful, open-minded, willing to compromise, avoid criticizing, good communication, encouraging, hard worker
Technician
A level of proficiency usually requiring a 2-year associate’s degree or 3 to 4 years of on-the-job training
Technologist/therapist
A class of expertise in a health career field, usually requiring at least 3 to 4 years of college plus work experience
Torts
A wrongful or highly illegal act of cvil law not involving a contract
Verbal abuse
Speaking harshly, swearing or shouting, using inappropriate words to describe a person’s race or nationality, and/or writing threats or abusive statements
What did Sigmund Freud add?
Psychology and psychiatry
What does it mean to be licensure?
That the government authorized you to work in a given occupation
What does NHCSS stand for?
National Health Care Skill Standards
What is continuing educational units?
They are required to renew licenses or maintain certification or registration in many states
What is HIPAA?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act put in play because health insurance and care costs are rising and less employers are willing to offer it to employees
When was AIDS identified?
1981
Who initiated nursing education?
Florence Nightingale in 1854
Who is Clara Barton?
Founded Red Cross in 1881
Who is Hippocrates?
Greek physician known as “Father of Medicine”
Who is Joseph Lister?
Started using disinfectants and antiseptics in 1865
Who is Sir Alexander Flemming?
Discovered penicilin in 1928
William Harvey
Described the circulation of blood to and from the heart in 1628
William Roentgen
Discovered X-rays in 1895
