Unit 1

Question 1

the study of the relationships between chemical reactions and energy transfer involved

Answer 1

thermochemistry

Question 2

is the study of energy and its transformations

Answer 2

thermodynamics

Question 3

the portion or object we single out for study

Answer 3

system

Question 4

can exchange energy but not better with their surroundings

Answer 4

closed systems

Question 5

can exchange both energy and matter with their surroundings

Answer 5

open systems

Question 6

the capacity to do work or to transfer heat

Answer 6

energy

Question 7

is the sum of all the kinetic and potential energy of all the components of a system

Answer 7

internal energy

Question 8

is the energy used to move an object against a force

Answer 8

work

Question 9

is the energy transferred from a hotter object to a colder one as the result of a temperature difference

Answer 9

heat

Question 10

a process in which the system evolves heat

Answer 10

exothermic

Question 11

a process in which the system absorbs heat

Answer 11

endothermic

Question 12

is the function or variable whose value depends only on initial and final states of the system, but not on the path or middle steps taken from initial to final state

Answer 12

state function

Question 13

a state function that accounts for heat flow in chemical changes occurring at constant pressure

Answer 13

enthalpy

Question 14

the heat of reaction, delta H, and the corresponding balanced equation are integrated together

Answer 14

thermochemical equation

Question 15

depends only on its present condition, NOT on the history of the sample

Answer 15

absolute state function

Question 16

is an extensive property

Answer 16

delta H

Question 17

the measurement of heat flow

Answer 17

calorimetry

Question 18

The measurement of heat flow is calorimetry. The appartus used is a

Answer 18

calorimeter

Question 19

is the amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of the substance 1 K. Units J/K

Answer 19

heat capacity (C)

Question 20

is the amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of the substance 1 K. Units J/K

Answer 20

Molar heat capacity (Csubm)

Question 21

is the amount of heat it takes to raise 1K of temperature for 1 gram of a substance. Units: J/g-K

Answer 21

Specific heat or specific heat capacity (C sub s)

Question 22

if a reaction is carried out in a series of steps, delta H for the overall reaction equals the sum of the enthalpy changes for the individual steps

Answer 22

Hess’s law

Question 23

the energy due to the motion of the object

Answer 23

kinetic energy

Question 24

is the energy that an object possesses by virtue of its position relative to other objects

Answer 24

potential energy

Question 25

everything outside the system

Answer 25

surroundings

Question 26

the change in the internal energy of a system: Delta E = q + w

Answer 26

first law of thermodynamics

Question 27

is the enthalpy of the products minus the enthalpy of the reactants

Answer 27

enthalpy of reaction

Question 28

are used to measure the heat evolved in combustion reactions

Answer 28

bomb calorimeter

Question 29

(heat of formation) is the enthalpy change for the reaction in which the substance is formed from its constituent elements

Answer 29

enthalpy of formation

Question 30

is the enthalpy change when all reactants and products are at 1 atm pressure and a speciic temp usually 298 K (25 degrees C); at their standard states

Answer 30

standard enthalpy change

Question 31

is the change in enthalpy for the reaction that forms one mole of the substance from its elements in their most stable form with all reactants and products at 1 atm pressure and usually 298 K.

Answer 31

standard enthalpy of formation

Question 32

is the heat released when one gram of the substance is combusted

Answer 32

fuel value