Unit 3 Flashcards
(108 cards)
0
Q
Absorption
A
act or process of sucking up or in; taking in of nutrients
1
Q
3 ingredients needed for fire
A
oxygen, fuel, heat
2
Q
Acetic spill clean up
A
wipe up immediately, gloves, cleaning cloths, disinfectant
3
Q
Activity during a fire
A
Rescue anyone in immediate danger
Activate the alarm
Contain the fire
Extinguish the fire or evacuate the area
4
Q
Aerobic
A
microorganisms requiring oxygen to live
5
Q
AIDS
A
acquired immune deficiency syndrome - caused by HIV, suppresses the immune system
6
Q
Amino Acids
A
22 different types make up proteins
7
Q
Anaerobic
A
microorganisms that do not require oxygen to live
8
Q
Antibiotics
A
effective: bacteria, rickettsiae
unaffective: bacteria, fungi, viruses
9
Q
Antioxidants
A
organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals
10
Q
Antisepsis
A
prevent or inhibit growth of pathogenic organisms but are not effective against spores and viruses
11
Q
Asepsis
A
the absence of disease-producing microorganisms or pathogens
12
Q
Bacilli
A
rod shaped bacteria that form spores
13
Q
Basal Metabolic rate
A
the rate at which the body uses energy just for maintaining its own tissue, without doing any voluntary work
14
Q
Best reservoir
A
warm, dark, moist
15
Q
Bile production
A
..
16
Q
Bird flu
A
caused by H5N1
17
Q
Bland diet
A
consists of easily digested foods that do not irritate the digestive tract
18
Q
Body fluids
A
blood, urine, stool, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, mucus
19
Q
Body Mechanics
A
the way in which the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts
20
Q
Border of sterile field
A
2-inch around sterile field is considered contaminated
21
Q
Broad base of support ?
A
feet 8-10 inches apart, one foot slightly forward, balancing on both feet, point toes in direction of movement
22
Q
Calorie controlled diet
A
low or high for weight loss or gain
23
Q
Calories per essential nutrients
A
..
24
Chemical digestion
food is mixed with digestive juices containing enzymes which break down the food chemically so the nutrients can be absorbed into the blood
25
Chemical disinfection
used for aseptic control, do not kill spores and viruses
26
Cholesterol
sterol lipid found in body cells and animal products
27
Clean
objects or parts of objects do not contain disease-producing organisms and therefore have minimal chance of spreading the disease
28
Contact precautions
must be followed for any patients known or suspected to be infected with epidemiologically microorganisms that can be transmitted by either direct or indirect contact
29
Contamination of health care worker
..
30
Contaminated
organisms and pathogens are present
31
Damaged equipment
report immediately and do not attempt to use
32
Define a N-95 or P-100
N-95: filters 95% of airborne particles and is not resistant to oils
P-100: filters 99.9% of airborne particles and is resistant to oils
both are types of face masks
33
Definition of organic compounds
vitamins
34
Diabetic diet
contains exchange lists that group foods according to type, nutrients, and caloric content
35
Disaster policies
stay calm, follow the policy of the health care facility, provide for the safety of yourself and the patient
36
Digestion
process by which the boy breaks down food into smaller parts, changes the food chemically, and moves the food through the digestive system
37
Diseases caused by virus
common cold, measles, mumps, chicken pox, herpes, warts, inluenza, polio, SARS, WNV, monkeypox, Ebola, Marburg, H5N1, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, AIDs
38
Disinfection
process that destroys or kills pathogenic organisms, but is not always effective against spores and viruses
39
Dry heat cleaning
use of high temperatures for a long period of time
40
Etiology
start, cause, or origin of the disease
41
Electrical safety
- do not use any frayed or damaged electrical cords
- do not use a plug if the third prong for grounding has been broken off
- never use excessive force to insert a plug into an outlet
- never handle any electrical equipment with wet hands or around water
42
Endogenous
infection or disease originating within the body
43
Ergonomics
an applied science used to promote the safety and well-being of a person by adapting the environment and using techniques to prevent injuries
44
Exogenous
infection or disease originating outside of or external to the body
45
Fat-restricted diet
limited amounts of fats, or lipids
46
Fire drill
practiced so that in case of a real fire everyone is prepared
47
Forming of food habits
formed early and hard to change
48
Fungi
group of simple, plantlike animals that live on dead organic matter
49
Glove usage
part of standard precautions, worn at all times, changed between patients or after contact with contaminated materials
50
Hantavirus
virus spread by contact with rodents or their excretions
51
High calorie diet
used for weight gain or cancer patients
52
High density lipoprotein
..
53
High protein diets
diet containing large amounts of protein-rich foods
54
Host
an area where the infectious agent can live
55
Human energy comes from where
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
56
Idiopathic
without recognizable cause; condition that is self-originating
57
Importance of water
- found in all body tissues
- essential for the digestion of food
- makes up most of the blood plasma and cytoplasm of cells
- help absorb nutrients
- helps move waste material through the body
58
Infectious agent
pathogen that can cause a disease
59
Lipids in body
triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols
60
Low-cholesterol diet
diet that restricts foods high in saturated fat
61
Low-protein diet
diet that limits foods high in protein
62
Low-residue diet
diet that limits foods containing large amounts of residue, or indigestables
63
Mechanical digestion
food is broken down by the teeth and moved though the digestive tract by peristalsis
64
Metabolism
the use of food nutrients by the body to produce energy
65
Mode of transmission
a way that the infectious agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it can live
66
Needle precautions
- never recap used needles that involve directing the point toward any part of the body
- do not remove used needles from disposable syringes by hand
- do not bend, break, or manipulate used needles by hand
- place in puncture resistant containers
67
Needle stick Safety and Prevention Act
- identify and use effective and safer medical devices
- incorporate changes is annual update of exposure control plan
- solicit input from non-managerial employees who are responsible for direct patient care
- maintain a sharps injury log
68
Normal flora
plant life adapted for living in a specific environment that are beneficial in maintaining certain body processes
69
Nosocomial
pertaining to or originating in a health care facility
70
Nutrition
all body processes related to food; the body's use of food for growth, development, and health
71
Opportunistic
an infection that occurs when the body's immune system cannot defend itself from pathogens normally found in the environment
72
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - establishes and enforces safety standards for the workplace
73
OSHA regulations
the occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals standard, the Bloodborne pathogen standard, material safety data sheets, environmental safety
74
Osteoporosis
condition in which bones become porous and brittle because of lack or loss of calcium, phosphorous, and other minerals
75
Parasitic microorganisms
rickettsiae
76
PASS
```
how to use a fire extinguisher
Pull the pin
Aim at the bottom of flame
Squeeze the handle
Sweep across the fire
```
77
Pathogens
disease producing organisms
78
Portal of entry
a way for the infectious agent to enter a new reservoir or host; breaks in the skin, breaks in the mucous membrane, the respiratory tract, circulatory system
79
Portal of exit
a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing; urine, feces, saliva, bood, tears, mucous discharge, sexual sevretions, draining wounds
80
PPE when and what do you wear
gloves, gowns, lab coats, masks, face shields; wear when dealing with body fluids
81
Principles of body mechanics
- maintain a broad base of support
- bend from the hips and knees
- use the strongest muscles to do the job
- use the weight of your body to help you push or pull
- carry heavy objects close to the body
- avoid twisting your body
- avoid bending for long periods
- if something or someone is too heavy, ask for help
82
Protozoa
microscopic, one-celled animals often found in decayed materials and contaminated water
83
RACE
```
fire procedure
Rescue anyone in danger
Activate the alarm
Contain the fire
Extinguish the fire or evacuate the area
```
84
Reading labels on solutions
read at least three times
85
Religions influence on diet
some may be restricted to certain foods
86
Reservoir
an area where the infectious agent can live
87
Rickettsiae
parasitic microorganisms commonly found in fleas, lice, ticks, and mites
88
Risk factors associated with obesity
hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, high cholesterol, stroke, osteoarthritis, gallbladder disease, breathing problems, sleep apnea
89
Risk factors for nosocomial infections
many are antibiotic-resistant and can cause serious and even life-threatening infections in patients
90
Role of nutrition
height, weigt, strength, skeletal and muscular development, physical agility, resistance to diesase, appetite, posture, complexion, mental ability, emotional and psychological health
91
Safety glasses
provide protection for the front, top, bottom, and sides of the eyes; if not disposable, cleaned and disinfected before reused
92
Solution guidelines
- read MSDSs before using any hazardous chemical solutions
- never use solutions from bottles that are not labeled
- read the labels at least three times before use
- do not mix any solutions together unless you are instructed to do so by your instructor
- avoid contact with eyes and skin
- avoid inhaling fumes
- store in a locked cabinet
- dispose correctly
- immeditely report spills
93
Sources of protein
meats, fish, milk, cheeses, eggs, cereals, soybeans, dry beans, peas, corn, nuts
94
Spirilla
bacteria that are spiral shaped
95
Stages of illness
incubation, prodromal, full, covalescence
96
Standard Precautions origins
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
97
Steam cleaning
autoclave
98
Sterile field transfer
drop technique, mitten technique, transfer forceps
99
Sterile technique
surgical asepsis, medial asepsis
100
Sterilization
free from all organisms
101
Ultrasonic cleaning
uses sound waves to clean
102
Vaccine for bioterrism
anthrax
103
Viruses
smallest microorganisms, cannot reproduce unless inside of another living organism
104
What are Cilia
hairlike projections
105
What are your strong muscle groups
shoulders, upper arms, hips, thighs
106
What is Cocci
round or spherical shaped bacteria
107
Who do we use standard precautions on
everyone
