Unit 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
types of meaning through phonology
sound symbolism
prosody / suprasegmental features
diminutives
/i/ = small, /o/ = big
onomatopoeia
resemblance between sound and meaning, the linguistic mimicking of sounds
phonesthesia
sounds remind of an action
phonesthemes
association of sounds with a meaning
types of phonological prosody
pitch, intonation, stress, rhythm
types of meaning through morphology
bound morphemes
derivational morphemes
change grammatical category and meaning
inflectional morphemes
no drastic change in meaning, just add grammatical features
types of meaning through words
grammatical level, identifying words
how to identify words
written - unit surrounded by spaces
phonological - pauses in speech
cohesiveness of words
roots appear without inflection. some roots must appear before inflection
open word class
no clear limitation, more numerous, less frequent, longer. eg nouns, verbs, adjectives
closed word class
behave like morphemes, less numerous, more frequent, short. eg prepositions, conjunctions
types of meaning above word level
phrasal verbs, compounds, idioms, collocations
phrasal verbs
verbs that exist with a preposition
compounds
nouns that combine to create a meaning, form compositionally
collocations
words that typically appear together, one’s meaning is specified by another
idioms
overall meaning of a phrase is not the literal meaning of its components
types of meaning through syntax
groupings clarified by prosody, compositionality, construction grammar, categories
groupings clarified by prosody
the way a phrase is produced can specify meaning by use of pauses
compositionality
meaning of individual words contribute to the overall meaning
syntactic categories
broad types of meaning eg count / mass nouns
construction grammar
certain grammatical constructions are associated with meaning
